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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Cytological criteria distinguishing phyllodes tumour of the breast from fibroadenoma

Maritz, Robert, Myles January 2015 (has links)
A research report submitted to the Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg; in partial fulfillment for the degree of Master of Medicine (Anatomical Pathology) 2015. / Cytological criteria distinguishing phyllodes tumour of the breast from fibroadenoma. Fibroepithelial lesions of the breast include fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumours. Fibroadenomas are benign tumours, whereas phyllodes tumours range from benign, indolent neoplasms to malignant tumours capable of distant metastasis and occasionally resulting in death. The aim of this study was to determine whether there are statistically significant differences between fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumours with regard to selected cytological features. A ten year retrospective review was performed of patients who had an excision of a fibroadenoma or phyllodes tumour, and on whom a pre-operative fine needle aspirate was performed. The following cytological criteria were assessed: number of stromal and epithelial fragments, stromal to epithelial ratio, stromal cellularity, Stromal borders, stromal atypia and proportion of background wavy spindled cells. The patient age, tumour laterality and tumour size were recorded. Fifty fibroadenomas and 17 phyllodes tumours were included. When compared with phyllodes tumours, fibroadenomas had a larger number of epithelial fragments, a smaller number of stromal fragments and a lower stromal to epithelial ratio. The stroma tended to be less cellular and less atypical compared with phyllodes tumours and the background cellular population contained less spindled cells. Fibroadenomas and phyllodes tumours differ with regard to various cytological features, possibly aiding in their distinction on fine needle aspiration biopsy. / AC2016
2

Prevalência da mutação germinativa TP53 p.R337H em indivíduos com tumores do espectro da Síndrome de Li-Fraumeni

Giacomazzi, Juliana January 2012 (has links)
Introdução: Estudos prévios têm indicado que uma mutação germinativa específica no gene TP53, p.R337H está associada a efeito fundador no Brasil e é muito frequente entre certos tipos tumorais. Objetivos e Metodologia: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a prevalência da mutação germinativa TP53 p.R337H em indivíduos com tumores do espectro da Síndrome de Li-Fraumeni (SLF) e/ou Li- Fraumeni-Like (LFL) divididos em diferentes grupos: (1) mulheres com câncer de mama (CM) subdivididas em 2 subgrupos: (a) com critérios para síndromes de predisposição hereditária ao câncer, exceto para SLF/LFL; (b) não selecionadas para história familiar (HF), diagnosticadas antes dos 45 e após 55 anos de idade em diferentes regiões do país; (2) mulheres com tumores phyllodes da mama, diagnosticadas em diferentes idades e não selecionadas para HF da doença nas regiões Sul e Sudeste; (3) crianças com tumores do espectro da SLF/LFL, não selecionadas para HF e atendidas em um Serviço de Oncologia Pediátrica do Sul do país. Adicionalmente, foi investigada a presença do haplótipo fundador brasileiro nos portadores da mutação TP53 p.R337H. No grupo 3 foi ainda avaliada a prevalência de critérios para SLF/LFL e a presença de outras mutações germinativas no gene TP53. Resultados: No subgrupo 1A foram incluídas 59 mulheres das quais 2 eram portadoras da mutação TP53 p.R337H, ambas com HF exclusivamente para a Síndrome de Prediposição Hereditária ao Câncer de Mama e Ovário no momento do recrutamento. No subrupo 1B foram incluídas 815 mulheres (403 com CM N45 anos e 412 casos com CM O 55 anos) provenientes de 25 diferentes Estados do Brasil. A mutação foi encontrada em 8,6% (70/815) dos casos, sendo observada diferença significativa na frequência de acordo com o centro de recrutamento. Em todos centros, a mutação foi mais frequente em mulheres com CM antes dos 45 anos. Análise do tecido tumoral de 15 portadoras evidenciou perda de heterozigosidade (LOH) em apenas 2 casos. Os tumores de mama de mulheres portadoras apresentavam mais frequentemente alguma expressão de HER2 (1+, 2+ ou 3+). No grupo 2, foram incluídas 148 mulheres com tumores phyllodes da mama e 8 (5,4%) apresentaram a mutação, sendo mais frequente entre os tumores malignos (3/13; 23%) quando comparada aos benignos (5/128; 3.4%). No grupo 3 foram incluídas 292 crianças diagnosticadas com tumores do espectro da SLF/LFL, das quais 25,3% tinham critérios para SLF/LFL. O sequenciamento completo e pesquisa de rearranjos gênicos de TP53 em 48 das crianças com câncer e critérios estritos para LFL evidenciou apenas um caso com uma mutação clássica – p.G245S. A mutação TP53 p.R337H foi identificada somente entre os casos com carcinoma adrenocortical (9/11; 81,8%) e de plexo coróide (2/2; 100%), correspondendo a 3,8% da amostra total. Um dos casos de carcinoma adrenocortical apresentou a mutação TP53 p.R337H em homozigose. Todos tumores de portadores analisados (n=8) apresentaram LOH. