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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Effets thermodynamiques de l'extension de la lithosphère sur les roches du manteau : modélisation et quantification des flux de carbone mantelliques vers la croûte / Thermodynamic effects of lithospheric extension on mantle rocks : modeling and quantification of mantle carbon fluxes to the crust

Créon Bocquet, Laura 07 December 2015 (has links)
Cette thèse présente une quantification du CO2 dans le manteau lithosphérique Pannonien par l'étude de xénolites de péridotites remontées par le volcanisme alcalin de la Bakony, au nord du lac Balaton. Les études texturales et compositionnelles de xénolites ont mis en évidence un métasomatisme polyphasé du manteau lithosphérique. Le dernier épisode métasomatique résulte de la percolation de liquides silicatés de type adakite, issus de la fusion d'une lithosphère subductée. Lors du métasomatisme, ces fluides primaires ont réagi avec des amphiboles métasomatiques, pour former les magmas parents de la suite calco-alcaline observée à la surface du bassin. Le bilan CO2 de ces magmas et du manteau sous Pannonien a été contraint par une approche innovante couplant : (1) de la microtomographie au rayonnement synchrotron, (2) des mesures NanoSIMS, Raman et microthermométriques, et (3) des modélisations thermodynamiques. Les concentrations en CO2 des fluides primaires ont été quantifiées entre 9.0 et 25.4 wt. %, validant ainsi une source riche en fluides. Des teneurs de ~2000 ppm de CO2 ont été estimées comme représentatives du manteau lithosphérique Pannonien. Cet important réservoir lithosphérique de CO2 est probablement drainé par le système tectonique décrochant de la Mid Hungarian Zone, entrainant l'omniprésence de CO2 mantellique dans le Bassin pannonien. / This work presents a quantitative investigation of the CO2 in the lithospheric mantle by the study of peridotite xenoliths brought up to the surface by alkaline volcanism in the Pannonian Basin (Central Europe). Textural and geochemical studies of mantle xenoliths highlight a polyphased metasomatism of the lithospheric mantle. The last metasomatic event is related to the percolation of silicate melts of adakite-like compositions, originated from slab melting. During metasomatism, primary fluids reacted with metasomatic amphiboles to form parental melts of the calc-alkaline series observed at the surface of the Pannonian Basin. The CO2 budget of adakite-like magmas and of the mantle below the Pannonian Basin was then constrained by an innovative approach on mantle xenoliths using (1) synchrotron X-ray microtomography, (2) NanoSIMS, Raman spectroscopy and microthermometry, and (3) thermodynamic models. The CO2 concentrations in adakite-like melts were estimated between 9.0 and 25.4 wt. %, in agreement with a fluid-rich source. CO2 concentrations of ~2000 ppm were determined as representative of the Pannonian lithospheric mantle. This significant CO2 lithospheric reservoir is probably tapped by the major shear zone of the Mid Hungarian Zone, resulting in the omnipresence of mantle CO2 in the Pannonian basin.
2

Rekonstrukce paleo-environmentálních poměrů zaniklého jezera Šúr v pozdním glaciálu a holocénu pomocí analýzy makrozbytků / Reconstruction of palaeo-environmental conditions of a former lake Šúr during the late-glacial and Holocene using macrofossil analysis

Potůčková, Anna January 2014 (has links)
The Danubian Plain is nothern part of the Pannonian Plain and in terms of palaeobotanical research it is an entirely unexplored area. However, this region is assumed to contain cryptic glacial refugia and migration routes of thermophilous biota northward after the Last Glacial Maximum. The late-glacial and Holocene natural long-term succession and temporal changes in the composition of plant communities of lowland lakes in the Slovakia is unknown. Šúr, a National Nature Reserve is a former lake, presently overgrown by alder carr forest. Successional development since the late-glacial was studied along two profiles. Macrofossil analysis was carried out on lake sediments extending to the Middle Pleniglacial (OIS 3). Using knowledge of the modern ecological requirements of taxa, past environmental conditions were reconstructed. The historical biogeography of selected plant species in Europe during the late- glacial and Holocene is also discussed. During the Middle Pleniglacial Myriophyllum spicatum and Chara sp. grew in the lake. During the late-glacial shallow basin contained a calcareous, meso- to eutrophic lake with Potamogeton filiformis, P. praelongus, Ranunculus subgen. Batrachium etc. During the early Holocene these elements disappeared and thermophilous plants immigrated, such as the...
