<p> Our study is concerned with the problem of locating public facilities. We suggest that public facilities and the services therein generate locational impacts which can be best elicited through a behavioral approach and more particularly through attitude theory.</p> <p> In this framework of analysis, we postulate two alternative hypotheses in an attempt to circumscribe the essential dimensions of impact of public facilities and services. We suggest that either different kinds of externalities are imposed upon the users and the non-users of public goods or the impacts generated by public goods are essentially the same. In the latter case, they are evaluated differently and given different psychological weights. The attitudes developed through the evaluation of public goods are found to be the best indicators of the extent and intensity of their impacts. While attitude formation is a multidimensional process involving tangible and intangible elements we show that the resulting attitudes are largely dependent upon locational factors and distance relationships.</p> <p> In order to evaluate the attitudes of users and non-users we develop a Semantic Differential scale relating the characteristics of public services to the attitude system of individuals.</p> <p> Finally, we give the attitude score a "utility" interpretation placing the analysis in a planning context: that of environmental satisfaction and conflict situations due to the location of public facilities.</p> / Thesis / Master of Arts (MA)

No description available.

O estudo refere-se a uma pesquisa que teve por objetivo discutir a implementação de atividades de Educação Nutricional em Serviços Públicos de Saúde, através da visão dos profissionais que tradicionalmente atuam nesses serviços: médicos e enfermeiros. Utilizou-se o método da pesquisa-ação descrito por Thiollent, o qual pressupõe uma intervenção do pesquisador na realidade e a proposta de aumentar o conhecimento e a consciência dos sujeitos pesquisados a respeito da problemática estudada. Os resultados descrevem: a construção do saber sobre Nutrição através das Instituições formadoras, Instituições profissionais e vivência profissional; a conduta adotada face aos problemas relativos à alimentação no cotidiano profissional em contraposição ao enfrentamento dos mesmos no cotidiano pessoal; a percepção dos profissionais acerca das atividades de Educação Nutricional, segundo a conceituação de educação/orientação, tipificação de papéis profissionais e processo de institucionalização; a visão dos profissionais relativa à Educação Nutricional frente a situações contraditórias: problema clínico versus problema alimentar, nutrição versus renda e problemas de saúde emergentes no Brasil: doenças crônico-degenerativas. Nas considerações finais são apresentadas propostas norteadoras de ações futuras visando a institucionalização da prestação deste serviço e o desenvolvimento da Educação Nutricional no âmbito do ensino e da pesquisa. / This work concerns a study that had as its objective the discussion of the implementation of Nutritional Education activities in Public Health Services by means of the point of view of the professionals who take part in these services: doctors and nurses. The action-research method described by Thiollent was used. This method presupposes an intervention of the researcher in reality and proposes increasing the understanding and awareness of the problem studied on the part of the subjects involved in the study. The results describe: the construction of knowledge about Nutrition by means of educational and professional institutions and professional life; the behaviour adopted in the face of problems relating to food practices in daily professional living in contrast to facing the same problems in daily pcrsonal living; the perception of professionals about activities of Nutritional Education according to education/orientation conceptualisation, typography of professional roles and the process of institutionalisation; the view of the professional regarding Nutritional Education when confronting contradictory situations like clinical problems versus alimentary problems, nutrition versus income and emerging health problems in Brazil such as chronic-degenerative illnesses. The final considerations present orientating proposals for futurc action seeking the institutionalisation of offering this service and the development of Nutritional Education in the sphere of teaching and research.

O estudo refere-se a uma pesquisa que teve por objetivo discutir a implementação de atividades de Educação Nutricional em Serviços Públicos de Saúde, através da visão dos profissionais que tradicionalmente atuam nesses serviços: médicos e enfermeiros. Utilizou-se o método da pesquisa-ação descrito por Thiollent, o qual pressupõe uma intervenção do pesquisador na realidade e a proposta de aumentar o conhecimento e a consciência dos sujeitos pesquisados a respeito da problemática estudada. Os resultados descrevem: a construção do saber sobre Nutrição através das Instituições formadoras, Instituições profissionais e vivência profissional; a conduta adotada face aos problemas relativos à alimentação no cotidiano profissional em contraposição ao enfrentamento dos mesmos no cotidiano pessoal; a percepção dos profissionais acerca das atividades de Educação Nutricional, segundo a conceituação de educação/orientação, tipificação de papéis profissionais e processo de institucionalização; a visão dos profissionais relativa à Educação Nutricional frente a situações contraditórias: problema clínico versus problema alimentar, nutrição versus renda e problemas de saúde emergentes no Brasil: doenças crônico-degenerativas. Nas considerações finais são apresentadas propostas norteadoras de ações futuras visando a institucionalização da prestação deste serviço e o desenvolvimento da Educação Nutricional no âmbito do ensino e da pesquisa. / This work concerns a study that had as its objective the discussion of the implementation of Nutritional Education activities in Public Health Services by means of the point of view of the professionals who take part in these services: doctors and nurses. The action-research method described by Thiollent was used. This method presupposes an intervention of the researcher in reality and proposes increasing the understanding and awareness of the problem studied on the part of the subjects involved in the study. The results describe: the construction of knowledge about Nutrition by means of educational and professional institutions and professional life; the behaviour adopted in the face of problems relating to food practices in daily professional living in contrast to facing the same problems in daily pcrsonal living; the perception of professionals about activities of Nutritional Education according to education/orientation conceptualisation, typography of professional roles and the process of institutionalisation; the view of the professional regarding Nutritional Education when confronting contradictory situations like clinical problems versus alimentary problems, nutrition versus income and emerging health problems in Brazil such as chronic-degenerative illnesses. The final considerations present orientating proposals for futurc action seeking the institutionalisation of offering this service and the development of Nutritional Education in the sphere of teaching and research.

