Um dos fatores que influenciam o sucesso no tratamento endodôntico é o conhecimento anatômico do sistema de canais radiculares. Devido as dificuldades apresentadas nas avaliações do número de raízes e canais por métodos radiográficos convencionais, a Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico (TCFC) se mostra de grande importância na avaliação morfológica de canais radiculares. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a morfologia dos primeiros pré molares e molares, superiores e inferiores, através da TCFC relacionando com gênero e posição. Foram incluídos no estudo 264 imagens de TCFC de pacientes (144 mulheres e 120 homens), representando um total de 1560 dentes avaliados divididos no quatro grupos de dentes estudados. Na avaliação dos dentes 1ºMI, as mulheres apresentaram com maior frequência 2 canais na raiz distal do lado direito (p = 0,002) do que os homens. E para os dentes 1ºPMS, na raiz única, em ambos os lados, observou-se que as mulheres apresentaram mais canais (p = 0,028 e 0,001, para os lados direito e esquerdo, respectivamente). Porém neste grupo de dentes, observou-se nos homens 2,23 vezes mais chance de apresentarem mais raízes bilaterais, e 2,69 vezes mais chance quando considerar ao menos uma raiz extra. Os resultados indicam que não podemos tratar os dentes provenientes do mesmo paciente como observações independentes em estudos de avaliações de canais radiculares, devido a alta concordância entre os dentes apresentados bilateralmente pelos pacientes. E conclui-se que a população brasileira difere de outras populações em relação a diferentes morfologias de canais radiculares, sendo assim mais estudos devem ser realizados com o objetivo de auxiliar no diagnóstico e tratamento endodôntico. / One of the factors that influence success in endodontic treatment is the anatomical knowledge of the root canal system. Because the difficulties presented in the evaluations of the root canals by conventional radiographic methods, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) shown of great importance in the morphology of root canals. This study aimed to evaluate the morphology of the first mandibular molars and premolars, and the first maxillary molars and premolars, by CBCT relating to gender and position. The study included 264 patients CBCT images (144 women and 120 men), representing a total of 1560 teeth examined divided in four groups of teeth studied. In the evaluation of first mandibular molar women have more often two channels on the distal root of the right side (p = 0.002) than males. And maxillary first premolars on single root, on both sides, it is observed that women had more root canals (p = 0.028 and 0.001 for the right and left sides, respectively). But this group of teeth, in men showed 2.23 times more chances to had bilateral extra roots, and 2.69 times more chances when considering at least one extra root. The results showed that couldn\'t treat the teeth from the same patient as independent observations in the root canal reviews studies, due to the high correlation between the teeth presented by the patients bilaterally. And it is concluded that the Brazilian population differs from other populations for different morphologies of root canals, so more studies are needed in order to aid in the diagnosis and endodontic treatment.

The TRUShape 3D Conforming File (TRUShape), a novel, S-shaped nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary file, was developed to facilitate cleaning and shaping of irregular-shaped root canals. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the shaping ability of TRUShape compared to Vortex Blue (VB) when used in non-round, oval-shaped root canals by micro-computed tomography (MCT). Thirty single-rooted human mandibular premolar teeth with radiographically similar root canal size and curvature were randomly allocated to two groups (N=15), and mechanically prepared with TRUShape or VB. Each tooth was submitted to MCT at 20 μm resolution at three time intervals: before shaping, and after shaping to an intermediate apical size 30 and a final apical size 40. Three-dimensional data sets were superimposed and evaluated for root canal volume, surface area, and treated surface. Matched axial slices in the apical, middle, and coronal root thirds were evaluated for area, roundness, and canal transportation expressed as center of mass shift (CMS). Data were statistically analyzed using parametric and non-parametric tests. Root canal volumes increased similarly and significantly overall (p< 0.001; from an initial volume of 7.3±3.5 mm3 to an intermediate volume of 8.7±3.1 mm3 and a final volume of 9.9±3.0 mm3). Treated canal surface was significantly larger in the TRUShape group at both apical sizes 30 and 40 with 72±15% vs. 55±23% and 85±12% vs. 71±20% non-static voxels for TRUShape and VB, respectively (p< 0.05). Canal transportation was less than 100 μm in all but 8 out of 90 cross sections and was not significantly different between groups. This MCT study demonstrated the TRUShape 3D Conforming File to be effective in the mechanical preparation, specifically, the surface treatment, of single-rooted premolars with non-round, oval-shaped root canals. Funding was provided by the American Association of Endodontists (AAE) Foundation and the Department of Endodontics at the University of Iowa, College of Dentistry.

Um dos fatores que influenciam o sucesso no tratamento endodôntico é o conhecimento anatômico do sistema de canais radiculares. Devido as dificuldades apresentadas nas avaliações do número de raízes e canais por métodos radiográficos convencionais, a Tomografia Computadorizada de Feixe Cônico (TCFC) se mostra de grande importância na avaliação morfológica de canais radiculares. O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a morfologia dos primeiros pré molares e molares, superiores e inferiores, através da TCFC relacionando com gênero e posição. Foram incluídos no estudo 264 imagens de TCFC de pacientes (144 mulheres e 120 homens), representando um total de 1560 dentes avaliados divididos no quatro grupos de dentes estudados. Na avaliação dos dentes 1ºMI, as mulheres apresentaram com maior frequência 2 canais na raiz distal do lado direito (p = 0,002) do que os homens. E para os dentes 1ºPMS, na raiz única, em ambos os lados, observou-se que as mulheres apresentaram mais canais (p = 0,028 e 0,001, para os lados direito e esquerdo, respectivamente). Porém neste grupo de dentes, observou-se nos homens 2,23 vezes mais chance de apresentarem mais raízes bilaterais, e 2,69 vezes mais chance quando considerar ao menos uma raiz extra. Os resultados indicam que não podemos tratar os dentes provenientes do mesmo paciente como observações independentes em estudos de avaliações de canais radiculares, devido a alta concordância entre os dentes apresentados bilateralmente pelos pacientes. E conclui-se que a população brasileira difere de outras populações em relação a diferentes morfologias de canais radiculares, sendo assim mais estudos devem ser realizados com o objetivo de auxiliar no diagnóstico e tratamento endodôntico. / One of the factors that influence success in endodontic treatment is the anatomical knowledge of the root canal system. Because the difficulties presented in the evaluations of the root canals by conventional radiographic methods, Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) shown of great importance in the morphology of root canals. This study aimed to evaluate the morphology of the first mandibular molars and premolars, and the first maxillary molars and premolars, by CBCT relating to gender and position. The study included 264 patients CBCT images (144 women and 120 men), representing a total of 1560 teeth examined divided in four groups of teeth studied. In the evaluation of first mandibular molar women have more often two channels on the distal root of the right side (p = 0.002) than males. And maxillary first premolars on single root, on both sides, it is observed that women had more root canals (p = 0.028 and 0.001 for the right and left sides, respectively). But this group of teeth, in men showed 2.23 times more chances to had bilateral extra roots, and 2.69 times more chances when considering at least one extra root. The results showed that couldn\'t treat the teeth from the same patient as independent observations in the root canal reviews studies, due to the high correlation between the teeth presented by the patients bilaterally. And it is concluded that the Brazilian population differs from other populations for different morphologies of root canals, so more studies are needed in order to aid in the diagnosis and endodontic treatment.