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a mutação germinativa TP53 p.R337H ocorre em mulheres brasileiras com CM em diferentes faixas etárias, independente da HF de câncer. Em mulheres com fenótipo de CM hereditário sem critérios para SLF/LFL a mesma também foi observada. A freqüência da mutação foi variável de acordo com o centro de recrutamento, sendo identificada em todas as regiões brasileiras. Os tumores de mama de pacientes portadoras da mutação têm um perfil peculiar, com baixa frequência de LOH e presença de alguma expressão de HER2. A mutação p.R337H ocorre em tumores phyllodes da mama benignos e especialmente malignos, confirmando a hipótese prévia de associação de mutações germinativas em TP53 com estes tumores. Entre crianças com tumores do espectro SLF/LFL de um centro de referência no Sul do Brasil, um percentual significativo tem indicação para teste de mutações em TP53, no entanto, na maioria destes casos não se identifica mutação germinativa no gene. A mutação TP53 p.R337H ocorre em elevada frequência na linhagem germinativa de crianças com carcinomas adrenocortical e de plexo coróide, como descrito em outras regiões brasileiras. Por fim, o haplótipo fundador foi identificado em todos portadores da mutação analisados, incluindo 3 casos das regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste do país. A mutação TP53 p.R337H está associada a efeito fundador no Brasil e tem importante contribuição na gênese de tumores de mama, bem como de carcinomas adrenocortical e de plexo coróide no Sul do país. / Introduction: Previous studies have reported that a specific germline mutation in TP53, p.R337H, is associated with a founder effect and is common among certain tumor types. Objectives and Methodology: Assess the prevalence of TP53 p.R337H germline mutation in subjects with tumors of the Li-Fraumeni/ Li-Fraumeni- Like (LFS/LFL) spectrum divided into different groups: (1) women diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) subdivided into 2 subgroups: (a) with criteria for hereditary predisposition syndromes, except for LFS/LFL (b) unselected for family history (FH) diagnosed at or before 45 years and at or after 55 years recruited in different regions of the country; (2) women with phyllodes breast tumors, diagnosed at different ages and not selected for FH of the disease from the South and Southeast of Brazil; (3) children with tumors of the LFS/LFL spectrum and not selected for FH of the disease from a Pediatric Oncology Service in South Brazil. In addition, presence of the founder Brazilian haplotype in mutation carriers identified in groups 1, 2 and 3 was assessed. Finally, in group 3, prevalence of LFS/LFL criteria and presence of other germline TP53 mutations were investigated. Results: In subgroup 1A, 59 women were included and two of these were mutation carriers, both had a FH consistent only with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome at recruitment. In subgroup 1B, 815 women (403 cases diagnosed N 45 years and 412 cases, O 55 years) were included from 25 different Brazilian States. The TP53 p.R377H mutation was found in 8.6% (70/815), and significant differences in mutation frequency were observed according to recruitment center. In all centers the mutation was more frequent in women diagnosed with BC at or before 45 years. Analysis of tumor tissue of 15 carriers showed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in only 2 cases. Breast tumors of carriers showed, more frequently, some expression of HER2. In group 2 were included 148 women with breast phyllodes tumors and 8 (5.4%) were p.R337H carriers, which was most common among malignant phyllodes tumors (3/13, 23%) when compared to benign (5/128, 3.4%). In the group 3, 292 children with tumors of the LFS/LFL spectrum were included, and 25.3% of these had criteria for LFS/LFL. TP53 gene sequencing and rearrangement testing in 48 children with the more strict criteria for the syndrome identified a classic germline mutation, p.G245S, in only one proband. The TP53 p.R337H mutation was identified only among patients with adrenocortical carcinoma (9/11, 81.8%) and choroid plexus carcinoma (2/2, 100%), corresponding to 3.8% of the total sample. One of the patients with adrenocortical carcinoma was homozygous mutant. All tumors of TP53 p.R37H carriers analyzed (n=8) showed LOH. Conclusion: We conclude that the TP53 p.R337H germline mutation occurs in Brazilian women with BC in different age groups, regardless of BC FH. In women with hereditary BC without criteria for LFS/LFL criteria, it was also observed. The mutation frequency varied according to the recruiting center and carriers were identified in all Brazilian regions. Breast tumors of carriers have a peculiar profile, with low frequency of LOH and the presence of HER2 expression. The mutation was present, also, in benign and especially malignant phyllodes tumors, confirming the previous hypothesis of an association between germline mutations in the TP53 gene and these specific tumors. Among children with tumors of the LFS/LFL spectrum from a Oncopediatrics referral center in South Brazil, a significant percentage fulfills criteria for TP53 mutation testing, however, in most of these cases, no germline mutations were identified. The TP53 p.R337H mutation occurs in high frequency in the germline of children with adrenocortical and choroid plexus carcinomas, as described in other Brazilian regions. Finally the founder haplotype was identified in all mutation carriers analyzed, including 3 cases from the Northern, Northeastern and Midwestern Brazilian regions. The TP53 p.R337H mutation is associated with a founder effect in Brazil and has an important contribution in the genesis of breast tumors in the country, as well as adrenocortical and choroid plexus carcinomas in the Southern region of the country.
