This record of study is an examination of the personal costs negotiated by three African American women central office educational leaders. The focus is to identify the personal costs that these women experience as they work as leaders in three different urban educational settings. The purpose of this study is to give voice to these women and to promote the utilization of their knowledge and skills by identifying the costs, consequences of the costs and the ways these women cope, as well as to provide research for the small number of African American female central office leaders. This qualitative study included some of my experiences related to personal costs as well, since I share race and gender characteristics with the women participants and was an integral part of this research study. In addition I used feminist and Black feminist epistemology to guide my work. To access the data, I interviewed each woman twice in a location of her choice. The interviews were audio-taped and then transcribed. The transcriptions were read and re-read and the data unitized. The data were coded by the action or type of experience. Data were compiled into categories and then within each category subcategories were noted. The categories were derived from a combination of codes emerging from the data as well as core themes of Black feminist epistemology. The women in my study were well educated; two of them had doctoral degrees. They noted cost associated with their work as professionals as well as costs associated with their families and home life. Some identified costs were reduced time with families, health issues, few mentors, the scrutiny and burden of being the only African American female on their level in their organizations and salary inequities. To manage the costs the women utilized hired assistance, utilized the support of family and friends, were prayerful and maintained a commitment which centered on the vocation of children‟s education. Recommendations for solutions include a collective sponsorship to address the costs. In addition, it is in the best interest of everyone in schools to have more women like these leaders.

This record of study is an examination of the personal costs negotiated by three African American women central office educational leaders. The focus is to identify the personal costs that these women experience as they work as leaders in three different urban educational settings. The purpose of this study is to give voice to these women and to promote the utilization of their knowledge and skills by identifying the costs, consequences of the costs and the ways these women cope, as well as to provide research for the small number of African American female central office leaders. This qualitative study included some of my experiences related to personal costs as well, since I share race and gender characteristics with the women participants and was an integral part of this research study. In addition I used feminist and Black feminist epistemology to guide my work. To access the data, I interviewed each woman twice in a location of her choice. The interviews were audio-taped and then transcribed. The transcriptions were read and re-read and the data unitized. The data were coded by the action or type of experience. Data were compiled into categories and then within each category subcategories were noted. The categories were derived from a combination of codes emerging from the data as well as core themes of Black feminist epistemology. The women in my study were well educated; two of them had doctoral degrees. They noted cost associated with their work as professionals as well as costs associated with their families and home life. Some identified costs were reduced time with families, health issues, few mentors, the scrutiny and burden of being the only African American female on their level in their organizations and salary inequities. To manage the costs the women utilized hired assistance, utilized the support of family and friends, were prayerful and maintained a commitment which centered on the vocation of children‟s education. Recommendations for solutions include a collective sponsorship to address the costs. In addition, it is in the best interest of everyone in schools to have more women like these leaders.

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Thesis is focusing on the possible personal costs and is acquainting with their accounting and tax issues. It is analyzing the tax part of costs and their interception in accounting system. First part of the thesis is focused on compact overview of legal definition of accounting in Czech Republic and its principles and purposes for business activities. Further is describing a system of remuneration via wages, salaries and employee’s amenities and is explaining the group of accounts 52 – Personal costs issues in the connection with their tax aspects. The objective of diploma thesis is also defining mission allowances with relating valide.

The diploma thesis characterizes pension insurance in the Czech Republic. It presents the possibilities of employees' wage increase in a selected organization. The realization of the increase is made by employer's financial contributions for pension insurance. These contributions are aimed at the cost savings of the selected organization. The present work deals also with the selection of the most optimal pension fund according to the assigned criteria.

This master’s thesis defines conditions for a family business in the Czech Republic, Austria and Germany. It characterizes enterprise’s forms used in each of these countries, their tax systems, other obligatory payments to the state budget and financing forms. It compares the backgrounds of family business activities and it defines problems that the family business has to solve.

The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the financial demands of actual motivation program in a chosen company, to analyze it, compare and to describe the development of benefits provided by the company in the course of time in the terms of costs. Next was to find and identify linkages and connections between employee benefits and economic variables of the company and to describe their potential interactions. It was proved that the actual motivational program is very financially demanding for the company considering the deteriorating economic results in last years. It was suggested that if this economy trend continues, it would be better to lower the amount of provided benefits despite their undeniable stabilization effect. It was proved that the company is orientated to tax and insurance advantaged benefits. This can bring the savings in the field of labor costs, on the other hand the increase of additional costs which come from unclear tax system. It showed, that the benefits as well as the wages adapt to economic reality very slowly and also their structure changed according to economic results, from benefits orientated to consumption during economically successful years to the long term responsible benefits during the years of economic decline.