The primary aim of the thesis was to describe current awareness system of pediatric patients and their parents before anaesthesia and whether and to what extent the two groups are informed about anaesthesia. Furthermore, the thesis presents actual opinions of both responding groups on the current state of clinical practice and suggestions for its improvement. In accordance with available sources, so far no similar research has been carried out in the Czech Republic. A total number of 215 respondents at two biggest teaching hospitals in the Czech Republic have been addressed (Teaching Hospital Motol, Prague and Teaching Hospital Brno), the survey was finished by 131 people (60.93 %). Consequently, the questionnaire output was statistacally processed. The findings demonstrate a need of an improved anaesthesia awareness of pediatric patients and parents before the surgery. Obviously, both parents and children require printed information materials, although parents still tend to prefer rather the oral form - the anaesthesia interview. Keywords Anaesthesia, pediatric anaesthesiology, awareness, education, children, parents

The present diploma thesis is engaged in the education of patients prior to the application of anaesthesia. The theoretical part studies the area of education. For a comprehensive overview of the problems at issue, the theoretical part delves in the area of anaesthesia. The thesis examines the contribution of education provided to patients prior to the application of anaesthesia. The target group of respondents is composed by patients who underwent a procedure requiring an anaesthesiology care. Patients suitable for data collection were selected using the purposeful sampling method on the basis of collaboration with head nurses of the given hospital wards. The research was conducted by a quantitative method, using the author's own questionnaire. The total of 69 questionnaires was distributed. The results of the research investigation conducted that patients are provided advice as to anaesthesiology care in more than one half of all cases. The greatest share in providing advice and education to patients in anaesthesiology care is taken up by physicians - anaesthesiologists. Most often, advice is provided in form of an informed consent, including oral advice. A vast majority of the patients questioned observe the recommendations and measures that they have been informed of. The results further imply...

The aim of this thesis is to cover the issue of human dignity and the values of human life of a patient in the intensive care unit. The goal is achieved through a quantitative research, using the data collection technique through questionnaires. The purpose of the research was to determine what areas of human dignity do the patients find hard or problematic. A standardized questionnaire was used for this purpose. Based on theoretical knowledge, a questionnaire of its own design was compiled for the nurses' research group. It focused on the nurses' perception of a patient's dignity and also the value of his or her life during hospitalization in the intensive care unit. This information was quite difficult to determine, which is primarily due to the fact that it deals with topics and opinions which are philosophical, individual and perhaps even personal. The research found that the patients feel a problem only in certain areas that we had investigated in a standardized questionnaire. The patients' evaluation revealed that they do not feel most issues as too much of a problem. The nurses' research group found that the dignity of a patient and the value of his or her life mean something completely individual to each nurse. However, a large number of the nurses said that a patient's dignity is an important aspect, and the value of a patient's life in the intensive care unit is high or even priceless. This thesis could bring the nurses, who work in intensive care units, an incentive to think about the dignity of a patient, the high and untouchable value of his or her life and, last but not least, the individuality of each human being.

The number of patients with diabetes mellitus has been increasing recently. The so-called diabetic leg and related amputation treatment belong to the complications of the disease. Amputation or removal of the end part of a limb obviously affects not only the physical aspect of a patient, but also the psychical, social and spiritual aspects. It is therefore vital that each nurse is able to choose from suitable techniques of communication with such patients and to provide them with sufficient support in the adaptation to a new life role. Callista Roy also dealt with this issue and developed a model named after her, which can be applied to patients adapting to a newly arisen situation, which amputation of a lower limb definitely is. Three goals were set in the thesis. The first one was to find out what kind of problems patients after amputation of a lower limb see in the individual adaptation modes according to C. Roy. Then we focused on the interventions applied by nurses to the support for the adaptation in the individual adaptation modes and to what extent nurses work with stimuli in Roy's conception. The research was based on the data collection by means of a qualitative method, the techniques of semi-structured interviews, and involved observation of patients after amputation of a lower limb and of nurses working at a standard surgery department. After the saturation of the research sample set the data was analysed and processed by means of the "pencil & paper" method. The research has shown that nurses devote particular attention to the physiologic adaptation mode and to the interdependence mode in their practice. In terms of the satisfaction of the basic physiologic needs they mostly mentioned the assistance in self-service activities, in the sphere of excretion and very often also interventions contributing to pain relief. In the self-concept group identity adaptation mode nurses mostly apply suitable communication and provision of sufficient information. In terms of the role function adaptation mode we can say that nurses search for this kind of information, but no activity supporting this mode was found among the nurses. Unlike nurses, who pay the highest attention to the satisfaction of the physiologic adaptation mode and thereto related interdependence mode, patients see shortcomings in all four adaptation modes. In the physiologic adaptation mode patients mostly pointed out problems with movement manifested themselves in the deficit of self-care. In the sphere of self-concept group identity, they mentioned the feeling of helplessness and inferiority. Nearly all patients see a problem in the dependence on the nursing staff and the disability to play the roles once played. Among the most frequent stimuli affecting a patient after lower limb amputation are pains that nurses relieve by means of analgesics prescribed by physicians, patients also often mention the approach of the staff and social interaction owing to the absence of family members. The research has shown that nurses approach patients with dignity and also respect the incoming visitors. The information obtained by this research can be used as a basis for seminars focused on this issue and lead to the improvement of the nursing care about patients with amputation of a lower limb.

