Ces travaux de thèse concernent l’étude de l’ensemble de la chaîne de puissance d’un système hydrolien utilisant des systèmes de stockage d’énergie pour améliorer la qualité de la puissance produite et la capacité de gestion des échanges d’énergie. Dans un premier temps, les différentes technologies de stockage d’énergie et leurs applications pour lisser les fluctuations de la puissance produite par le système hydrolien sont étudiées et comparées. Ensuite, une stratégie de lissage des fluctuations de la puissance, dues à l’effet de houle (fluctuations de courte durée), est proposée : elle associe une stratégie MPPT avec filtrage (au niveau de la génératrice) à l’utilisation de supercondensateurs pour lisser la puissance injectée au réseau. Puis il est proposé d’utiliser des batteries à circulation d’électrolyte pour la gestion quotidienne de la puissance d’une hydrolienne dans le contexte d’un réseau électrique isolé. Un système hybride hydrolien/batteries/diesel est étudié pour deux configurations simples : le cas d’une alimentation avec une hydrolienne comme sources principales et le cas où les générateurs diesels sont considérés comme sources dominantes. Enfin, des stratégies de limitation de puissance basées sur le défluxage de la génératrice pour contrôler la puissance de l’hydrolienne dans le cas de vitesses de courants marins élevées sont proposées. Dans ce contexte, le contrôle à puissance constante et à puissance maximale en cours de défluxage sont comparés. L’influence des paramètres de la génératrice sur les caractéristiques de fonctionnement commun de la turbine et la génératrice est également étudiée. / This PhD thesis models the whole power chain of a marine current turbine (MCT) system and investigates the use of energy storage devices to improve power quality and energy management capability. First, various energy storage technologies concerning their applications to address the power fluctuation phenomena in tidal current generation system are reviewed and compared. Then, a two-stage power smoothing control strategy for compensating swell-induced short-time fluctuations is proposed. The proposed control strategy uses a modified MPPT with filter strategy on the generator-side and supercapacitors on the grid-side for injecting a smoothed power to the grid. Afterwards, a flow battery system for daily energy management of a hybrid MCT/battery/diesel system is proposed. The MCT dominant power supply case and an island power supply (with diesel generators as the main source) are investigated. Finally, power limitation controls with a robust flux-weakening strategy for a PMSG-based non-pitchable MCT system are proposed for over-rated marine current speed periods. In this context, the constant power control and maximum power control modes at the flux-weakening stage are compared; and the influence of the generator parameters on the joint operating characteristics of the turbine and generator are also discussed.

The objective of the first part of master’s thesis is mapping the potential of various types of renewable sources in Europe and Czech Republic, especially solar energy, wind energy, water energy and biomass. There are described principals and ways of energy generation from these sources, brief overview of current technologies, and also their advantages and limitations. An important part is electric supply continuity from renewable sources, there are large differences and the resulting to restrictions on construction and connecting the units to the power system. In this work there are mentioned some impacts on network and rates of change of supply, some sources are also evaluated in terms of maximum power, that can be connected to the power system in our country. The conclusion of the first part is dedicated to energy storage technologies, which are suitable and usable for renewable sources, there are described their principals, properties, status of development and types of aplications, in which these technologies are used. This chapter also focusses on the price level of each technology. The second part of the thesis deals with 1 MWp on-grid photovoltaic power plant design. This design includes also the redox flow batteries accumulation, the first variant calculates on 24-hour steady energy supply, the second optimalized variant calculates on daily energy supply. There are the accumulation system costs estimated and also the payback period for the both variants. Additionally there is also determined minimum penalization for cost-effective operation. The last part is dedicated to changes of impact on the local grid and changes of system impacts, after the accumulation system is installed.