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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Estabelecimento de Leguminosas em Pastagens de Brachiaria humidicola: Varia??es Sazonais de Atributos do Dossel Vegetativo / Establishment of Legume in Pastures of Brachiaria humidicola: Seasonal Changes of Attributes of the Sward

Ribeiro, Roberta Cristiane 12 September 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-28T14:59:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2006-Roberta Cristiane Ribeiro.pdf: 1282161 bytes, checksum: 5e7174cb11915976886dd9494c3fb2d5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-09-12 / Coordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior / In the way to improve the agronomic indexes and animal science of acting in the pastures cultivated on State of Rio de Janeiro soils, it`s needing a deeper studies to evaluate the impact of forage legumes in those ecosystems introduction. Seeking to contribute in that direction, an experiment was installed aiming at research the effects with different introduction methods of forage legumes in a pasture forage grass in monoculture. The work hypothesis was the treatments of nature chemical or mechanical that reduces the growth in the established grass, will have favorable effects on the establishment and persistence forage legume. The work was accomplished in the experimental field of Forage study, in the Institute animal science, the Universidade Federal Rural of Rio de Janeiro, from November/2003 to Abril/2005. The studied forage legumes were estilosantes cv. Campo Grande and desm?dio (Desmodium ovalifolium Wall cv. Itabela), installed into grass pasture of Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweickt. The introduction methods compared were: i) herbicide (Glyphosate, 0,75%, V/L), one day before the planting; ii) with grass mechanical cut; iii) planting in furrows and; iv) prepare soil with use of harrowing, being used a design was a randomized block, with four repetitions. The growth of the forage legumes in the several swards formed after the installation of the treatments, it was accompanied through count of the plants number and plants height, frequency estimates, absolute and relative, of grass and legume in the sward, and the Index of Leaf Area. Together, they were made evaluations of interception photosynthetically active radiation and degree of covering of the sward mixed pasture. The contribution forage legume to the production forage mass, green and dry, was done through cuts, to the 157 and 430 days after seeding. The mixed with estilosantes cv. Campo Grande didn't prosper, due the failure in the germination and or plants emergency of the forage legume. In contrast, in the mixed case between the braqui?ria and the desm?dio specie, the initial hypothesis was confirmed fully, once all the introduction methods allowed the establishment and permanence forage legume in the grass pasture. Specifically, for this associate, it was ended that to foment a fast covering of the soil, the most suitable treatments are the harrowing and weeds (mechanical cut), while to harmonize his associate, protecting the persistence of both components, the plantings in furrow and herbicide use was the most interesting alternatives. / Como forma de melhorar os ?ndices agron?micos e zoot?cnicos de desempenho das pastagens cultivadas sobre solos do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, existe a necessidade de maiores estudos para avaliar o impacto da introdu??o de leguminosas forrageiras nesses ecossistemas. Visando contribuir nessa dire??o, foi instalado um experimento objetivando pesquisar os efeitos de diferentes m?todos de introdu??o de leguminosas forrageiras numa pastagem de gram?nea forrageira em monocultura. A hip?tese de trabalho foi a de que tratamentos de natureza qu?mica ou mec?nica que reduzam o crescimento da gram?nea estabelecida, ter?o efeitos favor?veis sobre o estabelecimento e persist?ncia da leguminosa. O trabalho foi realizado na ?rea experimental de Forragicultura, no Instituto de Zootecnia da Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, durante o per?odo de novembro de 2003 a abril de 2005. As leguminosas estudadas foram estilosantes cv. Campo Grande e desm?dio (Desmodium ovalifolium Wall cv. Itabela), instaladas sobre pastagem de Brachiaria humidicola (Rendle) Schweickt. Os m?todos de introdu??o comparados foram: i) herbicida dessecante (Glyphosate, 0,75%, V/L), um dia antes do plantio; ii) ro?ada: rebaixamento da gram?nea, com corte mec?nico iii) plantio em sulcos e; iv) preparo do solo com uso de enxada rotativa, empregando-se um desenho de blocos inteiramente casualizados, com quatro repeti??es. O crescimento das leguminosas nos diversos doss?is formados ap?s a instala??o dos tratamentos, foi acompanhado atrav?s de contagem do n?mero de plantas e da altura das plantas, estimativas de freq??ncia, absoluta e relativa, de gram?nea e leguminosa no relvado, e o ?ndice de ?rea Foliar. Em conjunto, foram feitas avalia??es de intercepta??o de radia??o fotossinteticamente ativa e grau de cobertura dos doss?is do cons?rcio. A contribui??o da leguminosa ? produ??o da massa de forragem, verde e seca, foi feita atrav?s de cortes, aos 157 e 430 dias ap?s a semeadura. O cons?rcio com estilosantes cv. Campo Grande n?o prosperou, devido ao fracasso na germina??o e ou emerg?ncia das pl?ntulas da leguminosa. Em contraste, no caso do cons?rcio entre a braqui?ria e o desm?dio, a hip?tese inicial foi plenamente confirmada, uma vez que todos os m?todos de introdu??o permitiram o estabelecimento e perman?ncia da leguminosa na pastagem. Especificamente, para este cons?rcio, foi conclu?do que para fomentar uma r?pida cobertura do solo, os tratamentos mais indicados s?o a enxada rotativa e a ro?ada, enquanto que para harmonizar o cons?rcio, resguardando a persist?ncia de ambos componentes, os plantios em sulco e uso de herbicida foram ?s alternativas mais interessantes.

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