O gênero Eucalyptus possui diversas espécies que apresentam grande valor comercial, sendo utilizado principalmente para produção de energia (carvão e lenha) e celulose-papel. Na literatura, entretanto, existem poucas informações acerca de nematoses nessa cultura. Além dessa carência e de sua importância econômica, o eucalipto é comumente cultivado em locais de alta incidência de Pratylenchus brachyurus e Meloidogyne incognita, além de ser consorciado com diversas outras culturas intolerantes, como por exemplo a soja. Dessa forma há uma necessidade de conhecer a reação das espécies de eucalipto a estes nematoides. Dito isso, o presente trabalho teve por objetivo testar a reação de algumas espécies de eucalipto a P. brachyurus e M.incognita. Foram realizados 6 experimentos, 5 envolvendo o nematoide das lesões e 1 com o nematoide de galhas. Os tratamentos foram inoculados com uma população inicial de nematoides e, após 90 dias, estimava-se o fator de reprodução (FR) e nematoides por grama de raiz (Nem/g). Adotou-se o critério baseado em Oostenbrink (1966), onde a espécie foi considerada suscetível quando apresenta FR >= 1 e resistente quando FR < 1. Dos eucaliptos testados, 6 apresentaram reação suscetível e 4 reação resistente para P. brachyurus. As espécies com maiores FR estão entre as mais utilizadas no Brasil, exceto E. saligna. Ressalta-se que estas não necessariamente são resistentes, necessitando apenas de um período maior para o estabelecimento do patógeno. Observou-se indícios de que E. saligna e E. camaldulensis sejam intolerantes a P.brachyurus. Para M. incognita raça 3 todas as espécies testadas foram resistentes. Aconselha-se a realização de experimentos com períodos superiores a 100 dias para uma correta classificação da reação de hospedeiro. O eucalipto é uma opção para aproveitamento de áreas infestadas com M. incognita raça 3, porém seu uso mostra-se um risco em áreas infestadas com P. brachyurus. / The Eucalyptus has several species with high commercial value and is used mainly for energy purpose (Charcoal and firewood) and paper. In the literature, however, there is little information about plant parasitic nematodes in this woody specie. In addition to this lack and its economic importance, eucalypts is also commonly cultivated in areas with high incidence of Pratylenchus brachyurus and Meloidogyne incognita, and consorted with several intolerant crops, such as soybean. Thus, there is a need to know the host status of the eucalypts species to these nematodes. With that, this work aimed to test the reaction of some Eucalyptus species to P.brachyurus and M. incognita. For this purpose six experiments were performed, five to test the lesion nematode and one to test the root-knot nematode. The treatments were inoculated and, after 90 days, it was estimated the reproduction factor (FR) and nematodes per gram of root (Nem/g). The present work adopted the criteria based on Oostenbrink (1966), where the species was considered susceptible when presenting FR >= 1 and resistant when FR < 1. Of species tested, six were susceptible hosts and four resistant host to P. brachyurus. The species with highest FR are among the most used eucalypts in Brazil, except E. saligna. It is emphasized that those species with FR < 1 are not necessarily resistant, requiring only a longer period for the pathogen establishment. There was some evidence that E. saligna and E. camaldulensis are intolerant hosts to P. brachyurus. To M. incognita Race 3 all tested species were resistant. It is advisable to perform experiments for periods longer than 100 days to a correct classification of host status. Eucalyptus is an option for utilization of areas infested with M. incognita race 3, but its use appears to be a risk in Pratylenchus brachyurus infested areas.

