The wheel loader is a very versatile machine hence the layout of the machine and the software has to be a compromise of all the possible application. If the machine could detect the application and adapt the software settings to optimize the machine for the current application more application unique settings would be possible. To make the application identification cost efficient and possible to implement over the whole product range a minimum of added product cost is preferred. Therefore only using existing sensors of a wheel loader and using a software algorithm for the identification is suggested. In the following chapters three common applications are described from a generic point of view. The identification can be divided into different sections days, series, cycles and phases. The declaration of the phases is meant to be consistent regardless of application, however some phases may not be present in some application, 18 phases are identified to cover all application. Algorithms are developed to identify three different applications, bucket, pallet, timber and two different material classes. It is stated that it is possible to differentiate at least two different material classes with the suggested algorithms.

Detta examensjobb utfördes på Stacke Hydraulik AB som tillverkar och säljer hydrauliska system. Uppdraget var att uppdatera deras befintliga verkstadslayout samt att studera om flödet för ”små och medelstora” rör går att förbättra. För att kunna optimera flödet var man tvungen att ta fram vilka/vilken process som var flaskhals, för att sedan kunna ge förslag på förändringar som kan leda till ett bättre flöde och en kortare ledtid. Studierna av flaskhals grundades på totalt 50 stycken cylinderrör, de mest tillverkade samt de som har störst volymvärde. Produktionsgrupp 117 (svarv) identifierades som flaskhals eftersom den tog längst tid i processen, men även produktionsgrupp 118 (svarv) är en flaskhals. 26 % av cylinderrören hade produktionsgrupp 117 som flaskhals medan 24 % hade produktionsgrupp 118. För att optimera produktionsflödet för dessa rör krävs det att man använder produktionsgrupperna effektivt med minimerat slöseri. Ett alternativ till förbättring skulle kunna vara en utökad maskinpark för tillverkning av dessa rör. / This examination-work was performed at Stacke Hydraulik AB. They are manufacturing and selling hydraulic systems. The commission was to update theirs excisting layout of the industry and to study if there are some possibilities to improve the flow of “small and medium-sized” pipes. To optimize the flow you had to identify which process that could be a bottleneck. And after that try to give some proposals on changing that could lead to a better flow and a faster lead-time. This study of bottlenecks was based on 50 pieces cylinder pipes of that type they mostly manufactured and also the pipes that got the highest volume value. Production group 117 (lathe) was identified as a bottleneck because it took the most of the time in the process, but the production group 118 (lathe) was also a bottleneck. 26 % of the cylinder pipes had production group 117 as a bottleneck while the production group 118 had 24%. To optimize the production flow of those pipes it will demand that they should use the production groups more effective with a smaller waste of resources. An alternative to improve manufacturing process could be to invest in a bigger machinery plant of those pipes.

På ABB i Ludvika tillverkar man en mängd produkter för högspänningsanläggningar. En av dessa produkter är ventilavledare. Ventilavledaren är en säkerhetsapparat som ska skydda övrig utrustning mot förekommande överspänningar. Ventilavledarna som tillverkas i Ludvika är gjorda för system från 52kV upp till 800kV, vilket är den högsta spänningen som används i världen idag. Idag finns två varianter av ventilavledare en med porslinisolant och en med polymerisolant. På ABB ser man att kunderna mer och mer eftersträvar polymeravledare. Polymeravledare har p.g.a. mekaniska begränsningar inte kunnat användas i system med högre spänning än ca. 245kV. För att kunna erbjuda polymeravledare för högre spänningar har en ny produkt tagits fram. Den nya produkten kallas PEXLIM Stark. Med den nya produkten innebär en mängd processer som måste arbetas fram. En sådan process är slutmontaget där man monterar de sista detaljerna. Detta arbete har gjorts för att se vilka problem som kan uppstå vid slutmontaget och hur man löser dessa på bästa sätt. / ABB has a big factory in Ludvika where many kinds of apparatus for high voltage systems are manufactured. Among the products are surge arresters, which are used to protect other equipments in power systems against all type of transient overvoltages. The arresters manufactured in Ludvika are for voltage systems from around 52kV up to 800kV which is the highest system voltage level in the world so far. The active elements in the arresters are blocks of ZnO material. The arresters are manufactured utilizing two types of enclosures, porcelains and polymer. Due to the good response from the customers more and more arresters are manufactured with polymer housings but so far the mechanical strength has prevented polymer designs for higher voltages than approximately 245kV. In a new project, therefore, a polymer housed arrester with higher mechanical strength will be developed. The working name for the new product is PEXLIM Strong. Among all the problems which have to be solved during the development of the new product is also how the final assembly of the product shall be performed. In this report, as part of a Bachelor of Science in Machine Engineering, the problems are analyzed and different solutions to obtain an efficient final assembly of the new product are suggested.