3

Lithospheric structure in Central Europe : integrated geophysical modelling

Grinc, Michal 24 October 2013 (has links) (PDF)
The main aim of this thesis is to gain new knowledge about the lithospherical structure and tectonics of the Carpathian-Pannonian Basin region. We applied three different methods: 1Dautomatic modelling, 2D integrated geophysical modelling and 3D inversion to achieve this goal.These methods are similar concerning the used databases but differ by used processing andinterpretation. At first we apply 1D automatic modelling to get a very first overview of thestudied region. Secondly, we apply 2D integrated modelling of the lithosphere which combines the interpretation of surface heat flow, geoid, gravity, and topography data in the Carpathian-Pannonian Basin region and surrounding areas. This approach is able to constrain the complicated lithospheric structures of the studied region better than interpreting each data set onits own. We present four 2D integrated models of the lithosphere in the Carpathian-PannonianBasin region and surrounding areas. Finally, based on the 3D Inversion algorithm, we present the geophysical models of the lithosphere in the Carpathian-Pannonian region. The algorithm returns the density structure of the lithosphere from joint inversion of free air gravity, geoid andtopography data based on a Bayesian approach. The models are based on different input data sets and constrained by different a priori data. Based on our modelling we cannot confirm theextreme thinning (less than 70 km) of the Pannonian Basin lithosphere proposed by other authors.On the other hand, the results show the increasing trend of the lithospherical thickness of theCarpathian Arc from the Western Carpathians toward the Eastern Carpathians which confirms theprevious theories about the propagation of subduction process. We got some controversial resultsin the area of the Southern Carpathians. The results based on 3D inversion show extremely thinlithosphere in the area; on the other hand, the results based on 2D integrated modelling do notsupport such thinning. However both methods indicate that it is probable that the MoesianPlatform is bend and underthrusted underneath the Southern Carpathians. The south-eastern edge of the Pannonian Basin based on 3D inversion shows unexpected and surprisingly thinlithosphere. Since the area is quite large, we could exclude an effect of flexure, therefore this area might be potentially interesting for further investigation.
4

Lithospheric structure in Central Europe : integrated geophysical modelling / Détermination d’un modèle lithosphérique en Europe centrale : modélisation géophysique intégrée / Stavba litosféry v Strednej Európe : integrované geofyzikálne modelovanie

Grinc, Michal 24 October 2013 (has links)
L'objectif principal de cette thèse est d'acquérir de nouvelles connaissances sur la structure tectonique et la lithosphérique de la région des Carpates et du bassin pannonien. Nous avons appliqué trois méthodes différentes: modélisation 1D,modélisation 2D géophysique intégrée et inversion 3D pour atteindre cet objectif. Ces méthodes sont similaires concernant les bases de données utilisées, mais diffèrent par le traitement et l'interprétation de données. Au début, nous avons appliqué la modélisation automatique 1D pour obtenir un premier aperçu de la région étudiée. Deuxièmement, nous avons appliqué la modélisation 2D intégré de la