An investigation into the feasibility of applying pattern recognition concepts to the classification of metallic objects by their electromagnetic response was performed. The effect on the response of various factors such as object shape and orientation was examined and a pattern recognition scheme was proposed based on these results. Implementation of the proposal involved the development of a novel extension to the nearest mean vector type of classifier in which the class "centroid" was generalized to be a curve in the feature space rather than a point. The resultant pattern recognition scheme was tested on a representative test set which included 815 signatures of objects, corresponding to 104 variations in object and orientation. A success rate of greater than 98 percent was achieved. It is noted that the classifier extension developed provides a viable approach to classification of response signatures that vary continuously with respect to any single parameter. / Applied Science, Faculty of / Electrical and Computer Engineering, Department of / Graduate

Mining has a lasting effect on our communities and urban environments and is especially visible in the City of Johannesburg. The industrial processes that formed the gold mine tailings sites and the natural processes that effect these sites create enchanting port industrial sites. The current remediation includes either unaccessible engineered solutions or a site is left derelict and unsafe. Exploring these processes on the project site, the study investigated how pattern making, derived form residual patterns, can inform the landscape for a recreation space. The combination of natural processes and proposed new processes to form the basis of a recreational landscape is explored. / Mini Dissertation ML(Prof)--University of Pretoria, 2018. / Architecture / ML(Prof) / Unrestricted

Snehal Udar, for the Doctor of Philosophy degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering, presented on May 4, of 2011, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: BUILT-IN SCHEMES FOR TEST PATTERN GENERATION AND FAULT LOCATION MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. D. Kagaris In this dissertation, we studied the areas of test pattern generation and fault location for detecting and diagnosing the faults in today's complex chips. In the first problem, a novel reseeding based test pattern generation scheme is analyzed by proposing a hardware efficient technique that uses irreducible polynomial-primitive element pair to generate distinct subsequences of test patterns. It is shown that for the given characteristic polynomial the hardware cost remains the same irrespective of the number of seeds required to generate the test sequence of given length. This scheme is targeted at generating pseudo-random test patterns that detect easy-to-detect faults. A counter based reseeding scheme is further analyzed that embeds a given set of fully specified test patterns in minimum number of clock cycles. Second problem investigates the effectiveness of inserting observation points on the circuit lines that along with primary output lines distinguish a given set of faults. Three hardware based approaches are proposed that aim at inserting minimum observation points, and are compared with each other for different diagnostic resolutions.

This research describes patterns of use in the High Line Park and investigates the relationship between the design of this elevated park and the ways parks like these are utilized. Mixed methods were used for this research, including direct observations and personal interviews. Research was conducted to answer the following questions: first, what are users’ activity patterns in the different sections of the High Line? Second, how do the users’ activity patterns vary at different times of the day? And finally, how do the site layout and the design elements affect the users’ behavior? The results show that the Plaza area and the Lawn area were the most used spaces compared to other spaces that were observed. In conclusion, this study suggests that the design features that are related to planting design, seating areas, and pathways are very important elements to promote activity, as specifically observed in the High Line.

A beautiful floor, a forgotten element, draws the eye down, a rare direction to view architecture. The presence of a floor, realized through travel, led to a curiosity about the patterns adorning the surface and an architecture generated by the floor. A pattern becomes a floor when lines turn into joints. The subtle interruptions of a pattern's repetition, revealed through geometric construction, establishes the boundary of a floor and the order of a room. In a series of rooms determined by the floor, the transition from one pattern to another, with respect to tectonics, creates the thresholds and fenestrations within the procession. The acts of making and ichnographic drawing, under the watchful hand of craft, directed this study of a floor as the principal architectural consideration. / Master of Architecture / The presence of an ornate floor changes the experience of architecture, as it alters the familiar architectural views. The patterns found on floors in Europe inspired the idea of the floor generating the spatial qualities of a room. The geometry of a pattern determines the bounding conditions, the form, and structure of a room as well as the transition between rooms determined by other patterns. Drawing in plan and crafting wooden models transformed a pattern into a floor through an understanding of the material and underlying joinery.

Radar-based respiration monitoring has been increasingly popular among researchers in biomedical fields during the last decades since it is a contactless monitoring technique. It is very convenient for subjects because it does not impose any restrictions on subjects or require their cooperation. Meanwhile, recognizing alternations in respiratory patterns is an important early clue of the diagnosis of several cardiorespiratory diseases. Thus, a study of biomedical radar-based respiration monitoring and respiratory pattern classification is carried out in this thesis. Radar-based respiration monitoring technology has a shortcoming that the collected respiratory signal will be easily distorted by the body movement of the monitoring subjects or disturbed by environment noise because of the contactless measurement attribute. This shortcoming limits the application of the respiratory pattern classification model, that is, the existing models cannot be applied automatically since the distorted respiratory signal needs to be manually filtered out ahead of the classification. In this study, a new respiratory pattern classification strategy, which can be implemented full-automatic, is proposed. In this strategy, a class “moving” is introduced to classify the distorted signal, and the sampling window length is shortened to reduce the effect caused by the signal distortion. A performance requirement for the continuous respiratory pattern classification is also proposed based on its expected function that can alert the occurrence of the abnormal breathing patterns. Several models which can meet the proposed performance requirement are developed in this thesis based on the state-of-the-art pattern classification technique and the time-series-based shapelet transform algorithm. The proposed models can classify four breathing patterns including eupnea, Cheyne Stokes respiration, Kussmaul breathing and apnea. A radar-collected respiratory signal database is built in this study, and a respiration simulation model which can generate breath samples for pattern classification is developed in this thesis. The proposed models were tested and validated in batch and stream processing manner with independently collected data and continuously collected data, respectively.

No / A novel MIMO/diversity Planar Inverted-F antenna (PI FA) is presented for UWB applications. This antenna assembly is formed by two identical PIFAs, a T-shaped decoupling structure which connects the two PIFAs and a finite ground plane. The compact envelope dimension of this antenna is 50 × 90 × 7.5 mm3. Theoretical and experimental characteristics are illustrated for this antenna that fully covers an operating frequency band of 3.1 – 10.6 GHz for UWB applications, at a reflection coefficient and mutual coupling better than −10 dB and −20 dB respectively. An acceptable agreement is also obtained between computed and measured radiation patterns and gains. These characteristics demonstrate that the proposed antenna is an attractive candidate to provide pattern diversity in enhancing the channel capacity while operating in a rich scattering environment.

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