Although sexual stereotypes paint males as being promiscuous and females as being choosy in order to increase their reproductive success, multiple mating by females is widespread and females of many taxa often produce progeny sired by multiple males – but why? In species in which there are no direct benefits associated with mating, females may adopt promiscuous mating strategies to increase their fitness through the acquisition of genetic benefits. Here, I examine the genetic mating system of map turtles, Graptemys geographica in Lake Opinicon. Based on the most conservative estimate, at least 71% of clutches in this population are sired by multiple males. There did not appear to be any relationship between female body size and frequency of multiple paternity. There was a marginally significant effect of multiple paternity on hatching success and survival of clutches, but there was no effect on hatchling morphology or locomotor performance.

Thesis--Copenhagen. / English summary: p. [138]-139. "Litteraturfortegnelse": p. [140]-148.

Thesis--Copenhagen. / English summary: p. [138]-139. "Litteraturfortegnelse": p. [140]-148.

Although sexual stereotypes paint males as being promiscuous and females as being choosy in order to increase their reproductive success, multiple mating by females is widespread and females of many taxa often produce progeny sired by multiple males – but why? In species in which there are no direct benefits associated with mating, females may adopt promiscuous mating strategies to increase their fitness through the acquisition of genetic benefits. Here, I examine the genetic mating system of map turtles, Graptemys geographica in Lake Opinicon. Based on the most conservative estimate, at least 71% of clutches in this population are sired by multiple males. There did not appear to be any relationship between female body size and frequency of multiple paternity. There was a marginally significant effect of multiple paternity on hatching success and survival of clutches, but there was no effect on hatchling morphology or locomotor performance.

A blend of literary fiction and folktale, Courting Death is a novel about women at the fringes, marginalized women, and women who have been direct targets of gender-based violence. The narrative draws from conventions of traditional African oral storytelling and the conventions associated with western literary fiction. / Master of Fine Arts / Courting Death is a novel.

Generally it is assumed, that sexual selection drives the evolution of elaborate traits. The strength of sexual selection has traditionally been attributed to varinace in reproductive success among individuals. This variance is mainly caused by the number of mating partners and the number of sired offspring. Both males and females can increase their reproductive success by alternative reproductive strategies - extrapair copulations and intraspecific brood parasitism. In our study we tested the relationship between male ornamentation and success in extra-pair and within-pair paternity and the total male reproductive success in barn swallow (Hirundo rustica), a socially monogamous species with high levels of extrapair paternity. The results suggest more colourful throat to indicate male reproductive success. Dark rusty males were less often cuckolded and they have higher total fertilization success than drab ones. Tail length did not affect neither within- nor extra-pair fertilization success, however, previous studies have concluded that reproductive success of male barn swallows is positively related to the tail ornaments. Our results confirm that extra-pair paternity considerably increase variance in reproductive success among barn swallow males. We show that within-pair success may increase the...

The work follows the current legislation dealing with matters of parenthood. It is designed in accordance with the breakdown of motherhood and fatherhood. After an introduction, defining the purpose and need for legal regulation of family issues, follow the main chapters dealing with different issues. First, attention is paid to the determination of motherhood. This section is divided into three chapters, the first of which is further divided for clarity even in the following sections. The first chapter is devoted to the issue of child identity undetected. This chapter is further divided into parts and special sections devoted to the identity of unidentified child, called the found child, another sub-chapter describes the legislation and the possibility of using the birth mother's identity and privacy of anonymous births, and the last sub-sections deal with the problem of their baby boxes, and legal issues. In other chapters of the work deals with the erroneous entry in the matrix and the state where the child is born outside the medical facility. Then follow chapters on the determination and denial of paternity. The work follows a system of three statutory presumptions of paternity and the subsequent denial of the possibility of paternity. So the first presumption of paternity mother indicating...

The work follows the current legislation dealing with matters of parenthood. It is designed in accordance with the breakdown of motherhood and fatherhood. After an introduction, defining the purpose and need for legal regulation of family issues, follow the main chapters dealing with different issues. First, attention is paid to the determination of motherhood. This section is divided into three chapters, the first of which is further divided for clarity even in the following sections. The first chapter is devoted to the issue of child identity undetected. This chapter is further divided into parts and special sections devoted to the identity of unidentified child, called the found child, another sub-chapter describes the legislation and the possibility of using the birth mother's identity and privacy of anonymous births, and the last sub-sections deal with the problem of their baby boxes, and legal issues. In other chapters of the work deals with the erroneous entry in the matrix and the state where the child is born outside the medical facility. Then follow chapters on the determination and denial of paternity. The work follows a system of three statutory presumptions of paternity and the subsequent denial of the possibility of paternity. So the first presumption of paternity mother indicating...