lithosphère qui combine l'interprétation du flux de chaleur,du géoïde, de la gravité et des données topographiques de la région des Carpates et du bassin pannonien et des régions avoisinantes. Cette approche est capable de contraindre des structures lithosphériques compliquées de la région étudiée mieux que l'interprétation de chaque donnée indépendamment. Nous présentons quatre modèles intégrés 2Dde la lithosphère dans la région des Carpates et du bassin pannonien et des régions avoisinantes. Enfin, sur la base de l'algorithme d'inversion 3D, nous présentons les modèles géophysiques de la lithosphère dans la région des Carpates et du bassin pannonien. L'algorithme calcule la structure de la densité lithosphèrique par l'inversion conjointe de la gravité, géoïde et données topographiques basé sur une approche bayésienne. Les modèles sont basés sur différents ensembles de données d'entrée et ils sont contraints par différentes données a priori. Sur la base de notre modélisation, nous ne pouvons pas confirmer l'amincissement extrême (moins de 70 km)de la lithosphère du bassin pannonien proposé par d'autres auteurs. D'autre part, les résultats montrent la tendance à l'augmentation de l'épaisseur lithosphérique de Carpates d'occidentales vers de Carpates de l'est ce que confirme les théories antérieures sur la propagation du processus de subduction. Nous avons obtenu des résultats controversés dans la région des Carpates du sud.Les résultats basés sur l'inversion 3D montrent une lithosphère extrêmement mince dans ce domaine mais les résultats basés sur la modélisation 2D intégrée ne supportent pas cet amincissement. Cependant, les deux méthodes indiquent qu'il est plausible que la plateforme Moésienne soit courbée et chevauchée sous les Carpates du sud. Dans le modèle 3D, le bord sud-est du bassin Pannonien montre une lithosphère inattendue et étonnamment mince. Puisque la zone est assez grande, nous pouvons exclure un effet de flexion, par conséquent, cette région pourrait être potentiellement intéressante pour une recherche plus approfondie. / The main aim of this thesis is to gain new knowledge about the lithospherical structure and tectonics of the Carpathian–Pannonian Basin region. We applied three different methods: 1Dautomatic modelling, 2D integrated geophysical modelling and 3D inversion to achieve this goal.These methods are similar concerning the used databases but differ by used processing andinterpretation. At first we apply 1D automatic modelling to get a very first overview of thestudied region. Secondly, we apply 2D integrated modelling of the lithosphere which combines the interpretation of surface heat flow, geoid, gravity, and topography data in the Carpathian–Pannonian Basin region and surrounding areas. This approach is able to constrain the complicated lithospheric structures of the studied region better than interpreting each data set onits own. We present four 2D integrated models of the lithosphere in the Carpathian–PannonianBasin region and surrounding areas. Finally, based on the 3D Inversion algorithm, we present the geophysical models of the lithosphere in the Carpathian–Pannonian region. The algorithm returns the density structure of the lithosphere from joint inversion of free air gravity, geoid andtopography data based on a Bayesian approach. The models are based on different input data sets and constrained by different a priori data. Based on our modelling we cannot