Orientador: Lin Chau Ming / Coorientador: Izabel de Carvalho / Banca: Maristela Simões do Carmo / Banca: Maria Christina de Mello Amorozo / Banca: Sandra Maria Pereira da Silva / Banca: Gutemberg Diniz Guerra / Resumo: Capsicum L. é o gênero botânico da família Solanaceae que abrange as pimentas e pimentões, hortícolas originárias do continente americano. Neste trabalho, efetuou-se um levantamento etnobotânico voltado a compreender a importância dessas plantas no cotidiano dos moradores do Cabeça D‟Onça, uma localidade de várzea, situada à margem do rio Amazonas. Pertencente ao município de Santarém, Estado do Pará, a comunidade é constituída por aproximadamente 330 habitantes. Ao todo, foram entrevistadas 116 pessoas, residentes em 70 domicílios. Das quatro espécies de Capsicum ocorrentes no Brasil, três cultivam-se na área de estudo: C. frutescens, C. chinense e C. annuum (C. annuum var. annuum e C. annuum var. glabriusculum). As informações concernentes aos diferentes propósitos de uso das pimentas, recolhidas mediante entrevistas semi-estruturadas, foram compiladas pormenorizadamente, valorizando as concepções dos entrevistados a respeito dessas plantas e de seus modos de aproveitamento, organizados dentro de sete "categorias de uso": "condimentar"; "medicinal"; "repelente"; "ritual"; "ofensivo"; "estimulante para animais" e "ornamental". Na segunda etapa do trabalho, entrevistas estruturadas realizaram-se em 40 domicílios, com 80 pessoas (40 casais), para se determinar quais as indicações das pimentas eram mais conhecidas na área de estudo. Registrou-se, assim, um número grande de usos, mais precisamente da "malagueta" (C. frutescens), relacionados ao modo de vida ligado ao ambiente da várzea. Além do seu emprego na condimentação de peixes, destacam-se algumas destinações da espécie, citadas por mais de 85% dos entrevistados, tais como para repelentes de botos que... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Capiscum L. is the botanical genus of the Solanaceae family which includes peppers and green peppers, horticolas originally native to the Americas. An ethnobotanical study aimed at understanding the importance of these plants in the daily life of the people of Cabeça D‟Onça, an area in the Amazon River floodplain, was carried out for this thesis. The community of approximately 330 residents is situated in the municipality of Santarém, Pará State. In total, 116 people from 70 households were interviewed for this work. Of the four Capiscum species found in Brazil three are cultivated in the study area: C. frutescens, C. chinense e C. annuum (C. annuum var. annuum e C. annuum var. glabriusculum). Information regarding the uses of these peppers was collected in semi-structured interviews and compiled in detail. The interviewees‟ conceptions regarding the plants and their uses were faithfully respected, with the latter organized into seven "categories of usage", as follows: "seasoning", "medicinal", "repellent", "ritual", "offensive", "stimulant for animals" and "ornamental". In the second phase of the study, structured interviews were carried out in 40 households with 80 people (40 couples) to determine the most commonly-known uses of the peppers in the study area. A high number of different uses was noted, particularly of the malagueta / chilli pepper (C. frutescens), related to lifestyle in the floodplain environment. Beyond of... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Doutor

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Biofertilizer (or microbial soil inoculants) may be used to reduce current fertilizer inputs (organic or conventional methods), while maintaining or improving crop plant growth and yield. Pseudomonas putida is a plant-growth promoting rhizobacterium (PGPR) that solubilizes inorganic phosphorous or mineralizes organic phosphates, produces siderophores (enhancing Fe availability for plants, reducing Fe access to pathogenic fungi), and is known to improve plant growth by assisting with nutrient availability, synthesis of plant hormones (indole acetic acid regulation production and/or degradation, or ethylene regulation through aminocyclopropane carboxylate deaminase activity), and acts as a biological control of several plant pathogens and pests (Rhizoctonia solani, Bemisia tabaci). Recommendations for inoculum population density, application timing, and species of PGPR, vary mainly based on geographic and weather conditions, and their relationship to each horticultural crop, which needs to be better understood. Two studies were conducted in 2014 and 2015 at the Southern Illinois Horticulture Research Center to determine the optimum application timing and dosage of Pseudomonas putida strains 17-29 and G11-32 to improve plant growth and yield on two important horticultural crops: field grown ‘Revolution’ bell peppers and greenhouse grown ‘Rocky Top’ determinate tomatoes. Field pepper results indicated that the inoculum population density increased early-season vigor, plant height and stem caliper (P < 0.05), as well as late-season plant vigor, height (cm), leaf chlorophyll index (SPAD), and stem caliper (mm) (P < 0.05) for inoculum population density. Although early harvests (first two harvests) fruit yield increased with rhizobacteria inoculum population density (P < 0.05) for total fruit weight (2014, 2015) and number (2014), late-season fruit yields (last three harvests) were not affected. Combined fruit yield total weight (all five harvests) also increased (P < 0.05) by inoculum population density in the order: 10^0 < 10^3 < 10^5 < 10^7 < 10^9. It appears that higher early-season and combined harvest yields were higher resulting from increasing inoculum population densities were greater due to increased early season growth from the bacterial treatments during plug growth phase. Tomato results indicated that inoculum population density increased early growth and late growth vigor, height (cm), leaf chlorophyll index (SPAD), leaf number, flower number, fresh leaf weight (g), fresh stem weight, and dry leaf weight (P < 0.05). Tomato growth was effected by inoculum population density treatment however, yields differences were not observed.

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M.Tech. Agriculture / Sweet peppers (Capsicum annuum L.) are also known as bell peppers or capsicum belonging to the family Solanaceae. The sweet pepper contains various bioactive compounds along with significant amounts of beta-carotene (provitamin-A) and other similar compounds. This technological study was carried out to investigate the influence of photo-selective nets (ChromatiNet™) (red, pearl and yellow), with 40% shading effect, on the morphological parameters (plant height, leaf chlorophyll, stem diameter, leaf area, number of leaves, number of flowers, number of fruit, fruit weight, marketable yield, and pest and disease incidence, the fruit quality parameters (fruit mass, firmness, colour, soluble solids content and titratable acidity) and health promoting compounds (ascorbic acid, lycopene content, β-carotene, total phenols and flavonoids, and antioxidant scavenging activity) of three selected sweet pepper cultivars at harvest maturity stage. The commercially used black net (25% shading) was also included for comparison measures (control). The photosynthetically active radiation, air temperature and relative humidity were monitored throughout the growing period.

Exogenous application of BA (0, 50, 100 mg ul--1) had no significant effects on tolerance of chili peppers to salt (--0.75 MPa NaCl:CaCl₂, 3:1, w/w) as measured by vegetative and reproductive weights, numbers of reproductive structures, transpiration and total chlorophyll. When peppers were applied with microliter amounts of ¹⁴C labelled benzyladenine (BA; 44,400 dpm 1⁻¹), BA was translocated primarily acropetally from the site of application. Regardless of application site, translocated BA was ported primarily to expanding leaves, and BA was more readily absorbed by leaf as opposed to stem surfaces. Exogenous application of BA (0, 50, 100 mg ul⁻¹) had no significant effects on tolerance of chili peppers to salt (-0.75 MPa NaCl:CaCl₂, 3:1, w/w) as measured by vegetative and reproductive weights, numbers of reproductive structures, transpiration and total chlorophyll.