Thesis (MPhil (Industrial Psychology. African Centre for HIV/AIDS Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: HIV/AIDS is a world wide pandemic and has caused threat in many organizations. Organizations are trying to put in place programmes to fight the spread of HIV/AIDS as it affects the productivity and profits due to increased absenteeism and turnover. The Joint United Nations programme on HIV/AIDS [UNAIDS] estimated that there are 40 million people living with HIV/AIDS world wide, 25 million has died and 15 millions are orphans due to HIV/AIDS. The Department of Agriculture [Limpopo] has recruited Peer Educators to assist in providing education, awareness and prevention programmes on HIV/AIDS to employees and stakeholders. However, it is essential to assess the knowledge, attitudes and perception of this Peer Educators in order to develop intervention measures to improve the effectiveness of the programme. The Department of Public Service Administration guideline on managing HIV/AIDS in the workplace (2002) requires departments to conduct KAP (knowledge, attitudes and perception) in order to have baseline data for responsive, relevant intervention strategies in the workplace. “HIV/AIDS workplace programmes can only be successful if the employees needs regarding knowledge, attitudes and practices have been thoroughly researched” (Family Health International, 2000). The aim of the study was to identify the knowledge, attitudes and practices of Peer Educators in the Limpopo Department of Agriculture. This will also assist to measure the impact of training provided to them. All Peer Educators were be given an opportunity to participate in the study. Self-administered questionnaire was be used to collect data and confidentiality was emphasized. Data was analysed using the SSP programme and Microsoft excel. The findings revealed an average knowledge of Peer Educators on HIV/AIDS, positive attitudes and safe sexual practice by using condoms. There is need for in service training for Peer Educators. The results also indicated the strong need of support from supervisors and management in the implementation of Peer Educators programme. The findings of the study will also assist the Limpopo Department of Agriculture to redesign the Peer Education Programme in order to minimize the risks and reduce the infection rate on HIV. Peer Educators are considered as key informants, it is significant to understand their level of knowledge, and what is their perception of risk to HIV/AIDS. / ARFIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die studie was die bepaling van die kennisvlakke, houdings en persepsies van eweknie-opleiers in die Limpopo provinsie. Die resultate van die studie dui op sterk behoeftes aan verdere opleidng aan veral toesighouers en bestuurders van die Departement van Landbou van Limpopo provinsie. Voorstelle word aan die hand gedoen oor die wyse waarop hierdie opleidingsprogramme saamgestel behoort te word en riglyne word gegee vir die implementering daarvan.

Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / Bibliography / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa is now in its eighteenth year of democracy. However, a major problem that we are facing is the scourge of the HIV/AIDS pandemic throughout Africa, with the most seriously affected areas being in Sub-Saharan Africa. Despite a National Strategic Plan (NSP) for HIV/AIDS, government authorities have been unable to stem the tide of daily HIV infections amongst all people. Education seems to be one of the most powerful weapons to fight this pandemic; hence it is expected of HEIs to respond to this problem in a meaningful manner in order to stem the tide of the HIV/AIDS pandemic on all university campuses. HEAIDS took the initiative to bring all role players in HEIs together to devise plans for how to deal with the pandemic at HEIs. Despite the fact that 22 out of the 23 higher education institutions surveyed by HEAIDS in 2008 were engaged in peer education training programmes, none of them monitored or evaluated these programmes. The aim of this study is to evaluate and establish the influence of a peer education programme amongst students at a selected HEI in the Western Cape. An evaluation research design was employed, using a mixed methods approach to collect data. A Logic Model was developed which assisted me with the evaluation design. I used Bandura's social cognitive theory (SCT) to assist me with the analysis and interpretation of the data. The study attempted to understand the key issues involved in the peer education programme, challenges faced by staff in the implementation of these programmes, how peer educators experienced the training programmes, as well as the experiences of other students who interacted with the peer educators. The quantitative data revealed that more work needs to be done with regard to behaviour change amongst peer educators. However, in this study, the qualitative data showed that peer educators need to develop more skills to empower themselves to facilitate workshops and to enhance their communication skills. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika is tans in sy agtiende jaar van demokrasie. Die probleem wat nog hierdie bedeling in die gesig staar, bly nog steeds die MIV en VIGS pandemie, waarvan die grootste problem in Sub-Sahara Afrika, is. Ten spyte van 'n omvattende nasionale plan teen MIV en VIGS kan die owerhede nog nie hierdie aaklige pandemie stuit nie, en word mense nog op 'n daaglikse basis daardeur geaffekteer. Opvoeding bly nog die grootste wapen waarmee hierdie pandemie beveg kan word, daarom word dit van die opvoedkundige instansies, veral universiteite, verwag om die voortou te neem met die bevegting van hierdie pandemie. "HEAIDS" het die inisiatief geneem om alle rolspelers by hoër opvoedkundige instansies bymekaar te bring om sodoende planne te beraam, hoe om te werk te gaan om die pandemie te bekamp. Ten spyte van die feit dat 22 uit 23 hoër opvoedkundige instansies deel was van die opnames wat in 2008 op hul kampusse, onder sekere portuurgroepe gedoen was, was geen analiese of evaluering gedoen nie. Die doel van hierdie navorsings projek is om portuurgroep opleidings programme te evalueer by n universiteit in die Wes-Kaap en om vas te stel wat die invloed van hierdie programme onder sekere portuurgroepe by hierdie hoër opvoedkundige instansie, het. Daar was van 'n evaluerings navorsing metode gebruik gemaak met gemengde maniere om die data in te vorder. 'n Logiese model was ontwikkel wat my gehelp het met die evaluerings ontwerp. Die Teoretiese raamwerk wat gebruik was om die data te intepreteer was Bandura se Sosiale Kognitiewe Teorie. Die studie het gepoog om die belangrike aspekte wat betrokke is by portuurgroep opleidings programme uit te beeld en om vas te stel watter uitdagings die personeel ondervind het met die implimentering van die opleidings programme. Ek wou ook vasstel hoe die portuurgroepe en die ander studente op kampus, hierdie programme ondervind het. Kwantitatiewe data het bewys dat meer gedoen moet word met betrekking tot die gedragsveranderinge van portuurgroepe. Kwalitatiewe data het bewys dat daar meer opleiding nodig is vir die portuurgroepe ten opsigte van vaardigheidsontwikkeling. Daar moet gefokus word op die ontwikkeling van kommunikasie metodes en die fasilitering van werkswinkels.