confirm theextreme thinning (less than 70 km) of the Pannonian Basin lithosphere proposed by other authors.On the other hand, the results show the increasing trend of the lithospherical thickness of theCarpathian Arc from the Western Carpathians toward the Eastern Carpathians which confirms theprevious theories about the propagation of subduction process. We got some controversial resultsin the area of the Southern Carpathians. The results based on 3D inversion show extremely thinlithosphere in the area; on the other hand, the results based on 2D integrated modelling do notsupport such thinning. However both methods indicate that it is probable that the MoesianPlatform is bend and underthrusted underneath the Southern Carpathians. The south-eastern edge of the Pannonian Basin based on 3D inversion shows unexpected and surprisingly thinlithosphere. Since the area is quite large, we could exclude an effect of flexure, therefore this area might be potentially interesting for further investigation. / Hlavnou myšlienkou tejto práce bolo rozšírenie poznatkov o štruktúre a tektonike karpatsko–panónskej oblasti. Na výskum študovanej oblasti sme použili tri rôzne metódy, 1D automatickémodelovanie, 2D integrované geofyzikálne modelovanie a 3D inverziu. Tieto metódy sú podobnév zmysle použitých vstupných databáz, ale líšia sa spôsobom spracovania a interpretácie. Akoprvé sme aplikovali 1D automatické modelovanie, ktoré slúžilo ako prvý náhľad na študovanéúzemie. Ako druhé sme použili 2D integrované geofyzikálne modelovanie litosféry, ktorékombinuje interpretáciu povrchového toku, geoidu, tiažových anomálií a topografie v karpatsko–panónskej oblasti a okolitých tektonických jednotkách. Tento prístup k interpretácii je schopnývymedziť komplikované štrúktúry v litosfére lepšie, ako interpretácia každého jednéhogeofyzikálneho poľa samostatne. V tejto práci predstavíme štyri 2D integrované modely litosféryv karpatsko–panónskej oblasti a okolitých jednotiek. Ako posledné, predstavíme geofyzikálnemodely litosféry študovanej oblasti na základe modelovania použitím 3D inverzie. Algoritmus jeschopný vypočítať hustotnú distribúciu v litosfére na základe Bayesianského prístupu zospoločnej inverzie tiažovej anomálie na voľný vzduch, geoidu a topografie. Tieto modely súvypočítavané na základe rôznych vstupných datových setov a a priori informácií. Na základenášho modelovania nemôžeme potvrdiť extrémne stenčenie (menej ako 70 km) litosférypanónskej panvy. Na druhej strane naše výsledky poukazujú na narastajúci trend litosférickéhohrubnutia Karpatského oblúka od Západných Karpát smerom do Východných, čo potvrdzujepredchádzajúce teórie o postupnom procese subdukcie. V oblasti Južných Karpát sme dosiahliprotichodné výsledky. Výsledky získané na základe 3D inverzie poukazujú na extrémne stenčenúlitosféru na druhej strane 2D integrované modelovania takéto extrémne stenčenie v danej oblastinepodporuje. Napriek tomu je pravdepodobnejšie, že moezíjska platforma je ohnutá a podsunutápod Južné Karpaty. Ďalšia zaujímavá vec sa ukazuje v juhovýchodnej oblasti panónskej panvy,kde výsledky 3D inverzie odhaľujú taktiež výrazné stenčenie litosféry. Táto oblasť môže byťpotenciálne zaujímavá a bolo by vhodné ďalej pokračovať vo výskume danej oblasti.
5

Протицајни режим великих вода Дунава, Саве, Тисе и Драве у Панонском басену / Proticajni režim velikih voda Dunava, Save, Tise i Drave u Panonskom basenu / Discharge regime of high waters of Danube, Sava, Tisa and Drava in Panonnian basin