The object of this examination project is to produce a method of work sampling at Rapid Granulator AB. The aim is to perform the method at the company and evaluate if it is executable. The study is delimited to the basic construction of the 45-series in the assembly hall. Preparations to produce the method of the work sampling resulted in definitions of activities, a form and a product tree. Several days were spent studying the assembling to learn and understand the entirety. The work sampling result showed a large amount of no value adding time that was used in the assembling. Some of the activities could be reduced and we observed some problems during the assembly process. These problems were noted and are presented to enlighten the company, together with some suggests of changes, with the purpose to reduce the time of the assembly cycle and increase the productivity. Conclusions of the results of the work sampling are discussed at the end. A large amount of tables and charts, connected to preparations and results, is to be found in the appendix.

Abstract My task was to prepare the already designed heating list “Stayhot” for manufacturing. I started with drawing the whole list in the CAD-program. It became obvious that some of the designed components had to be changed to work in practice. A turnable reflector couldn’t be combined with the isolation. The suggested light emitting diodes wouldn’t give enough light, so I cut them out and the problem with light remains to be solved. The old grating had many rods and I changed that to a grating with fewer rods to make it easier to clean. The hanging-up of the grating was also changed. The lower ceasing was changed to be closed towards the reflector to avoid filth and damp. The reflector had a different shape. From having been square it became oval to follow the shape of the above ceasing and have a more even isolation. It also opens up to the possibility to use two heating elements. The heating-source should have been changed to be warmer, but as the new elements didn’t come until my work was almost finished, I couldn’t use it.

<p>This report summarizes a Bachelor Degree Project in Integrated Product Development,carried out during the spring semester in 2007 by three students at the Product Design Engineering programme at the University of Skövde. The project was performed as an assignment for KinBag ab, a sister subsidiary to Kinnegrip ab in Lidköping, who develop,manufacture and market the golf bag KinBag, a bag with an integrated wheel carriage system. The purpose of the project was to redesign the golf bag to attract a target group consisting of golfers aged between 20 and 40.</p><p>The layout of the project was as follows: The project began with a feasibility study where different problems were identified with the basis of a market research which eventually was summarized in a dynamic specification of requirements. The feasibility study was followed by a generation of ideas which contained everything from sketches to simple mock-ups with an intensive amount of thoughtful brainwork and information gathering in between. This led</p><p>to the development of a number of design concepts, both on an overall level and on different parts of the golf bag. Even more detailed models were created and visualized in a three dimensional environment by means of a CAD program.</p><p>The report portrays the product design process and methods utilized in the project, as well as the final result - a full-scale operational prototype of the new generation of KinBag.</p>

<p>Denna rapport är ett resultat av den expansionsfas Söderhamn Eriksson AB i Mariannelund befinner sig i idag. De ökade kraven som ställs på tillverkningsföretag såsom SEMAB/Remill har gjort att kontakt tagits med studenter på Tekniska Högskolan i Jönköping. Den uppgift studenterna stått inför är att analysera och ge förslag, som kan förbättra materialflödet inom verksamheten i Mariannelund.</p><p>Målet med detta projekt är att förbättra och effektivisera nuvarande materialflöde hos SEMAB/Remill. För att uppnå detta mål ges förslag på en ny, fristående enhet för bearbetning av råmaterialet. Layoutförslag och vilka krav som kommer att ställas på en sådan enhet beskrivs och diskuteras. Hur verksamheten skulle kunna förbättras om situationen som råder idag behålls diskuteras vidare i rapporten.</p><p>Studier hos de två befintliga produktionsenheterna har gjorts i olika former. De metodiker som använts är nulägesbeskrivning, kartläggning av materialflöden, intervjuer och en undersökning av servicegraden in till den bearbetning (svetsning eller skärande bearbetning) som följer efter att råmaterialet kapats eller skurits.</p><p>Förseningsundersökningen som gjordes på de två produktionsenheterna gav resultatet att SEMAB hade försening på 20 % av materialet, medan Remill hade 12 % försening på sitt material. På grund av kort undersökningsperiod och något lugnare produktionstakt gav inte denna undersökning den förmodade graden av förseningar som upplevs av personer inom organisationen.</p><p>Resultatet av de analyser och förslag som kommit fram vid intervjuerna har framställts i en ny layout med placering på Remillfastigheten, samt förslag på alternativ placering. Hur företaget skulle kunna förbättra produktiviteten med förbättringsarbete är en annan del av huvudtyngdpunkten i resultatet.</p><p>I diskussionen behandlas de förslag som givits vidare. Fördelar vägs mot nackdelar och alternativ till var en ny enhet skulle kunna vara placerad ges. Ledarskapet är en viktig del vid förbättringsarbete som beskrivs och diskuteras vidare. Förslag som kommit från medarbetare, men inte bearbetats vidare reflekteras i diskussionen.</p><p>Slutsatsen av de analyser och intervjuer som gjorts är att det föreligger problem med materialhanteringen inom verksamheten. Att något måste göras för att förbättra produktiviteten förefaller därför som en självklarhet.</p><p>För att förenkla för läsaren att visuellt skapa sig en bild av hur det ser ut hos SEMAB och Remill har bilagor framställts på layouter och placeringen av de olika enheterna, dels som bilagor sist i rapporten, men även löpande i rapporten.</p>

