The purpose of this study was to identify the effective teaching characteristics of teachers who participated in the Mentor-Teacher Program and teachers who did not, and then determine if there were any significant differences between the three groups of teachers: (1) Mentor-Teacher Program interns (G.T.A.'s), (2) outstanding O.S.U. graduates, and (3) beginning Beaverton teachers. A survey instrument was utilized to rate teachers in each group by the degree to which they employed each of twenty-three effective teaching characteristics. The one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used at the .05 level of significance to determine whether to accept or reject the null hypothesis that there was no significant difference between the effective teaching characteristics of the three treatment groups of teachers in this study. Based on the findings of this study, there was one major conclusion: there was no significant difference between the teachers who participated in the Mentor-Teacher Program and those teachers who did not. The following recommendations were made: 1. Because there was no significant differences between the groups, the practice of mentoring may best benefit teachers who were not outstanding. Further studies comparing teachers who have participated in the Mentor-Teacher Program with "typical" beginning teachers from various teacher training institutions and mentoring programs might show significant differences between these groups of beginning teachers. 2. Inservice programs aimed at new teachers and their problems might be more effective if they were offered during the first months of teaching, and continued throughout the school year focusing on the problems and needs of first-year teachers. 3. Due to a relatively significant number of outstanding teachers not teaching by the fourth or fifth year, the problem of teacher attrition should be addressed by those teacher training institutions and school districts affected by the loss of so many talented and experienced teachers. / Graduation date: 1990

Canadian professions have, paradoxically, lost prestige at least in a relative sense, despite being the prototype for the expanding new economy. The early 1990s saw a transition from the old economy to a new economy emphasizing a highly educated and knowledge-focused workforce that values flexibility, innovation and risk. Professions exemplify the knowledge-intensive and education-centered traits emerging in the new economy particularly well. This research examines factors that influenced changes in the prestige ratings of professions during the 40-year period between 1965 and 2005. Occupational prestige and census data collected in 2005 are used to measure the impact of changes in education, income, and the gender composition of professions on the prestige levels. Abbott’s “professional purity” thesis is also used to examine the effects of people-complex versus data-complex practices on prestige ratings. The influence of rater characteristics is also examined in terms of prestige allocation to professions. Finally, using a lawyer survey, the prestige associated with areas within the legal profession is examined in a study of internal stratification. Professions experienced a relative gain in occupational prestige over this 40 year period; however, professions did not gain as much in comparison to all occupations. In predicting 2005 occupational prestige between 1965 and 2005, the change in income, data and people-complex tasks, gender of incumbents, and the gender of the rater all impact the prestige that professions receive. Women’s increase in numerical representation within professions increases the 2005 prestige ratings of professions. In predicting 2005 prestige, female raters attributed significantly more and male respondents attributed significantly less prestige to professions. Gender significantly predicted the level of law an individual practiced and the distribution of gender across specializations also suggests that the legal specializations where many women work are less prestigious than men’s specializations.

The purpose of this essay is to illustrate how an organisation with several different cultural activities, such as a regional museum, works with anemphasis on participation. The essay focuses on Kulturparken Småland AB, which encourages the public to be more involved in its activities. Aqualitative approach is used, including nine interviews with employees at theorganisation. A number of theories form the basis of this study: institutionaltheory, which focuses on the context of the organisation, Bourdieu’s theoriesof different capital and Abbott’s theory regarding professionals. In the resultsand analyses section, three operators/actors are identified that in differentways impact upon Kulturparken Småland´s work with participation. Theoperators are the following: the cultural politics arena, the general public andthe scientific community. The results demonstrate that these three operatorsplace the organization under different pressures that affect its identity,professions and aspirations of legitimacy.

Canadian professions have, paradoxically, lost prestige at least in a relative sense, despite being the prototype for the expanding new economy. The early 1990s saw a transition from the old economy to a new economy emphasizing a highly educated and knowledge-focused workforce that values flexibility, innovation and risk. Professions exemplify the knowledge-intensive and education-centered traits emerging in the new economy particularly well. This research examines factors that influenced changes in the prestige ratings of professions during the 40-year period between 1965 and 2005. Occupational prestige and census data collected in 2005 are used to measure the impact of changes in education, income, and the gender composition of professions on the prestige levels. Abbott’s “professional purity” thesis is also used to examine the effects of people-complex versus data-complex practices on prestige ratings. The influence of rater characteristics is also examined in terms of prestige allocation to professions. Finally, using a lawyer survey, the prestige associated with areas within the legal profession is examined in a study of internal stratification. Professions experienced a relative gain in occupational prestige over this 40 year period; however, professions did not gain as much in comparison to all occupations. In predicting 2005 occupational prestige between 1965 and 2005, the change in income, data and people-complex tasks, gender of incumbents, and the gender of the rater all impact the prestige that professions receive. Women’s increase in numerical representation within professions increases the 2005 prestige ratings of professions. In predicting 2005 prestige, female raters attributed significantly more and male respondents attributed significantly less prestige to professions. Gender significantly predicted the level of law an individual practiced and the distribution of gender across specializations also suggests that the legal specializations where many women work are less prestigious than men’s specializations.

The sociological literature on professions often portrays medicine and law as ideal-type professions. This is asserted largely on the basis of a list of criteria that tends to commonly include: extended education, specialized knowledge, prestige and autonomy. Other occupations, such as teaching, are seen to not measure up. This study questions the legitimacy of this claim and the relevance of literature, which does not seem to recognize the current reality of teacher’s work. Based on data collected through interviews with high school teachers, it becomes clear that they see themselves in a very different light. The issues that are of particular interest are the way the education system’s structure actually increases teacher autonomy and the importance of self-perception to professionalism. The need to reassess the literature is argued in light of these missing elements.

Texte remanié de: Mémoire pour l'habilitation à diriger des recherches--Sociologie--Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines. / Bibliogr. p. 237-247. Index.

Proef.--Utrecht--Universiteit Utrecht, 2008. / Mention parallèle de titre ou de responsabilité : Dialectiek in proces : Rationaliteit, kennis en middenmanagers in het aanbestedingsproces. Bibliogr. p. 302-309.

Thèse de doctorat : Sciences économiques : Lyon 2 : 2000. / Titre provenant de l'écran-titre. Bibliogr.

Thesis--Freie Universität, Berlin. / Bibliography: p. [149]-160.

This thesis examines the best system for health professions regulation in Ethiopia with a view to sketch the roles of state and non-state actors in that system. It argues for statist regulation as self-regulation is worrisome for its tendency to promote private interest instead over public protection. A statist regulation is an efficient system that is more capable of establishing accountable and procedurally fair processes and strengthening public trust than a system of self-regulation. But the state lacks capacity, expertise, and legitimacy, and risks capture and corruption. These could be resolved through an enforcement strategy rooted in responsive regulation theory. That strategy should emphasize soft regulatory instruments, which requires utilization of the capacity and motivation of non-state actors, particularly health professional associations. A statist regulatory framework that harnesses the contribution of non-state actors in implementing soft regulatory strategies would effectively protect patients and improve the quality of health care services in Ethiopia.