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Vem ska bestämma? : en studie om lärares tankar i Skolvärlden 1970-1979 / Who is going to make the decisions? : A study og teachers thouhghts during the 1970-1979 according to SkolvärldenEinarsson, Ewa January 2017 (has links)
1962 a new swedish schoolsystem was accepted called Comprehensive school. The study observes how the discussion of the new schoolsystem looks like in the Union magazine Skolvärlden during the 1970-1969. The study shows how teachers’ thoughts about a schoolsystem which are including all children, no matter what economic statues the have got. Teachers’ need more time to connect with the pupils’. In the other schoolsystem they did not have that kind of issues that might occure now. Some children from a less education background find it difficult to fit in in the comprehensive school. Teachers’ do not know how to handle those children which are interrupting their classes. As a reason of that special-need education are developed during the decade. The reason of that is that all children in Sweden from now have to go to school for nine years according to the law. Teachers’ also believe that the politicians are interfering a lot in school matters. As an example of that Ingvar Carlsson are saying that school need time to reconnect to the new circumstances. Though the former minister of education Olof Palme in the beginning of the decade says that teachers actually need to be more aware of the importance of internationalization in every subject not just the social subjects. Instead teachers rather will prefer to work by them self to implement the new conditions from the curricula and new research. They should instead leave the education to the teachers that actually have got the education and the knowledge about how to teach children. Teachers’ are also irritated of the low wages according to their harder labor circumstances. They believe that other parts of the labor market have got better incomes and conditions. Skolvärlden thinks that LO as an organisation connected to the Socialdemokratic party has priveligies that they do not. In the 1975 teachers are prepared to fight for better circumstances and the are very angry at LO who do not want to support them. Skolvärlden thinks that the reason of that is because LO does not think that education is important, which they actually should have thought. The reason of that is because education from now on is very important for a society development.
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Hur svensk exportprestanda påverkas av valutaväxelkursfluktuationer och andra makroekonomiska determinanter : En deduktiv kvantitativ studie med användning av multipel regressionBrännström, Kinda, Huldén, David January 2024 (has links)
Denna kvantitativa studie behandlar svensk exportprestanda och dess förhållande till de makroekonomiska determinanterna valutaväxelkurs, politiska reformer, ekonomisk frihet och BNP-tillväxt. Många tidigare studier inom området fokuserar på hur exportprestandan påverkas av valutaväxelkurser, dock finns begränsat med studier som berör de övriga makroekonomiska determinanterna och dess påverkan på svensk exportprestanda. Denna studie vill därmed utöka detta studieområde med forskningsfrågan “Vilken roll har valutaväxelkursen och andra makroekonomiska determinanter för att förklara svensk exportprestanda?”. Den teoretiska modellen beskriver Sveriges export samt tidigare teorier inom området till de fyra makroekonomiska variablernas relation till svensk exportprestanda. Hypoteser är utformade för att studera om svensk exportprestanda beror på de makroekonomiska determinanterna. Studien använder en deduktiv kvantitativ forskningsmetod med multipel regression som statistisk metod, med användning av sekundärdata. Resultatet visar att hypotesen till valutaväxelkursen kan förkastas. Ett positivt samband finns mellan exportprestanda och politiska reformer samt BNP-tillväxt. Ett negativt samband påvisas mellan exportprestanda och ekonomisk frihet. Samtidigt som studien visar betydelsen av de makroekonomiska variablerna för svensk exportprestanda så finns det fortfarande utrymme för vidare studier inom området, som med användning av andra forskningsmetoder. / This quantitative study examines Swedish export performance and its relationship to the macroeconomic determinants of exchange rates, policy reforms, economic freedom and GDP growth. Many previous studies in the field focus on how export performance is affected by currency exchange rates, but there are limited studies that concern the other macroeconomic determinants and their impact on Swedish export performance. This study therefore aims to expand this area of study with the research question "What is the role of the exchange rate and other macroeconomic determinants in explaining Swedish export performance?". The theoretical model describes Sweden's exports and describes previous theories in the field related to the four macroeconomic variables' relationship to Swedish export performance. Hypotheses are created to study whether Swedish export performance depends on the macroeconomic determinants. The study uses a deductive quantitative research method with multiple regression as the statistical method and use of secondary data. The results show that the hypothesis of the exchange rate can be rejected. A positive relationship is found between export performance and policy reforms and GDP growth. A negative relationship is found between export performance and economic freedom. While the study shows the importance of the macroeconomic variables for Swedish export performance, there is still room for further studies in the area, for instance with use of other research methods.
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Den framtida vägen för EU:s gemensamma jordbrukspolitikLööf, Michaela January 2012 (has links)
The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) in the European Union (EU) is one of the oldest fields of cooperation within the European Union. During the past decades the different Commissioners have made several proposals about changes in the CAP and many of them have not been passed but renegotiated. The present Commission has however published a report in 2011, which emphasizes that the CAP has three alternative ways to go in the future. This study aims to predict which one of these three alternative ways it is most likely that the CAP will take according to the historical institutionalist theory. When to be able to predict this text analysis is used. The analysis tools of the study are collected from the theory, which focuses on the conceptions: critical juncture, feedback effects, path dependency and sequencing. These tools as well as the theory are applied on the empirical material, which mainly consists of books about the earlier reforms and proposals from the Commission, academical journals and some reports. The analysis shows that the Luxembourg compromise can be seen as a critical juncture in the history of the CAP and this led to a path dependency, which is characterized by a decision-making procedure by consensus between the political institutions in the EU. The analysis also shows that most of the reforms regarding the CAP, are made with some sort of compromise or consensus (the Delors I budgetary package, the Mac Sharry reforms and so on). Therefore the conclusion of the study is that, from an historical institutionalist perspective, it is more or less possible for the CAP to go with any of the alternative ways that the Commission points out in the report. It is however most likely that the second way is the most prominent one. This is because that option emphasizes that major overhauls of the policy should be made, that the measures should be more targeted, and that the spending of the CAP should be more efficient. All of these changes have been made more or less during the history of the CAP and the institutional framework therefore allows this way.
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