3

Prevalência da mutação germinativa TP53 p.R337H em indivíduos com tumores do espectro da Síndrome de Li-Fraumeni

Giacomazzi, Juliana January 2012 (has links)
Introdução: Estudos prévios têm indicado que uma mutação germinativa específica no gene TP53, p.R337H está associada a efeito fundador no Brasil e é muito frequente entre certos tipos tumorais. Objetivos e Metodologia: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a prevalência da mutação germinativa TP53 p.R337H em indivíduos com tumores do espectro da Síndrome de Li-Fraumeni (SLF) e/ou Li- Fraumeni-Like (LFL) divididos em diferentes grupos: (1) mulheres com câncer de mama (CM) subdivididas em 2 subgrupos: (a) com critérios para síndromes de predisposição hereditária ao câncer, exceto para SLF/LFL; (b) não selecionadas para história familiar (HF), diagnosticadas antes dos 45 e após 55 anos de idade em diferentes regiões do país; (2) mulheres com tumores phyllodes da mama, diagnosticadas em diferentes idades e não selecionadas para HF da doença nas regiões Sul e Sudeste; (3) crianças com tumores do espectro da SLF/LFL, não selecionadas para HF e atendidas em um Serviço de Oncologia Pediátrica do Sul do país. Adicionalmente, foi investigada a presença do haplótipo fundador brasileiro nos portadores da mutação TP53 p.R337H. No grupo 3 foi ainda avaliada a prevalência de critérios para SLF/LFL e a presença de outras mutações germinativas no gene TP53. Resultados: No subgrupo 1A foram incluídas 59 mulheres das quais 2 eram portadoras da mutação TP53 p.R337H, ambas com HF exclusivamente para a Síndrome de Prediposição Hereditária ao Câncer de Mama e Ovário no momento do recrutamento. No subrupo 1B foram incluídas 815 mulheres (403 com CM N45 anos e 412 casos com CM O 55 anos) provenientes de 25 diferentes Estados do Brasil. A mutação foi encontrada em 8,6% (70/815) dos casos, sendo observada diferença significativa na frequência de acordo com o centro de recrutamento. Em todos centros, a mutação foi mais frequente em mulheres com CM antes dos 45 anos. Análise do tecido tumoral de 15 portadoras evidenciou perda de heterozigosidade (LOH) em apenas 2 casos. Os tumores de mama de mulheres portadoras apresentavam mais frequentemente alguma expressão de HER2 (1+, 2+ ou 3+). No grupo 2, foram incluídas 148 mulheres com tumores phyllodes da mama e 8 (5,4%) apresentaram a mutação, sendo mais frequente entre os tumores malignos (3/13; 23%) quando comparada aos benignos (5/128; 3.4%). No grupo 3 foram incluídas 292 crianças diagnosticadas com tumores do espectro da SLF/LFL, das quais 25,3% tinham critérios para SLF/LFL. O sequenciamento completo e pesquisa de rearranjos gênicos de TP53 em 48 das crianças com câncer e critérios estritos para LFL evidenciou apenas um caso com uma mutação clássica – p.G245S. A mutação TP53 p.R337H foi identificada somente entre os casos com carcinoma adrenocortical (9/11; 81,8%) e de plexo coróide (2/2; 100%), correspondendo a 3,8% da amostra total. Um dos casos de carcinoma adrenocortical apresentou a mutação TP53 p.R337H em homozigose. Todos tumores de portadores analisados (n=8) apresentaram LOH. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a mutação germinativa TP53 p.R337H ocorre em mulheres brasileiras com CM em diferentes faixas etárias, independente da HF de câncer. Em mulheres com fenótipo de CM hereditário sem critérios para SLF/LFL a mesma também foi observada. A freqüência da mutação foi variável de acordo com o centro de recrutamento, sendo identificada em todas as regiões brasileiras. Os tumores de mama de pacientes portadoras da mutação têm um perfil peculiar, com baixa frequência de LOH e presença de alguma expressão de HER2. A mutação p.R337H ocorre em tumores phyllodes da mama benignos e especialmente malignos, confirmando a hipótese prévia de associação de mutações germinativas em TP53 com estes tumores. Entre crianças com tumores do espectro SLF/LFL de um centro de referência no Sul do Brasil, um percentual significativo tem indicação para teste de mutações em TP53, no entanto, na maioria destes casos não se identifica mutação germinativa no gene. A mutação TP53 p.R337H ocorre em elevada frequência na linhagem germinativa de crianças com carcinomas adrenocortical e de plexo coróide, como descrito em outras regiões brasileiras. Por fim, o haplótipo fundador foi identificado em todos portadores da mutação analisados, incluindo 3 casos das regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste do país. A mutação TP53 