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2005. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Thus far, no youth intervention strategy has responded to the root causes of the HIV/AIDS crisis amongst young people through an approach that encompasses both a prevention and a future leadership strategy in one development model. This article tells the story of the development and pilot process of an adolescent peer education model, for which the author of this paper was the leader. The model is being proposed as a youth development strategy to positively impact community social norms by using young opinion leaders as the catalyst for change. The model was developed through an NGO, OIL Reach Out Adolescent Training (OIL), that specifically set out to pioneer, implement and evaluate best practice adolescent peer education in one cross-cultural community as a model for other communities in Africa. OIL set out basing its belief in the efficacy of peer education on behavioural theories, which support it as a strategy for behaviour change. At the heart of their peer education pilot was the belief that the message giver is the strongest message; people don’t change with information, they change when others around them change. Together with peer education theories, OIL applied a “futures-oriented” education approach in their curriculum development. OIL set out with a definition of peer education as being “the process whereby skilled facilitators assist a group of suitable young people to: educate their peers in a structured manner; informally role-model healthy behaviour; recognise youth in need of additional help and refer them for assistance; and advocate for resources and services for themselves and their peers”. (Deutsch, C. & Swartz. S 2003), OIL strategically selected a community at the tip of the Western Cape to pilot, made up of 4 diverse school communities and representing a microcosm of periurban South Africa as a whole. OIL was selected by the Western Cape Education Department as part of the provincial pilot programme. The core programme framework was designed together with community stakeholders and adolescent community representatives. Selection of Adolescent Peer Educators was through a combination of self-nomination and referrals from peers. The aim of this process was to yield a diverse group of teens from all the different sub-cultures who were leaders, chosen on their shared experience with learners and making up 10-15% of the class. Training content included a diverse values based curriculum that was designed to provide skills and information needed to tackle root issues facing young people and providing a sense of vision and purpose. Personal transformation of the peer educator was realized to be the critical factor in effective peer education.Over three years, a structured and long-term programme was put in place with programme standards and clear manageable outputs for peer educators. Once the pilot was drawing to completion in 2004, the author of this paper as representative of OIL at the time, together with representatives of the seven other implementing organisations involved in the pilot, were brought together to compile their learnings and document a proposed common model for implementation from 2005 into other communities. OIL’s model and uncompromising standards of peer education were recognized for future programmes to learn from and model. Challenges for future implementers include accessing financial sustainability, community buy and combatting HIV related attitudes / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Weinig beskikbare voorkomingsprogramme is tans op die jeug en toekomstige leiers gerig. In ander lande in Suider-Arika word voorkomingsprogramme sterk op die jeug gevestig ten einde die visie van 'n Vigsvrye generasie in die toekoms te probeer verwesentlik. Hierdie studie is as 'n gevallestudie opgeskryf met sterk klem op 'n volwasse opvoedkundige model en jeugontwikkeling en 'n positiewe fokus op jong opinieleiers, as teikengroep. Die uitkomste van die program is sterk op voorkoming gerig. Die model is ontwikkel deur 'n nie-winsgewende organisasie (NGO), OIL (Reach Out Adolescent Training). Die studie beskryf die ontstaan, metodiek en implementering van OIL en beskryf sekere van die suksesse wat reeds daarmee bereik is. Die teoretiese basis van die OIL program word beskryf. Ook word die belangrikheid van deeglike voorafopleiding en die transformasie wat deur OIL bereik kan word, deeglik op skrif gestel. Die verdere verloop van die opleidingsprogram word uitgespel en voorstelle vir verdere navorsings- en ontwikkelingswerk word aan die hand gedoen.

The problem of this study was to determine if there was a difference in the self-concept of two groups of ninth-grade students when one group received the services of junior and senior students in a Peer Assistance and Leadership class. The results of the Piers-Harris Children's—Self—Concept Scale were used to determine the difference between the mean self-concept scores of the two groups and also to determine if there was a relationship between the criterion variable of the total self-concept score and eight predictor variables as identified by House Bill 1010: Limited English proficiency, age, school attendance, achievement scores two or more years below grade level in reading and mathematics on a norm-referenced test, failure to master any portion of the Texas Educational Assessment of Minimum Skills, failure in two or more subjects, grade retention, and eligibility for free or reduced-price lunch. A total of 105 students, 50 in the experimental group and 55 in the control group, participated. The findings revealed that there was no significant difference in the mean self-concept scores of the two groups. The correlation revealed that there were significant differences between self-concept and the variables of mathematics achievement scores, failing grades, and eligibility for free lunch.

Project (Ed.S.)--James Madison University, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references.

published_or_final_version / abstract / toc / Education / Master / Master of Education

Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2013. / ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The aim of this research study was to look at the challenges which student peer educators face at Stellenbosch University. Semi-structured interviews were done with male and female peer educators who are involved at the Office for Institutional HIV Co-ordination (OIHC), where the peer educators have been recruited and trained. Interviews were done to determine what the peer educators’ experiences are when they work on campus, go out into the community and even when they socialise with their friends. From listening to the peer educators’ experiences it was found that with safe sex messaging there are mixed responses from males and females. According to the peer educators, students would rather purchase another brand of condoms than the Choice condoms distributed on campus. It was also found that males did not have a problem with condoms being placed in their residences, while females had a problem with that. Regarding HIV testing, females are much more open and enthusiastic to go for an HIV test than males. Challenging someone’s risky sexual behaviour is a huge challenge for all peer educators, since behaviour change does not happen easily. Many students also used withdrawal as a form of contraception. In the community peer educators were faced with language barriers and married people were not very enthusiastic to go for an HIV test. Behaviour change is possible, but difficult to bring about. / AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die doel van die navorsingstudie was om te kyk na die uitdagings wat studente portuurgroep-opleiers ervaar by Stellenbosch Universiteit. Semi-gestruktureerde onderhoude is gedoen met manlike en vroulike portuurgroep-opleiers wie betrokke is by die Kantoor vir Institusionele MIV Ko-ordinering, waar die portuurgroep-opleiers opleiding ontvang het. Onderhoude is gedoen om te bepaal wat die portuurgroep-opleiers se ervarings was wanneer hulle gewerk het op kampus, in die gemeenskap, of met hulle vriende gekuier het. Deur na die portuurgroep-opleiers se ervarings te luister is daar gevind dat deur die oordra van veilige seks boodskappe daar gemengde reaksies was by mans en vroue. Volgens die portuurgroep-opleiers sal studente liewer ander kondome koop en gebruik as die Choice kondome wat op kampus versprei word. Daar is ook gevind dat mans in die koshuise nie ’n probleem gehad het as daar kondome in hulle koshuis geplaas word nie, terwyl vroue wel ’n probleem daarmee het. Wat MIV toetse betref was vroue meer entoesiasties om vir ‘n MIV toets te gaan as mans. Om iemand se seksuele gedrag uit te daag is baie moeilik aangesien gedragsverandering nie so maklik gebeur nie. Baie studente gebruik ook “withdrawal” as ‘n tipe voorbehoedmiddel. In die gemeenskap was daar taal probleme wat portuurgroep-opleiers ondervind het sowel as getroude mense wat nie optimisties was om vir ‘n MIV toets te gaan nie. Gedragsverandering is moontlik, maar baie moeilik.

Preventing teenagers’ pregnancies and improving teenagers’ reproductive health are important as pregnancies in teenagers still represent an important health challenge in Cameroon. The purpose of this dissertation of a limited scope was to describe the perception of peer educators who underwent the ‘100% young’ peer education training and the effect it had on their own sexual behaviour. A qualitative descriptive, explorative and contextual research design was conducted. Data collection was done using in-depth interviews. Fifteen peer educators were purposively selected. Two questions were asked namely; please describe how you perceived the peer education training that you underwent and, describe how this training affected your own sexual behaviour. Findings revealed that participants had a positive education experience, positive personal growth and for many, that was enough to become mentors for their peers and build awareness. Recommendations propose that interventions such as the ‘100% young’ are urgently required to prevent teenage pregnancy. / Health Studies / M.P.H.

The purpose of this study is to tell the story of how four peer helpers within the Unisa Peer Help Volunteer Programme managed their portfolio development processes to monitor their growth and development which took place as a result of their involvement in peer helper activities. The epistemological framework of this study is interpretive and involved in-depth interviews with four peer helpers who rendered volunteer services at the University of South Africa and have been developing their career portfolios over a period of time. Hermeneutics was the method used to analyse the data. The stories of the four participants were transcribed and retold by the researcher in the form of themes that emerged. This study contained the stories of how the participants initially struggled to understand the concept and purpose of portfolios; how they took charge of the process; and how their attitudes changed from uncertainty and confusion to viewing the process as worthwhile - thus enabling them to commit themselves, to varying degrees, to the development of their individual portfolios. Recurring themes present in all four stories were described in the researcher's story of the participants' stories. The information generated by this study could serve as guidelines for not only peer helpers interested in developing their own portfolios, but also for project leaders involved in the management of peer helper groups and who plan to implement portfolios in their programmes. / Psychology / M.A. (Psychology)

The pastor‘s own well-being is essential in order to attend to the spiritual well-being of others. Therefor pastors need to be cared for. I have found in transgeneration, narrative as well as participation-action-research, convergent within a threefold approach, a workable tool for caring, with pastors. But then we actually need a paradigm shift from a therapeutic towards a participatory mutual care approach within an African context. The focus is placed on pastoral attitude rather than specialised theories and prescribed techniques. This pastoral attitude is to be found within friendship related to the Celtic anamchara relationship. Particitatory pastoral care is not knowledge or skills for therapeutic practices as such, but rather a self emptying on a participatory journey, seeking unique outcomes. / Practical Theology / D. Th. (Practical Theology)