Leščešen Igor 27 August 2019 (has links)
<p>Велике воде су сложена појава како у погледу фактора који је изазивају, тако и<br />у&nbsp; погледу&nbsp; њеног&nbsp; утицаја&nbsp; на&nbsp; екосистем&nbsp; и друштво.&nbsp; У&nbsp; дисертацији&nbsp; је&nbsp; приказана предност&nbsp; анализе&nbsp; великих&nbsp; вода,&nbsp; са&nbsp; две променљиве&nbsp; (запремине&nbsp; и&nbsp; трајање),&nbsp; у односу&nbsp; на&nbsp; уобичајену&nbsp; анализу&nbsp; са&nbsp; једном вредношћу&nbsp; (најчешће&nbsp; максимални годишњи&nbsp; протицај).&nbsp; Резултати&nbsp; добијени статистичком анализом великих вода, које су издвојене методом&nbsp; прага су показали да имају већу применљивост у водопривреди него&nbsp; методе&nbsp; које&nbsp; користе&nbsp; стандардне вредности,&nbsp; јер&nbsp; дају&nbsp; конкретне&nbsp; вредности могућих&nbsp; количина&nbsp; воде&nbsp; (запремине великих вода)&nbsp; Метода прага је примењена на&nbsp; 22&nbsp; станица&nbsp; на&nbsp; четири&nbsp; највеће&nbsp; реке Панонског&nbsp; басена&nbsp; (Дунав,&nbsp; Сава,&nbsp; Тиса&nbsp; и Драва) за период 1964-2013. година што до сад&nbsp; представља&nbsp; највећи&nbsp; узорак&nbsp; на&nbsp; овако великом&nbsp; географском&nbsp; подручју.&nbsp; Као&nbsp; праг за&nbsp; издвајање&nbsp; великих&nbsp; вода&nbsp; узета&nbsp; је вредност&nbsp; Q10,&nbsp; јер&nbsp; је&nbsp; циљ&nbsp; био&nbsp; анализа просторних&nbsp; и&nbsp; временских&nbsp; карактеристика екстремних&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; великих вода у највећих река Панонског басена. Избор прага утицао је и на&nbsp; избор&nbsp; методе&nbsp; годишњих&nbsp; максимума&nbsp; за статистичку&nbsp; анализу&nbsp; карактеристика великих&nbsp; вода.&nbsp; За&nbsp; одређивање&nbsp; параметра&nbsp; теоријских&nbsp; расподела&nbsp; коришћени&nbsp; су&nbsp; L-моменти&nbsp; који&nbsp; дају&nbsp; поузданије&nbsp; оцене параметара&nbsp; од&nbsp; обичних&nbsp; момената.&nbsp; У досадашњим&nbsp; радовима,&nbsp; који&nbsp; су анализирали&nbsp; карактеристике&nbsp; великих&nbsp; вода методом&nbsp; годишњих&nbsp; максимума,&nbsp; функција расподеле&nbsp; се&nbsp; унапред&nbsp; одабирала,&nbsp; а&nbsp; не&nbsp; на основу&nbsp; тестова&nbsp; сагласности&nbsp; и&nbsp; провере графика вероватноће, као што је урађено у овој&nbsp; дисертацији.&nbsp; За&nbsp; проверу&nbsp; сагласности годишњег максимума запремина и трајања коришћени&nbsp; су&nbsp; тестови&nbsp; Колмогоров-Смирнов&nbsp; и&nbsp; Крамер&nbsp; &ndash;Мизес,&nbsp; на&nbsp; основу којих су изабране меродавне расподеле за прорачун&nbsp; великих&nbsp; вода&nbsp; различитих повратних&nbsp; периода&nbsp; на&nbsp; станицама,&nbsp; и обрнуто.&nbsp; Помоћу&nbsp; L-момент&nbsp; дијаграма&nbsp; (LCs/L-Ck)&nbsp; утврђена&nbsp; је&nbsp; хомогеност&nbsp; региона, у&nbsp; овом&nbsp; случају&nbsp; Панонског&nbsp; басена,&nbsp; као&nbsp; иизабрана&nbsp; регионална&nbsp; расподела&nbsp; (LN)&nbsp; за запремине и трајање велике воде.&nbsp; Кластер анализа коришћена&nbsp; је као друга метода за издвајање&nbsp; хомогених&nbsp; региона.&nbsp; На&nbsp; основу ове&nbsp; анализе&nbsp; у&nbsp; Панонском&nbsp; басену&nbsp; су издвојена&nbsp; три&nbsp; региона&nbsp; која&nbsp; имају&nbsp; исте карактеистике.</p> / <p>Velike vode su složena pojava kako u pogledu faktora koji je izazivaju, tako i<br />u&nbsp; pogledu&nbsp; njenog&nbsp; uticaja&nbsp; na&nbsp; ekosistem&nbsp; i društvo.