p.R337H está associada a efeito fundador no Brasil e tem importante contribuição na gênese de tumores de mama, bem como de carcinomas adrenocortical e de plexo coróide no Sul do país. / Introduction: Previous studies have reported that a specific germline mutation in TP53, p.R337H, is associated with a founder effect and is common among certain tumor types. Objectives and Methodology: Assess the prevalence of TP53 p.R337H germline mutation in subjects with tumors of the Li-Fraumeni/ Li-Fraumeni- Like (LFS/LFL) spectrum divided into different groups: (1) women diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) subdivided into 2 subgroups: (a) with criteria for hereditary predisposition syndromes, except for LFS/LFL (b) unselected for family history (FH) diagnosed at or before 45 years and at or after 55 years recruited in different regions of the country; (2) women with phyllodes breast tumors, diagnosed at different ages and not selected for FH of the disease from the South and Southeast of Brazil; (3) children with tumors of the LFS/LFL spectrum and not selected for FH of the disease from a Pediatric Oncology Service in South Brazil. In addition, presence of the founder Brazilian haplotype in mutation carriers identified in groups 1, 2 and 3 was assessed. Finally, in group 3, prevalence of LFS/LFL criteria and presence of other germline TP53 mutations were investigated. Results: In subgroup 1A, 59 women were included and two of these were mutation carriers, both had a FH consistent only with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome at recruitment. In subgroup 1B, 815 women (403 cases diagnosed N 45 years and 412 cases, O 55 years) were included from 25 different Brazilian States. The TP53 p.R377H mutation was found in 8.6% (70/815), and significant differences in mutation frequency were observed according to recruitment center. In all centers the mutation was more frequent in women diagnosed with BC at or before 45 years. Analysis of tumor tissue of 15 carriers showed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in only 2 cases. Breast tumors of carriers showed, more frequently, some expression of HER2. In group 2 were included 148 women with breast phyllodes tumors and 8 (5.4%) were p.R337H carriers, which was most common among malignant phyllodes tumors (3/13, 23%) when compared to benign (5/128, 3.4%). In the group 3, 292 children with tumors of the LFS/LFL spectrum were included, and 25.3% of these had criteria for LFS/LFL. TP53 gene sequencing and rearrangement testing in 48 children with the more strict criteria for the syndrome identified a classic germline mutation, p.G245S, in only one proband. The TP53 p.R337H mutation was identified only among patients with adrenocortical carcinoma (9/11, 81.8%) and choroid plexus carcinoma (2/2, 100%), corresponding to 3.8% of the total sample. One of the patients with adrenocortical carcinoma was homozygous mutant. All tumors of TP53 p.R37H carriers analyzed (n=8) showed LOH. Conclusion: We conclude that the TP53 p.R337H germline mutation occurs in Brazilian women with BC in different age groups, regardless of BC FH. In women with hereditary BC without criteria for LFS/LFL criteria, it was also observed. The mutation frequency varied according to the recruiting center and carriers were identified in all Brazilian regions. Breast tumors of carriers have a peculiar profile, with low frequency of LOH and the presence of HER2 expression. The mutation was present, also, in benign and especially malignant phyllodes tumors, confirming the previous hypothesis of an association between germline mutations in the TP53 gene and these specific tumors. Among children with tumors of the LFS/LFL spectrum from a Oncopediatrics referral center in South Brazil, a significant percentage fulfills criteria for TP53 mutation testing, however, in most of these cases, no germline mutations were identified. The TP53 p.R337H mutation occurs in high frequency in the germline of children with adrenocortical and choroid plexus carcinomas, as described in other Brazilian regions. Finally the founder haplotype was identified in all mutation carriers analyzed, including 3 cases from the Northern, Northeastern and Midwestern Brazilian regions. The TP53 p.R337H mutation is associated with a founder effect in Brazil and has an important contribution in the genesis of breast tumors in the country, as well as adrenocortical and choroid plexus carcinomas in the Southern region of the country.