(v AJ) Introduction: The literature indicates that progressive aging of the population leads to increasing number of elderly patients with chronic kidney failure, initiating long-term dialysis treatment. ERA - EDTA (European Renal Association - European Dialysis and Transplant Association was issued in 2016 for treatment of elderly patients with advanced kidney disease. For easier orientation in the issue to withold or withdraw from dialysis therapy recommendations have been made in 2010 Renal Physicians Association (RPA). The issue of chronic kidney disease is also dealt with nurses organization The European Dialysis and Transplant Nurses Association/European Renal Care Association (EDTNA/ERCA). Aim: The aim of this research was to point out the reasons, for which patients with chronic kidney failure decide to withold or withdraw from dialysis therapy. Methodology: The thesis was performed through a qualitative research. Data were collected by individual guided interviews. The research sample included five participants. Four individuals decided to withold or withdraw from dialysis therapy and were further followed in the pre-dialysis nephrology outpatient clinic. One participant, who initially had started dialysis therapy acutely, later repeatedly stopped it and started it again with the...

LEGAL ASPECTS OF PROVIDING HEALTH CARE TO MINORS This thesis deals with the legal aspects of providing health care to minors in the Czech Republic and in Ireland, and compares the approach to regulation. Regulation of healthcare has undergone a significant change since the ratification of the Convention on Human Rights and Biomedicine. The traditional notion of the doctor-patient relationship as a paternalistic relationship has been abandoned and replaced by an equal relationship - partnership. This change culminated in the adoption of the Health Services Act as well as in other laws adopted in the framework of the reform of health care law. The adoption of the Civil Code could be seen as the final contribution in the discussion of the doctor-patient relationship. The Civil Code includes provisions regulating health care treaty, as a named type of a contract, leaving no doubt about the private-law nature of the doctor-patient relationship. The relationship between the Civil Code and the Act on the Provision of Health Services is complicated and requires the principle called lex specialis derogat generali to be applied. However, for the correct application of this principle it should be remembered that the Civil Code provisions are in some cases very detailed and that some provisions of the Civil...

The diploma thesis focused on the issue of communication between the medical staff and the patient deals with attitudes, knowledge and ethical isssues of communication between the doctor and the patient. The target group is the medical staff of the hospital ward and also the specialized outpatient service. The theoretical part explains the importance of communication between medical staff and the patient in a particular health care system. It also explains why ethics is important in relation to communication. All theoretical knowledge is based on available literary sources. The practical part describes the preparation, implementation and results of the research. Individual steps are taken to identify the current situaton in the issue. It has been found that attitudes and knowledge in patient communication vary. Furthermore, it was found that current educational programs and teaching plans of selected schools meet the level of school curriculum, but the practical teaching of communication skills is neglected. KEYWORDS: ethics, communication, patient, medical staff, medical facility

Submitted by Filipe dos Santos (fsantos@pucsp.br) on 2017-03-17T11:55:20Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Kênia Peres.pdf: 95173997 bytes, checksum: 51a52353aa256480239d6356454a5e2a (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2017-03-17T11:55:20Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Kênia Peres.pdf: 95173997 bytes, checksum: 51a52353aa256480239d6356454a5e2a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-03-08 / Fundação São Paulo - FUNDASP / The psychoanalytic clinic is now faced with the effects of new psychic realities. The so-called contemporary psychoanalysis, characterized mainly by the breakdown of the theoretical rigidity of the post-Freudian psychoanalytic schools, seeks ways of understanding and new clinical and theoretical positions, in the face of what André Green called non-neurotic structures. This thesis presents the work with patients who arrive at the psychological offices showing common traits among these pictures, which distinguish them from the others, since these patients describe their evils through a distanced speech, without implication, emptied of emotion, without relief, in a thread monotonous. Such patients, considered subjects with symbolic deficits, still have the question of acceleration of time, as an aggravating factor for their condition of being emptied of meaning. For this, the are essential / A clínica psicanalítica se depara hoje com os efeitos de novas realidades psíquicas, a chamada psicanálise contemporânea, caracterizada principalmente pela quebra da rigidez teórica das escolas psicanalíticas pós-freudianas, busca formas de compreensão e de novos posicionamentos clínicos e teóricos diante do que André Green chamou de estruturas não-neuróticas. Esta tese apresenta o trabalho com pacientes que chegam aos consultórios psicológicos demonstrando traços comuns dentre estes quadros, que os distinguem dos demais, pois esses pacientes descrevem seus males através de um discurso distanciado, sem implicação, esvaziado de emoção, sem relevos, em um encadeamento monótono. Tais pacientes, considerados sujeitos com deficit de simbolização, tem ainda a questão da aceleração do tempo, como agravante para sua condição de ser esvaziado de sentido. Para tal, a diversificação do enquadre psicanalítico e a mudança no posicionamento do analista são essenciais

