Texte remanié de: Diss.--Berlin--Freie Universität, 1998. / Bibliogr. p. 309-318. Notes bibliogr. Index.

La tesis investiga el diseño de la varanda en la arquitectura de Brasil, identificándola como una de las constituidoras del arquetipo de la casa brasileña. La investigación se desarrolla bajo dos premisas: la primera es que la sombra, tanto como la luz, protagoniza la arquitectura revelando sus formas, y la segunda que la sombra en climas cálidos constituye la protección más adecuada al rigor de las radiaciones solares, haciendo habitables los espacios. La investigación analiza el papel de la varanda como espacio intermedio y como uno de los componentes de una arquitectura de la sombra, que se plantea. Además, compara otros espacios similares a lo largo de la historia y en otras culturas. Las varandas introducidas en la arquitectura del país por los colonizadores europeos, pese a la existencia previa de soluciones autóctonas de función similar, fueron adaptadas a las condiciones climáticas y posteriormente reinterpretadas durante la introducción y difusión del movimiento moderno. Su persistente presencia prácticamente en todas las fases de la arquitectura brasileña, ha suscitado la hipótesis de que la motivación ambiental de los primeros tiempos ha cambiado y que, a partir de los importantes significados sociales que ha ido adquiriendo en la casa brasileña, asociado a su contribución en la definición espacial y formal de los proyectos, su diseño paso a ser resultado más de los aspectos funcionales y estéticos y menos de su contribución a la adecuación ambiental. Como procedimiento metodológico, la investigación identifica aspectos referentes a la varanda en las distintas dimensiones de la arquitectura, enfáticamente en la dimensión estética. A continuación, relaciona el potencial de repercusión ambiental con las características de su diseño, utilizando la comparación entre estrategias proyectivas utilizadas por los arquitectos y el uso efectivo señalado por los usuarios. El recorrido analítico de la tesis ha permitido considerar la validez de la hipótesis inicial, el de reconocer otros valores contenidos en ese tipo de espacio y la relevancia de seguir con la investigación cualitativa y cuantitativa del tema de acuerdo con las crecientes reflexiones sobre los impactos y la repercusión de las soluciones arquitectónicas en la preservación de los recursos naturales y energéticos del planeta. / The thesis investigates the design of the verandah in the architecture of Brazil, identifying it as one of the makers of the archetype of the Brazilian house. The research was conducted under two premises: firstly, that the shade as well as light take part in the architecture revealing its forms and secondly, that shade in hot climates is the best protection due to the rigor of solar radiation as it makes the spaces habitable. The research examines the role of the transitional space and verandah as a component of the architecture of shade that we set out. Moreover, it compares other similar spaces throughout the history and in other cultures. The verandahs were introduced to the Brazilian's architecture by European settlers,- despite the prior existence of indigenous solutions of similar function - adapted to the climatic conditions and subsequently re-interpreted during the introduction and spread of the modern movement. Its continued presence in virtually all phases of Brazilian architecture has aroused the hypothesis that the environmental motivation has changed and taking into account the important social meanings that it acquired in Brazilian houses associated with its contribution in spatial and formal definition of the projects, its design has become more the result of its functional and aesthetic aspects and less its contribution to environmental questions. As a methodological procedure, the research identifies verandah aspects relating to the various dimensions of architecture, notably in the aesthetic dimension. Subsequently, it relates the potential environmental impact of its design features, using the comparison between design strategy used by architects and real use reported by users. The analytical course of the thesis has allowed to consider the validity of the initial hypothesis, recognize other values contained in such space and the importance to continue the qualitative and quantitative research on the topic in accord with the growing impacts reflections and architectural solutions impacts in the preservation of natural resources and energy of the planet.

Made available in DSpace on 2015-03-26T13:28:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 texto completo.pdf: 2387307 bytes, checksum: f11d179178c73973dbcc9eaba047425e (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011-07-04 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / This work presents an evaluation of the structural behavior of steel plane frames infilled with structural masonry of blocks of autoclaved aerated concrete, regarding the contribution of the masonry to the structure global stiffening, through the strut-and-tie model. Case studies were evaluated taking into account three steel plane frames and, subsequently, the model was applied to the project of steel buildings with four, six, and eight stories. First and second-order numerical analyses (nonlinear geometrical analysis) were performed to braced steel frames with bracing elements formed for bars of steel and masonry panels. The masonry panels were considered across strut-and-tie model. It is presented comparisons of the lateral displacements and the solicitant forces in the bars of strut-and-tie model to first and second-order analyses. The solicitant forces on the strut and tie were also compared to the structural resistance on these bars aiming to achieve the structural dimension of the masonry panel. Through the results obtained it is concluded that it is possible to substitute the bracing metal bars for the masonry panels until determined numbers of stories. This numbers depends on factors such as the stiffness of the frame and masonry panels, and the intensity applied. / Neste trabalho apresenta-se uma avaliação do comportamento estrutural de pórticos planos de aço preenchidos com alvenaria estrutural de blocos de concreto celular autoclavado, considerando a contribuição da alvenaria na rigidez global da estrutura, por meio de um modelo de bielas e tirantes. Para realização dos estudos de caso, foram avaliados três pórticos planos de aço e, posteriormente, o modelo foi aplicado ao projeto de edifícios de aço com quatro, seis e oito pavimentos. Foram realizadas análises numéricas de primeira e segunda ordem (análise não-linear geométrica) de pórticos de aço contraventados com elementos de contraventamentos formados por barras de aço e por painéis de alvenaria. Os painéis de alvenaria foram considerados por meio do modelo de bielas e tirantes. São apresentadas comparações dos deslocamentos laterais e dos esforços solicitantes nas barras do modelo de bielas e tirantes para as análises de primeira e de segunda ordem. Os esforços solicitantes nas bielas e nos tirantes também foram comparados com os esforços resistentes nessas barras, com vistas a efetuar o dimensionamento estrutural do painel de alvenaria. Os resultados obtidos permitem concluir que é possível substituir as barras de contraventamento metálico por painéis de alvenaria até um determinado número de pavimentos. Este número depende de fatores como a rigidez dos pórticos e dos painéis de alvenaria e a intensidade das ações aplicadas.