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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Elabora??o de fihburgers com res?duos da filetagem de Til?pia do Nilo (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus 1758) adicionado de transglutaminase / Elaboration of fihburgers with Nile Tilapia filleting residues (Oreochromis niloticus, Linnaeus 1758) transglutaminase addition

PINTO, Bruno Vilarinho Victorino 08 February 2017 (has links)
Submitted by Jorge Silva (jorgelmsilva@ufrrj.br) on 2018-02-09T16:33:02Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Bruno Vilarinho Victorino Pinto.pdf: 1581753 bytes, checksum: 66033106fefd5a72335775e4dc3f3644 (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2018-02-09T16:33:02Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 2017 - Bruno Vilarinho Victorino Pinto.pdf: 1581753 bytes, checksum: 66033106fefd5a72335775e4dc3f3644 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2017-02-08 / Fish consumption has been associated with healthy habits, mainly due to the high protein content and the presence of polyunsaturated fatty acids omega 3 and 6, as well as vitamins and minerals. Tilapia has been prominent in the national scenario as one of the main aquaculture species, being the most cultivated species. This growth has caused an increase in the demand for the industrialization of this fish, considering that the main product commercialized is filet. However, residues from tilapia processing correspond to 65%, generating large volumes. Part of these residues, such as the tilapia ridge (carcass with meat adhered after the filleting process), can be used to obtain mechanically separated meat (CMS) for the production of fish co-products with good nutritional quality. In this context the use of the tranglutaminase enzyme in the elaboration of fish derivatives, mainly fish shaped products, becomes interesting to provide good textural properties, increasing the acceptability of the products. The objective of this study was to develop a fishburger from the TMS of tilapia spines, added with transglutaminase aiming at adding value to the product and optimizing the use of the residues generated in tilapia processing. The raw material (CMS) was analyzed for the composition centesimal, chemical and microbiological physical characteristics. The nutritional quality of the product was evaluated through the fatty acid profile, besides the centesimal, chemical and microbiological evaluation. Both the product and the raw material presented satisfactory chemical and microbiological physical characteristics. For the evaluation of the best answers in the elaboration of the fishburgers, the response surface methodology was used, using as independent variables: water percentage (5, 9, 15, 21 and 25%), manioc starch (0, 2, 5, 8, 10%) and transglutaminase (0, 0.4, 1, 1.6 and 2%), and as dependent variables: moisture content, water retention capacity, percentage of shrinkage, cooking yield and texture (hardness, cohesiveness, elasticity, guminess and chewing). Satisfactory results were obtained for the highest concentrations of starch and transglutaminase and for the lowest percentages of water. Thus, two new formulations of fishburgers were prepared by fixing the water and starch to 0 and 10%, respectively, and varying the transglutaminase by 2.3 and 2.5%. These fishburgers were intended for centesimal and nutritional evaluation. Both the raw and the grilled product had good indices as to the centesimal composition, being the low lipid content and high protein content. The nutritional quality of the fishburgers showed a good profile in fatty acids, highlighting. The utilization of the spine to obtain CMS and its destination for the elaboration of co-products of fish for human consumption proved to be feasible, since the product obtained presented good nutritional quality, with low fat content. The application of the transglutaminase enzyme was efficient in improving textural properties. However, for the other variables, cassava starch proved to be more efficient. / O consumo de pescado tem sido associado a h?bitos saud?veis, principalmente pelo alto teor de prote?nas e pela presen?a de ?cidos graxos poli-insaturados ?mega 3 e 6, al?m de vitaminas e minerais. A til?pia vem se destacando no cen?rio nacional como uma das principais esp?cies da aquicultura, sendo a esp?cie mais cultivada. Este crescimento vem causando um aumento na demanda pela industrializa??o deste peixe, tendo em vista que o principal produto comercializado ? o fil?, por?m, res?duos do beneficiamento da til?pia correspondem a 65%. Parte destes res?duos, como ? o caso do espinha?o de til?pia (carca?a com a carne aderida ap?s o processo de filetagem), pode ser destinado a obten??o de carne mecanicamente separada (CMS) para elabora??o de coprodutos de pescado com boa qualidade nutricional. Neste contexto, o uso da enzima transglutaminase na elabora??o de derivados de pescado, principalmente produtos formatados de pescado, torna-se interessante por fornecer boas propriedades texturais, aumentando a aceitabilidade dos produtos. O objetivo deste estudo foi desenvolver um fishburger a partir da CMS de espinha?os de til?pia adicionado de transglutaminase, visando agrega??o de valor e otimiza??o do uso dos res?duos gerados no processamento da til?pia. A mat?ria prima (CMS) foi analisada quanto a composi??o centesimal, caracter?stica f?sico qu?mica e microbiol?gica. A qualidade nutricional do produto foi avaliada atrav?s do perfil em ?cidos graxos, al?m da avalia??o centesimal, f?sico qu?mica e microbiol?gica. Tanto o produto como a mat?ria prima apresentaram caracter?stica f?sico qu?mica e microbiol?gica satisfat?ria. Para avalia??o das melhores respostas na elabora??o dos fishburgers foi utilizado a metodologia de superf?cie de resposta, usando como vari?veis independentes: percentual de ?gua (5, 9, 15, 21 e 25%), f?cula de mandioca (0, 2, 5, 8, 10%) e transglutaminase (0; 0,4; 1; 1,6 e 2%), e como vari?veis dependentes: teor de umidade, capacidade de reten??o de ?gua, percentual de encolhimento, rendimento na coc??o e perfil de textura (dureza, coesividade, elasticidade, gomosidade e mastigabilidade). Resultados satisfat?rios foram obtidos para as maiores concentra??es de f?cula e transglutaminase e para os menores percentuais de ?gua. Deste modo, foram elaborados duas novas formula??es de fishburgers fixando-se a ?gua e f?cula em 0 e 10%, respectivamente, e variando a transglutaminase em 2,3 e 2,5%. Estes fishburgers foram destinados ? avalia??o centesimal e nutricional. Tanto o produto cr? como o grelhado obtiveram bons ?ndices quanto a composi??o centesimal, destacando-se o baixo conte?do lip?dico e elevado teor de prote?nas. O aproveitamento dos espinha?os para obten??o de CMS e sua destina??o para elabora??o de coprodutos de pescado para alimenta??o humana mostrou-se vi?vel, uma vez que o produto obtido apresentou boa qualidade nutricional, com baixo conte?do de gordura. A aplica??o da enzima transglutaminase foi eficiente na melhoria das propriedades texturais. Por?m, para as demais vari?veis respostas a f?cula de mandioca mostrou-se mais eficiente.

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