This study examines the experiences of dementia caregivers (DCs) and caregivers of older adults with non-dementia related mental illness (CMIs) through the application of Pearlin's stress process framework, which conceptualizes the caregiving experience as an interplay between various contextual factors, stressors, moderating resources, and outcomes variables. A total of seven caregivers (4 DCs, 3 CMIs) participated in this study. Participation involved a one-on-one semi-structured interview focused on tapping into the components of Pearlin's framework, following which participants completed three measures (CES-D, STAI-Trait form, SF-36) aimed at assessing levels of depression, anxiety, and physical and mental health, respectively. Qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis and quantitative data were examined in relation to qualitative results and to normative data. Qualitative analysis revealed that CMIs are exposed to particularly severe forms of problematic behaviours and that they utilize far fewer formal services and resources. In relation to quantitative findings, it was found that, in general, the CMIs experienced higher levels of emotional distress and worse physical health and functioning. Overall, results suggest a need for research focused on how formal services could be modified to best capture the needs of the diverse population of CMIs.