4

Prevalência da mutação germinativa TP53 p.R337H em indivíduos com tumores do espectro da Síndrome de Li-Fraumeni

Giacomazzi, Juliana January 2012 (has links)
Introdução: Estudos prévios têm indicado que uma mutação germinativa específica no gene TP53, p.R337H está associada a efeito fundador no Brasil e é muito frequente entre certos tipos tumorais. Objetivos e Metodologia: O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar a prevalência da mutação germinativa TP53 p.R337H em indivíduos com tumores do espectro da Síndrome de Li-Fraumeni (SLF) e/ou Li- Fraumeni-Like (LFL) divididos em diferentes grupos: (1) mulheres com câncer de mama (CM) subdivididas em 2 subgrupos: (a) com critérios para síndromes de predisposição hereditária ao câncer, exceto para SLF/LFL; (b) não selecionadas para história familiar (HF), diagnosticadas antes dos 45 e após 55 anos de idade em diferentes regiões do país; (2) mulheres com tumores phyllodes da mama, diagnosticadas em diferentes idades e não selecionadas para HF da doença nas regiões Sul e Sudeste; (3) crianças com tumores do espectro da SLF/LFL, não selecionadas para HF e atendidas em um Serviço de Oncologia Pediátrica do Sul do país. Adicionalmente, foi investigada a presença do haplótipo fundador brasileiro nos portadores da mutação TP53 p.R337H. No grupo 3 foi ainda avaliada a prevalência de critérios para SLF/LFL e a presença de outras mutações germinativas no gene TP53. Resultados: No subgrupo 1A foram incluídas 59 mulheres das quais 2 eram portadoras da mutação TP53 p.R337H, ambas com HF exclusivamente para a Síndrome de Prediposição Hereditária ao Câncer de Mama e Ovário no momento do recrutamento. No subrupo 1B foram incluídas 815 mulheres (403 com CM N45 anos e 412 casos com CM O 55 anos) provenientes de 25 diferentes Estados do Brasil. A mutação foi encontrada em 8,6% (70/815) dos casos, sendo observada diferença significativa na frequência de acordo com o centro de recrutamento. Em todos centros, a mutação foi mais frequente em mulheres com CM antes dos 45 anos. Análise do tecido tumoral de 15 portadoras evidenciou perda de heterozigosidade (LOH) em apenas 2 casos. Os tumores de mama de mulheres portadoras apresentavam mais frequentemente alguma expressão de HER2 (1+, 2+ ou 3+). No grupo 2, foram incluídas 148 mulheres com tumores phyllodes da mama e 8 (5,4%) apresentaram a mutação, sendo mais frequente entre os tumores malignos (3/13; 23%) quando comparada aos benignos (5/128; 3.4%). No grupo 3 foram incluídas 292 crianças diagnosticadas com tumores do espectro da SLF/LFL, das quais 25,3% tinham critérios para SLF/LFL. O sequenciamento completo e pesquisa de rearranjos gênicos de TP53 em 48 das crianças com câncer e critérios estritos para LFL evidenciou apenas um caso com uma mutação clássica – p.G245S. A mutação TP53 p.R337H foi identificada somente entre os casos com carcinoma adrenocortical (9/11; 81,8%) e de plexo coróide (2/2; 100%), correspondendo a 3,8% da amostra total. Um dos casos de carcinoma adrenocortical apresentou a mutação TP53 p.R337H em homozigose. Todos tumores de portadores analisados (n=8) apresentaram LOH. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a mutação germinativa TP53 p.R337H ocorre em mulheres brasileiras com CM em diferentes faixas etárias, independente da HF de câncer. Em mulheres com fenótipo de CM hereditário sem critérios para SLF/LFL a mesma também foi observada. A freqüência da mutação foi variável de acordo com o centro de recrutamento, sendo identificada em todas as regiões brasileiras. Os tumores de mama de pacientes portadoras da mutação têm um perfil peculiar, com baixa frequência de LOH e presença de alguma expressão de HER2. A mutação p.R337H ocorre em tumores phyllodes da mama benignos e especialmente malignos, confirmando a hipótese prévia de associação de mutações germinativas em TP53 com estes tumores. Entre crianças com tumores do espectro SLF/LFL de um centro de referência no Sul do Brasil, um percentual significativo tem indicação para teste de mutações em TP53, no entanto, na maioria destes casos não se identifica mutação germinativa no gene. A mutação TP53 p.R337H ocorre em elevada frequência na linhagem germinativa de crianças com carcinomas adrenocortical e de plexo coróide, como descrito em outras regiões brasileiras. Por fim, o haplótipo fundador foi identificado em todos portadores da mutação analisados, incluindo 3 casos das regiões Norte, Nordeste e Centro-Oeste do país. A mutação TP53 