Orientador: Heloisa Andre Pontes / Tese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-20T02:55:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Finamori_Sabrina_D.pdf: 2705106 bytes, checksum: 6f7646a2465cf91ce20eae2a6af0e655 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Esta tese analisa a partir das narrativas de vida de filhos que buscam contemporaneamente pelo reconhecimento legal do pai biológico, como os sentidos da paternidade são constituídos, significados ou ressignificados nessas experiências particulares, questionando ao mesmo tempo como paternidade, filiação e conjugalidade se constituem mutuamente como categorias e práticas sociais a partir das alterações nas leis e nas técnicas de investigação de paternidade ao longo do século XX. Ao recuperar os pontos nodais de mudança nas leis e nas técnicas, o objetivo não é tanto fornecer um pano de fundo histórico, mas analisar como as concepções presentes nas leis (e suas alterações ao longo do tempo) reverberam no modo pelo qual os sujeitos concebem suas relações atuais ou, ainda, na avaliação que fazem sobre o próprio passado. Assim, ao direcionar a atenção para narrativas de pessoas que desejam obter o reconhecimento legal de paternidade, a presente pesquisa discute o modo como os filhos, enquanto agentes dessa ação, atribuem sentidos à busca pelo pai e, conseqüentemente, à paternidade e à família. A partir de narrativas centradas na infância, na ausência do pai, no processo de busca pelo pai, nas relações presentes e nas expectativas futuras busquei analisar, ainda, como categorias, terminologias e práticas de parentesco, construídas historicamente, acionadas e delineadas cotidianamente nas relações, apareciam nas formas particulares pelas quais a busca pela paternidade poderia ser significada / Abstract: The present thesis analyses the life narratives of children that have searched at the present for the legal recognition of the biological father in order for us to understand how the meanings of fatherhood are constituted, are signified and re-signified in these particular experiences, questioning at the same time how paternity, filiation, and conjugality are mutually constituted as categories and social practices from the alterations in the laws and in the techniques of investigation of paternity during the twentieth century. As we recovered the nodal points of change in the laws and in the techniques, the aim is not much to offer a historical background, but to analyze how the conceptions present in the laws (and in their alterations along the time) can reverberate in the way by which the subjects conceive their actual relationships or, still, in the evaluation they make about their own past. Then, in guiding the attention to the narratives of people who desire to gain the legal recognition of paternity, the present research discusses the way the children attribute meanings to the quest for their fathers, and, consequently, to the paternity and to the family. Starting from narratives centered in the childhood, in the father's absence, in the process of searching for the father, in the actual relationships, and in the future expectations, I sought to analyze how categories, kinship terminologies and practices, constructed historically, set in motion and delineated on a day by day basis in the relationships, showed up in the particular forms by which the quest for fatherhood could make sense / Doutorado / Ciencias Sociais / Doutor em Ciências Sociais

Small carpenter bees (genus Ceratina) are an excellent model taxon for the study of evolution of parental care and origin of eusociality. Prolonged offspring care is typical for this bee genus. Females usually guard their offspring until adulthood and later feed their adult offspring pollen and nectar. Moreover, most of studied species are facultatively eusocial, a trait probably inherited from the common ancestor of the genus. Although Ceratina bees have generally very interesting behavior, detailed studies were performed in only a few species, usually from North America, Japan and Australia. Only anecdotal observations of natural history existed for a few European species, and detailed research has not been performed before my thesis. The goal of my thesis is to explore the natural history of European species of Ceratina and to identify possible costs and benefits of this species' behavioral traits. I focused on following these behavioral traits: social nesting, guarding of offspring until adulthood, and feeding of mature offspring. Through my master project, I discovered biparental care in species C. nigrolabiata, therefore the most important goal of my Ph.D. project is the evaluation of costs and benefits of this behavior. Guarding of offspring by mother significantly influences their survival,...