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An important part of stereo vision consists of finding and matching points in two images which correspond to the same physical element in the scene. We show that zeros of curvature of curves are perspective projection invariants and can therefore be used to find corresponding points. They can be used to help solve the registration problem (Longuet-Higgins, 1982) and to obtain the correct depth when a curve enters the forbidden zone (Krol and van de Grind, 1982). They are also relevant to theories for representing image curves. We consider the stability of these zeros of curvature.

This thesis considers the problem of tracking an object in world coordinates using measurements obtained from multiple uncalibrated cameras. A general approach to track the location of a target involves different phases including calibrating the camera, detecting the object's feature points over frames, tracking the object over frames and analyzing object's motion and behavior. The approach contains two stages. First, the problem of camera calibration using a calibration object is studied. This approach retrieves the camera parameters from the known locations of ground data in 3D and their corresponding image coordinates. The next important part of this work is to develop an automated system to estimate the trajectory of the object in 3D from image sequences. This is achieved by combining, adapting and integrating several state-of-the-art algorithms. Synthetic data based on a nearly constant velocity object motion model is used to evaluate the performance of camera calibration and state estimation algorithms.

This thesis presents the development of a surveillance testbed using wireless sensors and video cameras for vehicle detection and tracking. The experimental study includes testbed design and discusses some of the implementation issues in using wireless sensors and video cameras for a practical application. A group of sensor devices equipped with light sensors are used to detect and localize the position of moving vehicle. Background subtraction method is used to detect the moving vehicle from the video sequences. Vehicle centroid is calculated in each frame. A non-linear minimization method is used to estimate the perspective transformation which project 3D points to 2D image points. Vehicle location estimates from three cameras are fused to form a single trajectory representing the vehicle motion. Experimental results using both sensors and cameras are presented. Average error between vehicle location estimates from the cameras and the wireless sensors is around 0.5ft.

This diploma thesis deals with the creation of interactive tools for 3D computer graphics. The introduction of the thesis focuses on general theory of curves and surfaces and its mathematical description. The topics of Geometric transformation, Perspective projection and Parametric description of 3-dimensional surface are analysed in more detail. The successive chapter deals with the subject of visualisation of spatial objects in Java platform interface. The practical part describes the implementation of individual applets. JAVA programming language, which uses the library functions JOGL, was employed for the very realization of the interactive tools. The goal of the diploma thesis is the creation of a set of interactive applets in the field of computer graphics. These applets will be placed on the website of the faculty and they will serve students of VUT in Brno to improve the quality of education.