Given the emerging importance of personalized medicine (PM) in primary care, now should be the ideal time for engaging with health care professionals (HCPs), both physicians and nurses, about integrating PM into practice. The question then becomes: what is the most effective way to engage with HCPs about emerging technologies that are not in routine clinical use and which are unfamiliar to many? The overall aim of this pilot study was to develop and compare two professional engagement (PE) approaches for engaging with HCPs about PM to inform their development and design of a future formal evaluation. The first PE intervention was a structured in-person focus group and the second was an online version, also incorporating an educational component, but without group interaction. The pilot study showed that while participants evaluated both interventions positively, the in-person workshop consistently scored higher; however, recruitment challenges were a major obstacle for this approach.

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Nell’ambito della psicologia fiscale, che studia gli aspetti psicosociali alla base del comportamento dei contribuenti, un numero crescente di ricerche sottolinea l’importanza della buona relazione tra i cittadini, professionisti e autorità fiscali, ai fini della tax compliance. Il progetto studia il “contraddittorio”, uno dei principali touchpoint tra funzionari e professionisti fiscali che si svolge in Agenzia delle Entrate. La ricerca è multi-metodo. Il fenomeno è stato dapprima esplorato con l’“etnografia focalizzata”: sono state individuate quattro strategie di engagement utilizzate dalle autorità durante gli incontri. È stato inoltre trovato che l’incontro vis a vis con le autorità stimola fiducia e la percezione di equità del sistema. Nella seconda parte del lavoro, censuaria, diversi aspetti del contraddittorio sono stati analizzati sul piano quantitativo, sulla popolazione dei funzionari in contraddittorio, attraverso una batteria di item (scale già in uso e scale costruite appositamente). Sono stati individuati i principali aspetti di variazione nell’uso delle strategie. È stata studiata anche la relazione tra appartenenza organizzativa e comportamento sul posto di lavoro dei funzionari. I risultati suggeriscono molteplici aree di indagine rispetto al fare compliance, sia “interna” (verso il personale) che esterna (contribuenti), e numerosi spunti per migliorare l’efficacia dell’azione amministrativa. / In the field of tax psychology, which studies psychosocial antecedents of taxpayer behavior, a growing number of researches emphasize the importance of e good relationship between citizen, tax professionals and tax authorities, for enhancing tax compliance. The project explores the “cross-examination” (“contraddittorio”), one of the main touchpoints between tax officials and taxpayers that takes place in Revenue Agency, thought a multi-method research. The phenomenon was first explored in a “focused ethnography”: four engagement strategies used by authorities during the meeting were identified. The effects of vis a vis with the authorities on trust and the perception of fairness towards the tax system were confirmed. In the second part of the work (census), the several features of the cross examination was quantitatively analyzed on the entire population of tax-officials. A battery of items (made up of validated scales and ad hoc scales developed for the purpose) was used. The main aspects of variation in the use of strategies was identified. The relationship between the tax officials organizational belonging and their behavior at work was also studied. The results suggest multiple areas of investigation with respect of engagement, both “internal” (toward personnel) and external (toward clients) of revenue agency, and ideas for improving the effectiveness of tax administration.