p.R337H está associada a efeito fundador no Brasil e tem importante contribuição na gênese de tumores de mama, bem como de carcinomas adrenocortical e de plexo coróide no Sul do país. / Introduction: Previous studies have reported that a specific germline mutation in TP53, p.R337H, is associated with a founder effect and is common among certain tumor types. Objectives and Methodology: Assess the prevalence of TP53 p.R337H germline mutation in subjects with tumors of the Li-Fraumeni/ Li-Fraumeni- Like (LFS/LFL) spectrum divided into different groups: (1) women diagnosed with breast cancer (BC) subdivided into 2 subgroups: (a) with criteria for hereditary predisposition syndromes, except for LFS/LFL (b) unselected for family history (FH) diagnosed at or before 45 years and at or after 55 years recruited in different regions of the country; (2) women with phyllodes breast tumors, diagnosed at different ages and not selected for FH of the disease from the South and Southeast of Brazil; (3) children with tumors of the LFS/LFL spectrum and not selected for FH of the disease from a Pediatric Oncology Service in South Brazil. In addition, presence of the founder Brazilian haplotype in mutation carriers identified in groups 1, 2 and 3 was assessed. Finally, in group 3, prevalence of LFS/LFL criteria and presence of other germline TP53 mutations were investigated. Results: In subgroup 1A, 59 women were included and two of these were mutation carriers, both had a FH consistent only with Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome at recruitment. In subgroup 1B, 815 women (403 cases diagnosed N 45 years and 412 cases, O 55 years) were included from 25 different Brazilian States. The TP53 p.R377H mutation was found in 8.6% (70/815), and significant differences in mutation frequency were observed according to recruitment center. In all centers the mutation was more frequent in women diagnosed with BC at or before 45 years. Analysis of tumor tissue of 15 carriers showed loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in only 2 cases. Breast tumors of carriers showed, more frequently, some expression of HER2. In group 2 were included 148 women with breast phyllodes tumors and 8 (5.4%) were p.R337H carriers, which was most common among malignant phyllodes tumors (3/13, 23%) when compared to benign (5/128, 3.4%). In the group 3, 292 children with tumors of the LFS/LFL spectrum were included, and 25.3% of these had criteria for LFS/LFL. TP53 gene sequencing and rearrangement testing in 48 children with the more strict criteria for the syndrome identified a classic germline mutation, p.G245S, in only one proband. The TP53 p.R337H mutation was identified only among patients with adrenocortical carcinoma (9/11, 81.8%) and choroid plexus carcinoma (2/2, 100%), corresponding to 3.8% of the total sample. One of the patients with adrenocortical carcinoma was homozygous mutant. All tumors of TP53 p.R37H carriers analyzed (n=8) showed LOH. Conclusion: We conclude that the TP53 p.R337H germline mutation occurs in Brazilian women with BC in different age groups, regardless of BC FH. In women with hereditary BC without criteria for LFS/LFL criteria, it was also observed. The mutation frequency varied according to the recruiting center and carriers were identified in all Brazilian regions. Breast tumors of carriers have a peculiar profile, with low frequency of LOH and the presence of HER2 expression. The mutation was present, also, in benign and especially malignant phyllodes tumors, confirming the previous hypothesis of an association between germline mutations in the TP53 gene and these specific tumors. Among children with tumors of the LFS/LFL spectrum from a Oncopediatrics referral center in South Brazil, a significant percentage fulfills criteria for TP53 mutation testing, however, in most of these cases, no germline mutations were identified. The TP53 p.R337H mutation occurs in high frequency in the germline of children with adrenocortical and choroid plexus carcinomas, as described in other Brazilian regions. Finally the founder haplotype was identified in all mutation carriers analyzed, including 3 cases from the Northern, Northeastern and Midwestern Brazilian regions. The TP53 p.R337H mutation is associated with a founder effect in Brazil and has an important contribution in the genesis of breast tumors in the country, as well as adrenocortical and choroid plexus carcinomas in the Southern region of the country.
