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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Réseaux d’autorité, islam, institutions politiques : Les « hommes forts » jawara de Banten (Indonésie) / Networks of authority, Islam, political institutions : The "strong men" jawara of Banten (Indonesia)

Facal, Gabriel 26 October 2012 (has links)
La thèse porte sur les rapports entre réseaux d'autorité et institutions politiques dans la province de Banten en Indonésie. L'auteur examine particulièrement la position qu'occupent les « hommes forts » jawara et les chefs religieux kiai au sein de ces rapports. L'étude a pour axe de comparaison le village de Rancalame, réputé pour son école de penca, lequel se présente comme une initiation rituelle comprenant des techniques de combat et est ancré sous des formes diverses en Insulinde. Les règles ancestrales de l'école de Rancalame stipulent que les initiés doivent œuvrer pour développer l'école tout en maintenant pérennes les valeurs qui leur sont associées et forment un éthos du « jawarisme ». Les activités du village et de l'école, ainsi que les ramifications qui ont été créées à partir des années 1970 sont décrites en première partie. Cette comparaison porte sur les dynamiques internes des écoles, leur organisation en réseau, ainsi que les rapports différenciés qu'elles entretiennent avec les structures politiques. Celles-ci comprennent les institutions politiques d'État ainsi que des « groupes d'influence » situés à l'interface entre ces dernières et les réseaux d'autorité décrits précédemment. Pour comprendre les glissements repérés dans les écoles de penca, la seconde partie de la thèse est centrée sur l'évolution historique des réseaux de jawara au niveau régional. Ceci permet de cadrer leur inclusion dans les dynamiques supra-locales et de spécifier leur rôle depuis l'époque coloniale jusqu'à aujourd'hui, en passant par la période du centralisme d'État suhartoïste. / The thesis concerns the relationship between authority networks and political institutions in the province of Banten in Indonesia. The author examines particularly the position that the "strong men" jawara and the religious leaders kiai occupy within these relationships. The study has for axis of comparison the village of Rancalame, renowned for its school of penca, which appears as a ritual initiation including fighting techniques and is present in diverse forms in the Malay world. The ancestral rules of the school of Rancalame stipulate that the initiated have to work at developing the school while maintaining the values which are associated with them and form a "jawarism" ethos. The activities of the village and the school, as well as the ramifications which were created from the 1970s are described in the first part. This comparison concerns the internal dynamics of the schools, their organization in network, as well as differentiated relationships that they maintain with the political structures. These include the political State institutions as well as “groups of influence” situated in the interface between these last ones and the networks of authority described previously. To understand the transformations spotted in the schools of penca, the second part of the thesis is focused on the historic evolution of the networks of jawara at the regional level. This allows to measure their inclusion in the above local dynamics and to specify their role since the colonial period until today, going through the period of the suhartoïst centralized State.
2

Adobe estabilizado con mucílago de penca de tuna, resistentes al contacto con el agua para la construcción de viviendas populares empleados en la sierra del Perú

Nieto Palomino, Lucero Antuhane, Tello Perez, Edna Florencia 15 November 2019 (has links)
La presente investigación aborda la estabilización del adobe a través de la utilización de mucílago de penca de tuna con el fin de mejorar sus propiedades físicas como material de construcción. En la actualidad, el adobe es unos de los materiales más usados en la elaboración de viviendas en la Sierra del Perú por ser económico y de fácil adquisición; no obstante, este material al entrar en contacto con el agua pierde resistencia y durabilidad. Por tal motivo, esta tesis tiene como objetivo diseñar una unidad de albañilería de adobe estabilizado con mucílago de penca de tuna con el fin de prolongar la vida útil de las viviendas populares. Para validar esta investigación se realizaron diversos ensayos, para el suelo ensayos preliminares, de campo y laboratorio, para el mucilago ensayos de densidad y viscosidad; las unidades de adobes estabilizados y convencionales se analizaron través de ensayos mecánicos y físicos con la finalidad de comparar sus resultados. Los resultados obtenidos reflejaron que la unidad estabilizada presenta mejores resultados que el adobe convencional, se identificó que las dos mejores dosificaciones D: 20.5% y D: 18.0 % obtuvieron en compresión 23.3 kg/cm2 y 25.2 kg/cm2, en flexión 17.62 kg/cm2 y 17.61 kg/cm2, en absorción 10.99% y 11.43%, en inmersión se clasificó con daños leves y en la prueba de chorro de agua con 4.89 mm y 5.31 mm de profundidad de penetración respectivamente. / This investigation presents the stabilization of the adobe thanks to the use of prickly pear mucilage to improve its physical properties as a building material. Nowadays, adobe is one of the most used materials in the elaboration of houses in the mountains of Perú because it is economical and easy to acquire; however, when this material comes into contact with water, it loses strength and durability. For this reason, this thesis aims to design a stabilized of adobe masonry stabilized with mucilage of prickly in order to prolong the life of popular homes. In order to validate this investigation, several tests were carried out, for the soil preliminary, field trials and laboratory tests, and for the mucilage of prickly pear leaves with density and viscosity tests; for the stabilized and conventional adobe units, they were analyzed through mechanical and physical tests in order to compare their results. The results obtained in each trial reflected that the unit incorporated with mucilage of prickly has better results than conventional adobe, it was possible to identify that the two best dosages D: 20.5% and D: 18.0% obtained in the compression 23.3 kg / cm2 and 25.2 kg / cm2, in flexion 17.62 kg / cm2 and 17.61 kg / cm2, in absorption 10.99% and 11.43%, in immersion it was classified with slight damages and in the water jet test with 4.89 mm and 5.31 mm of depth of penetration respectively. / Tesis

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