Background: The number of children under the age of five who dies of malaria per thousand births is sixteen in Tanzania. Even though improvements have been made there are still many challenges in the care of malaria infected children. Aim: The aim of this study was to investigate the experiences that nurses and relatives to malaria infected children have regarding the pediatric malaria care at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Tanzania. Method: Semi structured interviews were conducted among three nurses and three relatives to malaria infected children within a pediatric ward at Kilimanjaro Christian Medical Centre, Tanzania. The interviews were recorded, transcribed and then analysed. Result: All the nurses agreed that the major challenge in the care of malaria infected children is the lack of knowledge from the relatives about prevention of malaria. This results in a lack of adherence among the relatives concerning prevention. The relatives agreed about their lack of knowledge about malaria and they wished for more education. They also considered the workload to be an issue for the nurses at the ward. The availability for the child to get treatment depends whether they are from a rural area or city. Conclusion: To continue the fight against malaria among children it is of great importance to focus on the relatives lack of knowledge about malaria, the workload issue and the long distance to hospital.

Background- Severe Plasmodium falciparum malaria remains one of the major causes of childhood morbidity and mortality in Africa. Severe malaria manifests itself as three main clinical syndromes-impaired consciousness (cerebral malaria), respiratory distress and severe malarial anaemia. Cerebral malaria and respiratory distress are major contributors to malaria mortality but their pathophysiology remains unclear. Motivation/Objectives- Most children with severe malaria die within the first 24 hours of admission to a hospital because of their pathophysiological conditions. Thus, along with anti-malarial drugs, various adjuvant therapies such as fluid bolus (for hypovolaemia) and anticonvulsants (for seizures) are given to alleviate the sick child’s condition. But these therapies can sometimes have adverse effects. Hence, a clear understanding of severe malaria pathophysiology is essential for making an informed decision regarding adjuvant therapies. Methodology- We used mass spectrometry-based shotgun proteomics to study plasma samples from Gambian children with severe malaria. We compared the proteomic profiles of different severe malaria syndromes and generated hypotheses regarding the underlying disease mechanisms. Results/Conclusions- The main challenges of studying the severe malaria syndromes using proteomics were the high complexity and variability among the samples. We hypothesized that hepatic injury and nitric oxide play roles in the pathophysiology of cerebral malaria and respiratory distress.