Modern lifestyle (technology, increasing intensity of sport activities, motor sports) results into increasing number of injuries and traumas and their seriousness. Injuries are at the first place in the assessment of cause of death among children and adults. Traumatology deals with prevention, diagnosis and treatment of injuries involving soft tissues, bones and joints. Traumatology should be considered as a complex diagnostic-therapeutic process, which includes medical history, clinical examination and imaging methods. Based on this examination, the diagnosis is made. Then comes therapeutical considerations and possibly a patient is indicated for surgery. Evaluation scales in nursing are elementary and integral part of nursing documentation. With their help, it is possible to define the object of observation and the way of evaluation (scoring of selected manifestations). Based on the received information it is then possible to precisely identify, objectify and document the problems arising in connection with nursing care. The result is finding an adequate solution to the problem and improving the quality of nursing care. Therefore, nurses should be equipped with basic skills on how to use the scales and how to work with them. The thesis is divided into two parts, a theoretical and an empirical one. The theoretical parts contains information about traumatology, its history and trauma centers in the Czech republic. It also contains information about nursing documentation, which includes assessment scales. We mainly focused on individual assessment scales for evaluation of state of consciousness, the risk of bedsores, the risk of falling and scales for evaluation of the degree of self-sufficiency. Among other scales we dealt with pain assessment, nutritional screening and screening tests for cognitive function evaluation. We have discussed these scales further in the text. The first part of the research part of this diploma paper was carried out in the form of a qualitative survey based on semi-structured interviews with nurses, working in the traumatology department. The interviews included basic and supplementary questions which were asked later, in case of need during the interviews with interviewees. The survey was conducted in April, in a trauma center in the Czech Republic. After finishing the interviews, the results were examined into detail by coding and categorization. The most important answers of the respondents were shown in the diagrams, which were created according to the defined categories. For the second group, a quantitative research, conducted in the form of an anonymous survey, was chosen - a survey with 50 respondents. This technique was chosen as a support for the received qualitative data. The goal of this thesis was to find out the use of assessment scales for evaluation of a patient in traumatology and at the same time to map the nurses´ point of view of the issue of using assessment scales in traumatology. To achieve the goal, following questions were formulated. RQ1: What assessment scales are used in traumatology for evaluation of patients? RQ2: How can the assessment scales contribute to improving the patient care? RQ3: Are the assessment scales actively used for determining the patient care intervention? RQ4: What is the opinion of nurses on using the assessment scales in traumatology? RQ5: What assessment scales are comfortable and beneficial for nurses to use in traumatology? During the research was found out that using of assessment scales results into improving the patient care, it helps us to regularly evaluate patient´s condition and to assess the risks the patient is during his/her hospitalization, endangered with. Although the nurses see the scales as beneficial, the scales are just another administrative burden for nurses in the traumatology department. However, the results of these scales are actively used to determine suitable intervention.

The topic of the diploma thesis is: Specifice of the Treatment of Muslims in the Condition of the Czech environment. In this diploma thesis we have dealt with the issues of the Muslims patients. We have chosen this topic as it seemed very intresting and current to us. Another reason why we have chosen this topic is the fact many Czechs converted to Islam and many foreigners with the origin in Muslim countries have come to the Czech Republic. These foreigners may come to work or to study here or simpli to travel. Thanks to the increasing numer of Muslims we can meet them in hospitals more often, too. And i this up to health professionals to provide holistic health care. With a correct attitude and certain knowlwdge of Islam the positive approach by the Muslims can be ensured as well. This diploma thesis compreises of two main parts {--} the theoretical and practical one.At the beginning of the theoretical part there is a general introduction and introduction of the essentials of multicultural nursing service. This part further contains a bief history of Islam from its very beginning, its historical development in the Czech Republic and basis informaation about Islam. The basic information regarded 5 pillars of Islam, guestion of daily life, issues concerning the foot, family, hygiene, dressing and others. The final section of the theoretical part describe the ethics in Islam, ensuring of holistic approach to Muslim patient and differences in the education of the Muslim and Czech patient. Two main objectives were determined for this paper. The first objective was to determine the nursing specifics which are connected with the Musim belief. The second objective was to elaborate educational and information sheets. Thhe practical part comprises of interviuws made with the Muslims living in the Czech Republic. They included the converted as well as the native Muslims. The result of this diploma thesis is educational sheets for the health professionals and information sheets for Muslim patients. Educational sheets should serve to health professionals to be aware in which areas the patient should be educated. Information sheets will help Muslim patients with bette adaptation in the hospital environment and with operation in it. This materials can be used also for communication between Muslim patients and medical and paramedical staff. The sane sheets can serve to ordinary patient as they contain general information suitable for all patients. Included in the sheets are communication cards with Czech-English-Arabic translation.