<p>The object of this examination project is to produce a method of work sampling at Rapid Granulator AB. The aim is to perform the method at the company and evaluate if it is executable. The study is delimited to the basic construction of the 45-series in the assembly hall.</p><p>Preparations to produce the method of the work sampling resulted in definitions of activities, a form and a product tree. Several days were spent studying the assembling to learn and understand the entirety.</p><p>The work sampling result showed a large amount of no value adding time that was used in the assembling. Some of the activities could be reduced and we observed some problems during the assembly process. These problems were noted and are presented to enlighten the company, together with some suggests of changes, with the purpose to reduce the time of the assembly cycle and increase the productivity.</p><p>Conclusions of the results of the work sampling are discussed at the end.</p><p>A large amount of tables and charts, connected to preparations and results, is to be found in the appendix.</p>

<p>Any way of making the manufacturing industry more efficient is always of great interest due to the contribution of manufacturing to the society. A major asset within manufacturing is information about manufacturing systems, as a base when making decisions. The most essential information within manufac-turing industry would be the manufacturing systems capability information. That information would include information about the resource, used process and produced product. Although important, manufacturing systems capability models are rare, and the information seems to be challenging to model.</p><p>The purpose of this thesis is to model manufacturing systems capability with focus on the machining industry.</p><p>In order to model manufacturing system capability, existing information standards has been used as a frame of reference. Some information standards have been evaluated on industrial cases and sometimes modified to serve a specific purpose. The information standards have been evaluated to first separately represent product, process and resource. Thereafter have the infor-mation standards been evaluated to represent all three domains together.</p><p>ISO10303-214 (AP214) has been modified and evaluated to represent any process within manufacturing. The state of the product and the state of used manufacturing system are described and connected to every relevant process step.</p><p>AP214 with ISO10303-224 (AP224) has been used together with a developed method, to describe manufacturing system capability within machining. Within the limitations of AP224 geometrical feature description, the capability of a manufacturing system can be defined and connected to a product description. Using similar feature based description for the capability and the product description, products manufacturability can be evaluated.</p><p>Also ISO14649 and ISO10303-238, both also known as STEP-NC, are treated in this thesis as enablers to describe manufacturing system capability. STEP-NC is shown to describe manufacturing systems within machining where the product, process and resource are collectively described. In order to describe capability and evaluate products manufacturability, STEP-NC has to be extended from describing/modelling one configuration of a manufacturing system to describe a set of configurations.</p>

<p>Today’s industries face an increasing global competition. Decision makers have to deal with different kinds of uncertainty, a complex business ecosystem, a high pace of change, and an unforgiving market when less than best decisions are made. One, among many others, approach that can lead to these better decisions is to have a strategy.</p><p>The objective of this research is:</p><p>“<i>To design a model that supports the formulation of product strategy and manufacturing strategy in accordance to each other and thereby facilitate and encourage continuous communication and collaboration between product development and manufacturing system development.”</i></p><p>To help meet the objective, three chapters of frame of reference are presented; Strategy, development processes and design for X. The frame of reference together with discussions in industry (ITT Flygt) has in an iterative manner lead to a suggested model that supports the formulation of product strategy and manufacturing strategy.</p><p>Future research will improve, evaluate and validate both the usability of the model and the results from using it in practise. A method for using the model will be developed.</p><p>The research project presented in this licentiate thesis is one of seven parallel research projects with a shared objective – to develop systematic working procedures, a generic decision model and decision sub models that support the practical design of a workshop that supports the business strategy of the company.</p>