5

Ki-67, cd10, cd34, p53, cd117 e mastócitos no diagnóstico diferencial dos fibroadenomas celulares e na graduação dos tumores filóidesz / Ki-67, cd10, cd34, p53, cd117 and mast cells in differential diagnosis of cellular fibroadenomas and in the classfication of phyllodes tumors

Vilela, Maria Helena Tavares 09 October 2013 (has links)
Submitted by Marlene Santos (marlene.bc.ufg@gmail.com) on 2014-09-30T18:51:57Z No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação- Maria Helena Tavares Vilela-2013.pdf: 2276556 bytes, checksum: 772ad6ab585b17765e734a42bc50eb7e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Approved for entry into archive by Jaqueline Silva (jtas29@gmail.com) on 2014-09-30T19:29:06Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação- Maria Helena Tavares Vilela-2013.pdf: 2276556 bytes, checksum: 772ad6ab585b17765e734a42bc50eb7e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2014-09-30T19:29:06Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 Dissertação- Maria Helena Tavares Vilela-2013.pdf: 2276556 bytes, checksum: 772ad6ab585b17765e734a42bc50eb7e (MD5) license_rdf: 23148 bytes, checksum: 9da0b6dfac957114c6a7714714b86306 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2013-10-09 / The proper management of breast phyllodes tumors (PTs) remains challenging, due to the difficulty of the correct preoperative diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of the Ki-67, CD10, CD34, p53, CD117 and the number of mast cells for the differential diagnosis between benign PTs and cellular fibroadenomas (CFs), and also at the grading of PTs. 51 primary PTs and 14 FCs were examined by immunohistochemistry (IH). Through the evaluation of the expression of CD117, greater epithelial expression was found at the FCs and an increased number of mast cells in benign TFs. The stromal expression of the Ki-67, CD10, CD34 and p53 showed relevance to the grading of PTs. / O manejo adequado dos tumores filóides (TFs) mamários continua desafiador, devido à dificuldade do diagnóstico pré-operatório correto. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a utilidade do Ki-67, do CD34, do CD10, do CD117, da p53 e do número de mastócitos no diagnóstico diferencial entre os TFs benignos e fibroadenomas celulares (FCs), bem como na graduação dos TFs. Foram examinados 51 TFs primários e 14 FCs por imunohistoquímica (IH). Na marcação pelo CD117, houve maior expressão epitelial nos FCs e maior número de mastócitos nos TFs benignos. A expressão estromal do Ki-67, da p53, do CD10 e CD34 mostrou-se significante na graduação dosTFs.