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 241-25). Aims to evaluate sampling procedures; assess the extent and magnitude of yield loss caused by Pratylenchus neglectus; assess the population dynamics of Pratylenchus neglectus in cereals; determine whether resistance occurs in field crops; and, assess whether variation occurs between geographically isolated species of Pratylenchus neglectus

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 241-25). / xiv, 259 leaves, [10] leaves of plates : ill. (chiefly col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Aims to evaluate sampling procedures; assess the extent and magnitude of yield loss caused by Pratylenchus neglectus; assess the population dynamics of Pratylenchus neglectus in cereals; determine whether resistance occurs in field crops; and, assess whether variation occurs between geographically isolated species of Pratylenchus neglectus / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Applied and Molecular Ecology, 2001

Bibliography: leaves 224-236. The study aimed to determine the distribution of both P. thornei and P. neglectus in South Australia. Also to study the field and laboratory population dynamics of P. thornei in relation to wheat yields, to determine its host range on a variety of cereal and non-leguminous hosts and to identify possible sources of nematode resistant wheat cultivars/varieties. Preliminary experiments studied the involvement of root rotting fungi with the nematode in wheat disease.

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 265-296). Pathogens associated with root damage were investigated in the Murray Mallee region of South Australia over the 1987-1989 growing seasons. Occurence of fungal species and the root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus neglectus) was assessed, and related to the appearance and severity of symptoms on the roots. Field experiments were supplemented with innoculation tests in the glasshouse and laboratory.

Bibliography: leaves 318-347. / ix, 347 [24] leaves : ill. (some col.) ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / A major problem in the production of agricultural crops including wheat, is the damage caused by destructive plant parasitic nematodes, among these the root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus spp.) The association of P. neglectus with fungi in ceraeal root disease has been reported. Infection is associated with leaf yellowing, which reduces plant photosynthesis and grain yield. In nematode infested soil, well fertilized crops are usually less affected. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Plant Science, 1996?

Bibliography: leaves 224-236. / xiv, 236, [16] leaves, [18] leaves of plates : ill. (chiefly col.), map ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / The study aimed to determine the distribution of both P. thornei and P. neglectus in South Australia. Also to study the field and laboratory population dynamics of P. thornei in relation to wheat yields, to determine its host range on a variety of cereal and non-leguminous hosts and to identify possible sources of nematode resistant wheat cultivars/varieties. Preliminary experiments studied the involvement of root rotting fungi with the nematode in wheat disease. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Dept. of Crop Protection, 1997

Includes bibliographical references (leaves 265-296). / vi, 296 leaves, [14] leaves of plates : ill. (some col.), maps ; 30 cm. / Title page, contents and abstract only. The complete thesis in print form is available from the University Library. / Pathogens associated with root damage were investigated in the Murray Mallee region of South Australia over the 1987-1989 growing seasons. Occurence of fungal species and the root lesion nematode (Pratylenchus neglectus) was assessed, and related to the appearance and severity of symptoms on the roots. Field experiments were supplemented with innoculation tests in the glasshouse and laboratory. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Adelaide, Depts. of Plant Science and Crop Protection, 1991

[Truncated abstract] Nematodes are known to significantly affect productivity of grapevines worldwide. Although major surveys have been carried out on nematodes infesting roots of grapevines elsewhere, only a preliminary survey has been carried out in Western Australia (W.A.). This study on the effect of irrigation systems on pathogenicity of nematodes on vines commenced with a survey of nematodes in two major grapegrowing regions of W.A. In this survey, soil samples were taken from 5 vineyards from Margaret River and 7 vineyards from Swan Valley regions of the state. Root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne spp.) was found to be the dominant genus in both major grape growing regions. Meloidogyne spp. occurred 76% and 75% of total soil sample in Margaret River and Swan Valley. The highest density of Meloidogyne spp. was 7 nematodes/g soil in Margaret River and 3.17 nematodes/g soil in Swan Valley. In both regions, other plant parasitic nematodes were recorded that included the root lesion (Pratylenchus spp.), dagger (Xiphinema spp.) and stubby (Trichodorus spp.) nematodes. Paratylenchus spp. were found in a few soil samples from Margaret River region, and Helicotylenchus spp. were found only in Swan Valley region, but was widespread. Some vineyards have established only resistant cultivars (Schartzman, Ramsey and 34 EM) resistant to nematodes. In these vineyards total nematode population was lower than most of other vineyards. However, in comparison of nematode numbers between cultivars, there were lower number of nematodes in some susceptible cultivars than in the resistant cultivars. Most common nematode taxa were Meloidogyne, Pratylenchus and Xiphinema in both regions. Root-knot and root lesion nematodes were the most widespread and economically important genera. These two genera are known to have different life cycle and feeding habits.

Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:28:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2011-02-25Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T18:34:58Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 goncalves_la_me_botfca.pdf: 657776 bytes, checksum: ab498ea8e25f776c7cccddf43fc24e97 (MD5) / Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) / Problemas causados por fitonematoides em áreas de cultivo de plantas ornamentais têm se tornado bastante frequentes. Os nematoides causadores de galhas (Meloidogyne spp.), os das lesões radiculares (Pratylenchus spp.) e os da parte aérea (Aphelenchoides spp.) podem ser considerados os mais nocivos ao cultivo de plantas ornamentais. Com o objetivo de verificar quais os nematoides fitoparasitos presentes em áreas de produção de plantas ornamentais de corte, o presente trabalho foi desenvolvido. Para isso, amostragens foram coletadas em áreas de cultivo de ornamentais de corte na Empresa Steltenpool em Paranapanema – Holambra II – SP, em casas de vegetação de crisântemo, lisianthus e gérbera. As amostras foram processadas para a extração, quantificação e identificação dos nematoides presentes na raiz, no solo e parte aérea. Meloidogyne javanica foi o nematoide mais frequente, presente nas raízes, em 45% das amostras e em 46% do solo. Pratylenchus foi encontrado com maior frequencia nas raízes (37%) do que no solo (9%), enquanto Paratylenchus sp. foi mais frequente no solo (22%) do que nas raízes (13%). Nematoides de parte aérea não foram detectados nas áreas amostradas. Também foi estudada a reação de variedades de crisântemos à Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica e M. enterolobii, em condições de casa de vegetação. Tais estudos foram conduzidos separadamente para M. incognita, M. javanica e M. enterolobii. O substrato de cada parcela foi infestado com 5.000 ovos da espécie de nematoide em estudo (Pi) e após 60 dias após a infestação o sistema radicular das plantas foi determinado o número de massa de ovos e em seguida processado para a extração dos nematoides presentes (Pf) e determinado o fator de reprodução (Pf/PI) de cada nematoide estudado. No estudo de reação as variedades de crisântemo Capello Vermelho (5,3) e Sunny Shena (2,0) foram... / Nematodes problems in ornamental plants production areas have became quite frequent; in root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.), the root lesion nematodes (Pratylenchus spp.) and shoot nematodes (Aphelenchoides spp.) are considered the most harmful to ornamental plants cultivation. This research aimed to verify the plant- parasitic nematodes in cutting ornamental plants production. Samples were collected in chrysanthemum, lisianthus and gerbera greenhouses of the Company Steltenpool in Paranapanema - Holambra II – SP. The nematodes were extracted, quantificated and identificated from samples of root, soil and shoot. Meloidogyne javanica was the most frequent nematode in roots (45%), and in soil (46%), Pratylenchus was found more frequently in roots (37%) than in soil (9%), while Paratylenchus was more common in soil (22%) than in roots (13%). Nematodes were not detected from shoot samples. Chrysanthemums varieties reaction to M. incognita, M. javanica and M. enterolobii had been studied separately in greenhouse conditions. Each plot was infested with 5,000 eggs of which studied nematode species (Pi). The egg mass and nematodes numbers (Pf) present in the root system was determined 60 days after the soil infestation. The reproduction rates were determined by Pf/Pi. „Chrysanthemum Capello Red‟ (5.3) and „Sunny Shena‟ (2.0) were susceptible to Meloidogyne incognita. All chrysanthemum varieties were resistant to M. javanica and M. enterolobii