We know that Sweden's HIV communication strategy does not specifically address young women, while Botswana's HIV communication strategy does. The overarching aim of this study is therefore to investigate whether Sweden should and could learn from Botswana with regard to focus on women in the HIV communication strategy. To do so, the methods used are qualitative interviews and focus groups with young women in Sweden and Botswana, expert interviews with representatives from organizations in Sweden and Botswana as well as textual analysis of different HIV prevention strategies from both countries.   The results of this study shows that there seems to be a difference between young women’s risk perception and risk behaviour in Sweden and Botswana, a difference that can partly be explained by hoe respective country work with HIV prevention communication towards this group. This indicates that Sweden could learn from Botswana’s HIV prevention communication concerning how they work with young women as a target group and how gender equality and empowerment of women is part of Botswana’s communication strategy. However, because of the difference in HIV prevalence and because of the limited effect of communication measures, the difference in communication can only be considered a small part of the to why the differences exist.

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Neoplastic diseases are considered as one of the most frequented reasons of death among the world population. A prophylaxis of these diseases should be a part of life of each one human. A theoretical part of this work deals with classification of particular types of prevention in the way of how to divide the prevention into primary, secondary, thertiary and quarteriary prevention. An empiric part of the work addresses two aims: To find how the Czech population is informed about the prevention of cancer diseases and to research how nurses advise their patients on the prophylaxis of those diseases. There was used a combination of a qualitative and a quantitative survey for the dissertation. The quantitative form of survey was based on an inquiry of sample of Czech Republic's population. This surge was aimed for finding out the knowledge about a prevention of cancer diseases among this population. There, in this part of th survey, was used an originally created questionnaire. The qualitative survey aimed for founding out how nurses provide the information about a prophylaxis of neoplastic diseases. Results of this inquiry have displayed that the majority of nurses strive to provide their patients with the complex information, either on their own or in the collaboration with a physician. Next, there was proved that nurses consider the most important form of a patient's education is a verbal communication with the patient; under the terms of this kind of education is the patient provided by appropriate information. Results of the inquiry display among others that the public awareness of a neoplastic-diseases' prevention is relatively high, nonetheless, there is still a space for an improvement in this way. A contribution of this work is characterized through its output an article. The article involves a summary of knowledge which has been gained using survey of this work. These pieces of knowledge could get contributive for work of nurses, nursing and paramedical staff as well as for student of nurse schools.