Diss. (sammanfattning) Uppsala : Uppsala universitet, 2009. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

Diss. (sammanfattning) Göteborg : Univ. , 2006. / Härtill 5 uppsatser.

A research report submitted in partial fulfillment of the degree of MSc. Med (Bioethics & Health Law) Steve Biko Centre for Bioethics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand (Wits), Johannesburg November 2017. / Most literature on commercialisation of healthcare reports on the effects of the continuing commodification of healthcare on the doctor-patient relationship. It suggests that the commodification of healthcare as a management practice has the potential to alter the power balance between doctor and patient, and affect the care relationship. This has resulted with the global rebranding of patients as healthcare consumers, in the process impacting on the caring value that characterises the healthcare doctor-patient relationship. In contrast, however, these concerns have not been widely investigated in relation to the nurse-patient relationship. This relationship, grounded as it is in care ethics, has the potential to be severely altered by the pressures of healthcare commodification – particularly as nurses continue to be the primary caregivers in hospital settings. Thus, the study aimed to address this by empirically identifying and exploring areas of ethical tension relating to nurse-patient relationships in a commodified healthcare environment. The objectives of the study were to offer an empirically-based care ethics discussion on nursing care in private healthcare facilities. This study plays a part in addressing the current absence of both theoretical and empirical studies that examine the impact of commodification of healthcare on the actions of nurses. The study used a qualitative, explorative and descriptive approach to thematically analyse data collected from interviews with 16 nurses working in a private healthcare facility in Johannesburg. The findings support the argument that the commodification of healthcare transforms the nature of healthcare provision resulting with the replacement of professional ethics with marketplace ethics. This is harmful to the mutual trust and respect between the nurses and their patients. Hence, it is critical to rethink the value of compassionate and humane care as an integral part of ethical nursing practice. / LG2018

No description available.

Background: Informed consent is the autonomy of the patient who involves decision-making after being informed of and understanding the physician. Objectives: This study sought to investigate and compare patients¡¦ and physicians¡¦ perceptions of informed consent and the factors that influence their viewpoints on informed consent. Methods: The subjects were citizens without medical background and physicians working in four hospitals. Self-structured questionnaire was used to gather information. The physicians were recruited from two medical centers, a regional hospital and a district hospital in Kaohsiung. The data is analyzed by SPSS 14.0 and used descriptive statistics, item analysis, factor analysis, chi-square test, Fisher's exact probability test, t-test, and ANOVA. Results: The response rates were 97% in citizens (n=891) and 79 % in physicians (n=158). As for the concept of informed consent, 55.7% citizens thought that doctor should respect the opinion from the patient and family during the informed consent process. Furthermore, 91.2% the citizens prefer to know the information about their health condition from the physicians rather than from family (8.8%). Regarding the sequence of informing the physical condition, 29.9% citizens also prefer directly from the physician. As for the decision-making process, 55% respondents thought that patient¡¦s own decision is the most important. 52.5% physicians thought that doctor should respect the opinion from both the patient and family and the bad news should be informed by physicians (88.0%) rather than by family. As for the sequence of knowing the bad news, 46.2% physicians preferred to inform family first and inform patient after discussing with family. In decision-making process, 48.7% physicians thought that physician¡¦s opinion was still more important than opinion of patients and family. Further analysis revealed that patients¡¦ gender and the level of family visited hospital have significant difference on the perception of informed consent (p=0.027; p=0.000); gender, age, educational background and living locations also have significant difference on ¡§who to deliver the bad news.¡¨ (p=0.006; p=0.004; p=0.035; p=0.012); Citizens¡¦ age, educational background and career have significant influence on their opinion of informed consent of recently visiting doctor (p=0.014; p=0.006; p=0.001). The variables in the physicians¡¦ background have no relation with the means of informing and decision-making. The gender and position of the physician have significant effect on the opinion of practice of informed consent (p=0.015 and p=0.001). Conclusions: We concluded that the perceptions of informed consent, there was no difference between physicians and citizens; however the citizen chose the patient first, and the physician chose the family first during the process of informed consent. Physicians have better perceptions of informed consent than the common citizens.

Disputats, Universitetet i Oslo, 2005. / Sammendrag på engelsk. Delvis opptrykk av artikler.

Diss. Linköping : Univ.

Thesis (Doctoral)--Medizinische Universität zu Lübeck, 1997.

In the contemporary society, with the disintegration of political authoritarianism and the rise of democratic equality thoughts, as well as the flourishing information and popularity of medical knowledge, patients¡¦ autonomous consciousness and consumerist consciousness thus arise. In this information society, the boundless Internet brings a huge amount of information, and enables the general public to actively enrich themselves with professional medical knowledge, to have a online discussion with others, or to provide online support to each other. Such moves will transform the physician-patient relationship from the traditional ¡§professional led¡¨ interaction to different types of interaction, and hence the relationship between a physician and a patient generally deviates from the social hierarchy system in the past. Medical knowledge is no longer something that the physician can monopolize and enjoy exclusively. Accordingly, several types of physician-patient relationship have been developed. While the information revolution is generally striking the medical profession, in response to the future development and change in the medical field, some assistance should be given to medical students and practitioners to continuously learn new knowledge and new technology, as well as grasp and develop proper communication ability in this rapidly changing information age to build a solid foundation for their future role as a physician. Therefore, it leads to the author¡¦s query about ¡§what competence should a physician possess¡¨ to effectively manage the ¡§new physician-patient relationship management in the information society¡¨ mechanism, which becomes the motivation of making an in-depth study. It is hoped that the literature review and the in-depth interview in this study could help find out the way that physicians and patients ¡§adjust¡¨ to each others in these new types of physician-patient relationship in the information society. Moreover, physicians have to understand that only by improving the effect of their physician-patient relationship management can they create a win-win result under a harmonious physician-patient relationship.

Maintaining the proper physician-patient relationship in health care is vital to the well-being of patients, especially when considering end of life decisions such as euthanasia. Because this topic has been in the forefront of media in recent years, there appears to be a need to understand how the relationship between physician and patient works in these practical situations, as well as understand what the most appropriate model of patient care is in regards to maintaining patient autonomy. However, before this can be done this paper will begin with a brief look at the overall permissibility of euthanasia, using the arguments of Dan Brock and Leon Kass. Once the issue of permissibility is discussed, I continue by investigating three main models of patient care presented by Linda and Ezekiel Emanuel: informative, interpretive, and deliberative. Each of these models presents a different view of patient autonomy that changes how the physician and patient interact. By discussing the philosophical requirements of autonomy presented by philosophers such as Harry Frankfurt, Susan Wolf, and Andrea Westlund, I argue that the deliberative model of patient care provides the most sufficient view of autonomy while also protecting the physician-patient relationship and patient well-being.