Στην παρούσα διπλωματική εργασία προσομοιώνεται η διασπορά τρόπων πόλωσης σε συστήματα οπτικών επικοινωνιών. Ο στόχος μας είναι να προσεγγίσουμε τη θεωρητική συνάρτηση πυκνότητας πιθανότητας που ακολουθεί η διασπορά τρόπων πόλωσης, η οποία αποδεικνύεται ότι είναι η μαξγουελιανή. / In this thesis we discuss the problem of simulation of the polarization dispersion mode in lightwave systems. Our purpose is to approach the theoretical probability density function of the polarization dispersion mode, which is proved to be maxwellian.

The master thesis discusses physical causes of light polarization and problems brought by nascence of Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD). These problems occur especially by high speed systems on optical cable traces. The thesis deals with actuation of transmitted signal by influence of Inter Symbol Interference and it also deals with methods for its measuring and compensation. As a results of measurements are in text presented data provided by EXFO Electro-Optical Engineering Inc. Company. Significant part of the thesis focuses on optical link Bit Error Rate (BER) which is connected with Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) and signal quality (Q-factor). Further on it is possible to find in text about so called eye diagram which is display mode that shows influence of communication channel on shape of the transmitted signal. To this diagram is related another one called constellation diagram which describes modulation mode and makes it possible to map dispersion of signal points around their nominal values. In connection with so called trajectory it makes vector diagram. Practical part includes depiction of these diagrams in MATLAB development environment.