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Μελέτη δεικτών επιθηλιακής προς μεσεγχυματική μετατροπή (EMT) σε φυλλοειδείς όγκους μαστού

Ακρίδα, Ιωάννα 01 October 2014 (has links)
Οι φυλλοειδείς όγκοι του μαστού είναι σπάνια διφασικά νεοπλάσματα, με ποικίλου βαθμό κίνδυνο για τοπική υποτροπή και μετάσταση, που αποτελούνται από επιθηλιακό και στρωματικό στοιχείο. Η επιθηλιακή προς μεσεγχυματική μετατροπή, κρίσιμης σημασίας γεγονός κατά την εμβρυογένεση, έχει φανεί ότι συμμετέχει στην παθογένεια της ίνωσης διαφόρων οργάνων καθώς και στη διηθητική και μεταστατική ικανότητα πολλών τύπων καρκινωμάτων. Ο σκοπός της παρούσας μελέτης είναι η διερεύνηση του κατά πόσον το φαινόμενο ΕΜΤ συμμετέχει στην παθογένεια των φυλλοειδών όγκων. Υλικό-Μέθοδος: Η έφραση της Ε-καντχερίνης, της β-κατενίνης και της ILK μελετήθηκε ανοσοϊστοχημικά σε δείγματα μονιμοποιημένα σε φορμόλη και εγκλεισμένα σε παραφίνη από 71 εξαιρεθέντες φυλλοειδείς όγκους, 44 καλοήθεις (62%), 20 ενδιάμεσης κακοήθειας (28%) και 7 κακοήθεις (10%). Διερευνήθηκαν συσχετίσεις με κλινικοπαθολογικές παραμέτρους όπως τον ιστολογικό τύπο των όγκων (καλοήθεις, οριακής κακοήθειας και κακοήθεις). Αποτελέσματα: Στο μη νεοπλασματικό επιθήλιο παρατηρήθηκε μεμβρανικής εντόπισης ανοσοθετικότητα για την Ε-καντχερίνη και τη β-κατενίνη και αρνητική ανοσοχρώση για την ILK. Αντίθετα, στο επιθηλιακό στοιχείο των όγκων παρατηρήθηκε μείωση της μεμβρανικής εντόπισης ανοσοθετικότητας για την Ε-καντχερίνη και τη β-κατενίνη. Η απώλεια της μεμβρανικής Ε-καντχερίνης ήταν μεγαλύτερη στους οριακής κακοήθειας και κακοήθεις όγκους (Kruskal-Wallis test p=0.000). Πυρηνικής και κυτταροπλασματικής εντόπισης ανοσοθετικότητα για την Ε-καντχερίνη και τη β-κατενίνη, καθώς και πυρηνικής και κυτταροπλασματικής εντόπισης ανοσοθετικότητα για την ILK ανιχνεύθηκαν τόσο στο επιθηλιακό όσο και στο στρωματικό στοιχείο των όγκων. Στους οριακής κακοήθειας και κακοήθεις όγκους παρατηρήσαμε στατιστικώς σημαντικά μεγαλύτερη πυρηνική/κυτταροπλασματική ανοσοθετικότητα Ε-καντχερίνης ( Kruskal-Wallis test p=0.013/p=0.006 αντίστοιχα για επιθηλιακά κύτταρα και p=0.017 για στρωματικά κύτταρα) και μεγαλύτερη πυρηνική/κυτταροπλασματική ανοσοθετικότητα για την ILK (Kruskal-Wallis test p=0.031 /p=0.012 αντίστοιχα για στρωματικά κύτταρα). Συμπέρασμα: Τα ευρήματα αυτά υποδηλώνουν ότι μία διεργασία τύπου ΕΜΤ μπορεί να εμπλέκεται στην παθογένεια των φυλλοειδών όγκων συμβάλλοντας στην δημιουργία όγκων με πιο επιθετικό φαινότυπo. / Phyllodes breast tumors consist of epithelial and mesenchymal components. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been implicated in carcinogenesis. The aim of this study was to investigate whether EMT is involved in the pathogenesis of phyllodes breast tumors. Methods: E-cadherin, β-catenin and integrin-linked kinase (ILK) expression was evaluated immunohistochemically in 71 FFPE human phyllodes breast tumors (44/71 (62%) benign, 20/71 (28%) bordeline and 7/71 (10%) malignant). Correlations with tumor histopathology (benign, borderline, malignant) were investigated. Results: Non-neoplastic breast epithelium showed membranous E-cadherin and β-catenin expression and negative ILK immunoreactivity. Decreased membranous expression of E-cadherin and β-catenin in tumor epithelial component was observed. Loss of membranous E-cadherin was higher in borderline/malignant tumors (Kruskal-Wallis test p=0.000). Nuclear/cytoplasmic immunoreactivity of E-cadherin and β-catenin, as well as nuclear/cytoplasmic expression of ILK was detected in both epithelial and stromal tumor cells. We observed significantly higher nuclear/cytoplasmic immunoreactivity of E-cadherin (Kruskal-Wallis test p=0.013/p=0.006 respectively for epithelial cells and p=0.017 for stromal cells) and nuclear/cytoplasmic stromal expression of ILK (Kruskal-Wallis test p=0.031 /p=0.012 respectively) in borderline/malignant tumors. Conclusion: These results suggest that an-EMT-like process may be implicated in phyllodes breast tumors pathogenesis contributing to a more malignant phenotype.

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