&nbsp; U&nbsp; disertaciji&nbsp; je&nbsp; prikazana prednost&nbsp; analize&nbsp; velikih&nbsp; voda,&nbsp; sa&nbsp; dve promenljive&nbsp; (zapremine&nbsp; i&nbsp; trajanje),&nbsp; u odnosu&nbsp; na&nbsp; uobičajenu&nbsp; analizu&nbsp; sa&nbsp; jednom vrednošću&nbsp; (najčešće&nbsp; maksimalni godišnji&nbsp; proticaj).&nbsp; Rezultati&nbsp; dobijeni statističkom analizom velikih voda, koje su izdvojene metodom&nbsp; praga su pokazali da imaju veću primenljivost u vodoprivredi nego&nbsp; metode&nbsp; koje&nbsp; koriste&nbsp; standardne vrednosti,&nbsp; jer&nbsp; daju&nbsp; konkretne&nbsp; vrednosti mogućih&nbsp; količina&nbsp; vode&nbsp; (zapremine velikih voda)&nbsp; Metoda praga je primenjena na&nbsp; 22&nbsp; stanica&nbsp; na&nbsp; četiri&nbsp; najveće&nbsp; reke Panonskog&nbsp; basena&nbsp; (Dunav,&nbsp; Sava,&nbsp; Tisa&nbsp; i Drava) za period 1964-2013. godina što do sad&nbsp; predstavlja&nbsp; najveći&nbsp; uzorak&nbsp; na&nbsp; ovako velikom&nbsp; geografskom&nbsp; području.&nbsp; Kao&nbsp; prag za&nbsp; izdvajanje&nbsp; velikih&nbsp; voda&nbsp; uzeta&nbsp; je vrednost&nbsp; Q10,&nbsp; jer&nbsp; je&nbsp; cilj&nbsp; bio&nbsp; analiza prostornih&nbsp; i&nbsp; vremenskih&nbsp; karakteristika ekstremnih&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; velikih voda u najvećih reka Panonskog basena. Izbor praga uticao je i na&nbsp; izbor&nbsp; metode&nbsp; godišnjih&nbsp; maksimuma&nbsp; za statističku&nbsp; analizu&nbsp; karakteristika velikih&nbsp; voda.&nbsp; Za&nbsp; određivanje&nbsp; parametra&nbsp; teorijskih&nbsp; raspodela&nbsp; korišćeni&nbsp; su&nbsp; L-momenti&nbsp; koji&nbsp; daju&nbsp; pouzdanije&nbsp; ocene parametara&nbsp; od&nbsp; običnih&nbsp; momenata.&nbsp; U dosadašnjim&nbsp; radovima,&nbsp; koji&nbsp; su analizirali&nbsp; karakteristike&nbsp; velikih&nbsp; voda metodom&nbsp; godišnjih&nbsp; maksimuma,&nbsp; funkcija raspodele&nbsp; se&nbsp; unapred&nbsp; odabirala,&nbsp; a&nbsp; ne&nbsp; na osnovu&nbsp; testova&nbsp; saglasnosti&nbsp; i&nbsp; provere grafika verovatnoće, kao što je urađeno u ovoj&nbsp; disertaciji.&nbsp; Za&nbsp; proveru&nbsp; saglasnosti godišnjeg maksimuma zapremina i trajanja korišćeni&nbsp; su&nbsp; testovi&nbsp; Kolmogorov-Smirnov&nbsp; i&nbsp; Kramer&nbsp; &ndash;Mizes,&nbsp; na&nbsp; osnovu kojih su izabrane merodavne raspodele za proračun&nbsp; velikih&nbsp; voda&nbsp; različitih povratnih&nbsp; perioda&nbsp; na&nbsp; stanicama,&nbsp; i obrnuto.&nbsp; Pomoću&nbsp; L-moment&nbsp; dijagrama&nbsp; (LCs/L-Ck)&nbsp; utvrđena&nbsp; je&nbsp; homogenost&nbsp; regiona, u&nbsp; ovom&nbsp; slučaju&nbsp; Panonskog&nbsp; basena,&nbsp; kao&nbsp; iizabrana&nbsp; regionalna&nbsp; raspodela&nbsp; (LN)&nbsp; za zapremine i trajanje velike vode.&nbsp; Klaster analiza korišćena&nbsp; je kao druga metoda za izdvajanje&nbsp; homogenih&nbsp; regiona.&nbsp; Na&nbsp; osnovu ove&nbsp; analize&nbsp; u&nbsp; Panonskom&nbsp; basenu&nbsp; su izdvojena&nbsp; tri&nbsp; regiona&nbsp; koja&nbsp; imaju&nbsp; iste karakteistike.</p> / <p>High&nbsp; waters&nbsp; are&nbsp; a&nbsp; complex phenomenon&nbsp; both&nbsp; in&nbsp; terms&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; factors&nbsp; that cause it, as well as in terms of its impact on the ecosystem&nbsp; and&nbsp; society.&nbsp; This&nbsp; dissertation presents&nbsp; the&nbsp; advantage&nbsp; of&nbsp; analyzing&nbsp; high waters&nbsp; with&nbsp; two&nbsp; variables&nbsp; (volumes&nbsp; and duration), compared to the usual analysis with one&nbsp; value&nbsp; (usually&nbsp; the&nbsp;&nbsp; maximum&nbsp; annual discharge).