La esferoterapia es utilizada por diferentes especialistas, conociéndose los beneficios de su uso, permitiendo a la gestante variar las rutinas de movimiento y las posibilidades de sostén de su cuerpo en el espacio, sintiéndose más liviana y ágil cuando realiza los ejercicios. Objetivo: Precisar si la incorporación de la técnica de la esferoterapia de Pilates en la Psicoprofilaxis Obstétrica permite obtener beneficios en el periodo expulsivo en nulíparas. Metodología: Cuasi-experimental, comparativo, prospectivo y longitudinal. La muestra seleccionada estuvo comprendida por 100 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión para el estudio. Resultados: El promedio del tiempo del expulsivo, los desgarros y episiotomías del grupo de estudio fue menor al grupo control, siendo esta diferencia estadísticamente significativa. El apgar al minuto y a los cinco minutos fueron similares en ambos grupos. Conclusiones: Se concluye de la investigación que la técnica utilizada para el grupo de estudio si brinda beneficios maternos en el periodo expulsivo de nulíparas en estos campos: Un menor tiempo de expulsivo, disminución de las episiotomías y desgarros. En cuanto a los beneficios perinatales encontramos que el uso de la esferoterapia de Pilates en la Psicoprofilaxis Obstétrica no presenta significación estadística por los datos obtenidos.

Thesis (M.Ed.)--York University, 2008. Graduate Programme in Education. / Typescript. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 94-103). Also available on the Internet. MODE OF ACCESS via web browser by entering the following URL: http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:MR38776

Thesis (M.S.)--West Virginia University, 2002. / Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains vi, 43 p. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 34-36).

Thesis (M.P.H.)--University of Wisconsin -- La Crosse, 2009. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 57-63)

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, Irving B. Harris Graduate School of Public Policy Studies, June 2001. / Includes bibliographical references. Also available on the Internet.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2000. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 150-174). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2001. / Vita. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 180-194). Available also in a digital version from Dissertation Abstracts.

Background: Prenatal ethanol exposure (PNEE) causes irreversible intellectual and behavioral disabilities, clinically known as fetal alcohol spectrum disorder. Few neuropathologic studies of human brain exist. Hypotheses: First, markers of oxidative stress persist following PNEE. Second, PNEE is associated with inhibitory and excitatory neuron changes. Methods: Human brain autopsies (153) with known PNEE were reviewed; 18 cases (fetus to adult) and controls were selected. Oxidative stress and neuronal differentiation markers were used for immunohistochemistry. Results: There were no obvious differences between control and PNEE brains using oxidative stress markers. In human PNEE brains, glutamatergic neurons were reduced 15.96 % and 18.03% in dentate gyrus and temporal cortex, respectively. GABAergic neurons reactive for parvalbumin were reduced in all hippocampal regions (CA1= 57.86%, CA3= 65.15%, and DG= 53.39%) and temporal cortex (44.13%) in all age groups. Conclusion: GABAergic neuron reduction in human following PNEE could explain motor and behavior distractibility in FASD individuals.

Risk is a crucial concept in healthcare communication. This is attested to by a large body of research on risk communication in psychology, sociology, and, more recently, discourse analysis. This previous research has primarily focused on how healthcare providers manage risk talk, whereas patients’ risk talk has received little attention. Where it has been researched, it has been presented in an oversimplified way, namely that the patients have been reported to perceive their risk in a simplified, ‘all-or-nothing manner’. Using theme-oriented discourse analysis (Roberts and Sarangi, 2005), this study challenges this simplified perception by examining patients’ risk talk in prenatal screening for Down syndrome. The data for this study comprises 14 video-recorded consultations collected in one prenatal hospital in Hong Kong. The particular focus of the study is on patients who have received a ‘positive’ result from the initial screening for Down syndrome that has put them in a high-risk group by increasing their probability of having a baby with Down syndrome. In these consultations patients are informed about further testing to confirm the diagnosis. To examine the patients’ risk talk, the transcripts of the interactions have been coded along the lines of structural, thematic and interactional maps (Roberts and Sarangi, 2005) to note down risk talk by patients, what is it concerned with and the interactional dynamics of how it is managed. The analysis suggests that patients’ risk talk concerns three types of risks, namely the “risk of occurrence” (that is the probability of having a child with Down Syndrome) the “risk of knowing” (that is dealing with the knowledge about having a child with Down Syndrome) and what has been referred to in this study as the “risk of not knowing” (that is not finding out about the condition due to the uncertainty surrounding the tests). In contrast to the findings in the previous studies, the patients in the data actively initiate risk talk by raising clarification questions and talking about their concerns. The analysis has revealed the differences in how different types of risk talk are constructed by the patients. These differences are discussed in regards to the phases of the consultation in which risk talk occurs and whether risk talk is aimed at eliciting further information or making a decision about pursuing further testing. The analysis has also noted that risk communication is a joint activity involving the patients and the healthcare providers. In addressing patients’ risk talk the healthcare providers in the data take on an indirect approach, thereby avoiding influencing the patients’ decision-making and managing the uncertainty surrounding prenatal screening. The analysis has also pointed out that the patients’ socioeconomic and cultural backgrounds have a crucial impact on how risk talk is constructed by the patients. / published_or_final_version / Linguistics / Master / Master of Philosophy

Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (FASD) is a health concern that is over-represented among First Nations peoples. Optimal prenatal nutrition plays a role in the severity of FASD. Prenatal nutrition as it relates to fetal brain development and fetal alcohol exposure is an under-researched area, especially among pregnant First Nations women. Finding current dietary intake patterns of pregnant women who drink alcohol could lead to developing a nutrition provision strategy. However, there is no appropriate dietary assessment research tool that is specific to this population. This study aims to develop an effective, culturally appropriate and interactive dietary assessment research tool using participatory methods to engage with women and communities in the process. We used community health priorities forums, information sessions, volunteering, collaboration with programs, and a trauma-informed approach as methods to engage with pregnant women. To develop the research tool, top sources of fetal brain development nutrients were determined for the food frequency component, several prenatal health workers reviewed the tool, and a pre-test with 20 pregnant women of the target population was completed. Pre-test results show the tool is being well-received. All of this ground work will help pave a path for further prenatal nutrition research with First Nations women. This research will inform programs and policies which strive to improve food and nutrition security and reduce the severity of FASD. / October 2015