&nbsp; The&nbsp; results&nbsp; obtained&nbsp; by&nbsp; the statistical&nbsp; analysis&nbsp; of&nbsp; high&nbsp; waters,&nbsp; which&nbsp; are defined&nbsp; by&nbsp; the&nbsp; threshold&nbsp; method,&nbsp; have&nbsp; shown that&nbsp; they&nbsp; have&nbsp; greater&nbsp; applicability&nbsp; in&nbsp; water management&nbsp; than&nbsp; methods&nbsp; that&nbsp; use&nbsp; standard values&nbsp; because&nbsp; they&nbsp; give&nbsp; concrete&nbsp; values&nbsp; of possible&nbsp; water&nbsp; quantities&nbsp; (volume&nbsp; of&nbsp; highwaters).&nbsp; The&nbsp; threshold&nbsp; method&nbsp; was&nbsp; applied&nbsp; to 22 stations on the four largest rivers Pannonian Basin&nbsp; (Danube,&nbsp; Sava,&nbsp; Tisa&nbsp; and&nbsp; Drava)&nbsp; for the period&nbsp; 1964-2013.&nbsp; This&nbsp; represents&nbsp; the&nbsp; largest sample&nbsp; in&nbsp; such&nbsp; a&nbsp; large&nbsp; geographical&nbsp; area.&nbsp; The value&nbsp; of&nbsp; Q10&nbsp; was&nbsp; taken&nbsp; as&nbsp; the&nbsp; threshold&nbsp; for defining&nbsp; the&nbsp; high&nbsp; waters,&nbsp; as&nbsp; the&nbsp; aim&nbsp; was&nbsp; to analyze the spatial and&nbsp; temporal&nbsp;&nbsp; characteristics of extreme&nbsp; high waters&nbsp; in the&nbsp; largest rivers of the&nbsp; Pannonian&nbsp; Basin.&nbsp; The&nbsp; threshold&nbsp; selection also&nbsp; influenced&nbsp; the&nbsp; selection&nbsp; of&nbsp; the&nbsp; annual maximum method for statistical analysis of the characteristics of high waters. L-moments were<br />used&nbsp; to&nbsp; determine&nbsp; the&nbsp; parameter&nbsp; of&nbsp; the theoretical&nbsp; distributions,&nbsp; which&nbsp; give&nbsp; more reliable&nbsp; estimates&nbsp; of&nbsp; parameters&nbsp; than&nbsp; ordinary moments.&nbsp; In&nbsp; the&nbsp; previous&nbsp; researches,&nbsp; which analyzed&nbsp; the&nbsp; characteristics&nbsp; of&nbsp; high&nbsp; waters&nbsp; by the&nbsp; method&nbsp; of&nbsp; annual&nbsp; maximums,&nbsp; the distribution&nbsp; function&nbsp; was&nbsp; selected&nbsp; in&nbsp; advance, and&nbsp; not&nbsp; on&nbsp; the&nbsp; basis&nbsp; of&nbsp; tests&nbsp; of&nbsp; approval&nbsp; and check&nbsp; of&nbsp; probability&nbsp; graphs,&nbsp; as&nbsp; is&nbsp; done&nbsp; in&nbsp; this dissertation. In order to&nbsp; check the goodness-offit&nbsp; tests&nbsp; of&nbsp; annual&nbsp; maximum &nbsp; volumes&nbsp; and duration,&nbsp; the&nbsp; tests&nbsp; Kolmogorov-Smirnov&nbsp; and Kramer-Mizes&nbsp; were&nbsp; used,&nbsp; and&nbsp; based&nbsp; on&nbsp; their results&nbsp; representative&nbsp; distribution&nbsp; was&nbsp; chosen for&nbsp; calculation&nbsp; of&nbsp; different&nbsp; return&nbsp; periods&nbsp; of high waters on the stations, and vice versa.&nbsp; The L-moment&nbsp; diagram&nbsp; (L-Cs/L-Ck)&nbsp; determined the homogeneity&nbsp;&nbsp; of the region, in this case the Pannonian&nbsp; basin.&nbsp; L-moments&nbsp; were&nbsp; used&nbsp; for selection&nbsp; of&nbsp; regional&nbsp; distribution&nbsp; (LN)&nbsp; forvolumes&nbsp; and&nbsp; duration&nbsp; of&nbsp; high&nbsp; waters.&nbsp; Cluster analysis&nbsp; was&nbsp; used&nbsp; as&nbsp; the&nbsp; second&nbsp; method&nbsp; for separating homogeneous regions.&nbsp; Based on this analysis&nbsp; in the Pannonian&nbsp; Basin, three regions have&nbsp; been&nbsp; identified&nbsp; that&nbsp; have&nbsp; the&nbsp; same hydrological characteristics.</p>

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