Public employment services are provided in all developed economies, justified on the basis of a public interest in efficient, effective operation of national labour markets. Although such countries adopt different approaches to delivering these services each offers what I refer to as ‘the three essential roles of a public employment service’. These are labour exchange services, providing job brokerage to labour market participants to enhance the efficiency of the labour market; an equity role, offering assistance to disadvantaged jobseekers to improve their prospects of employment; and a ‘compliance monitoring role’ which contributes to maintaining the integrity of the welfare system by detecting welfare abuse. Informed by a body of research on policies and practices in the OECD I construct a model of a notional public employment service incorporating these three essential roles that I call ‘an OECD model’. The Job Network, an early policy reform of a newly-elected Coalition government, appeared to replicate ‘the OECD model’, insofar as it performed brokerage, offered equity measures and conducted invigilation of welfare compliance. However, it differed from its predecessor, the CES, in two significant respects. First it was created by the bureaucracy as a new ‘market’ in which all employment services were purchased through a competitive tending process from private sector providers; in this, it was unique in the OECD. Second, rather than offering prescribed employment programs and services designed by public officials, private providers were free to determine the needs of clients (within broadly-defined service categories) and devise their own strategies to achieve contractually-defined ‘outcomes’ for which they would be paid. Services were focused particularly on disadvantaged jobseekers who were expected to receive personalised assistance tailored to overcome their complex or multiple barriers to employment. The purpose of my thesis is to discover whether the Job Network (in the period from its inception to the end of the second contract) was an OECD model, by which I mean whether its three roles were conceptualised, constructed and delivered in ways that enabled them to perform the same functions as the three essential roles of the OECD model. I see this question as involving two distinct, but interrelated issues. First, I am concerned to discover whether the three roles of the Job Network share the objectives and priorities of their counterparts in the OECD model, positing that these will shape the design of services. Second, informed by a body of literature which draws attention to a range of issues emerging from privatisation of public services, I consider the impacts that private delivery had on the design and implementation of its services. iv I approach this task from a qualitative perspective to explore assumptions and priorities underpinning the political construction of the issues deemed to require policy intervention and the responses to these as reflected in the design and implementation of services, noting the effects of practices on service recipients. I argue that, together, these are the determinants of the Job Network’s policy objectives and capacities. I take as my data the political discourse, bureaucratic texts, interview materials and texts of service recipients that I have gathered to investigate, in turn, each of the three roles of the Job Network using tools and techniques from the broader field of discourse analysis, selecting those most appropriate to the nature of the data. My analysis concludes that the Job Network’s three roles do not reflect those of the OECD model, first because they are predicated on different policy objectives and second, because privatisation of service delivery affected the design of its services and the priorities of service providers in ways that undermined its capacity to perform the ‘essential roles’. The evidence suggests that ideological-based assumptions and preferences of a conservative government steered the Job Network towards prioritising its role in compliance monitoring, positioning it as a tool of welfare reform rather delivering interventions to enhance efficiency or equity in the labour market such as those predicated of the OECD model.

Thesis (M. Sc.)--University of Canterbury, 2008. / Typescript (photocopy). Includes bibliographical references (leaves 156-162). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Orientador: Helenice Bosco de Oliveira / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-17T18:38:51Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 FerreiraJunior_Sergio_M.pdf: 747663 bytes, checksum: a25726e53762dc99adb1adc720db49d8 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2011 / Resumo: Este estudo analisou comparativamente o conhecimento, atitudes e práticas dos detentos e dos funcionários da unidade prisional III do Complexo Penitenciário e Rede Pública de Saúde do município Hortolândia-SP sobre tuberculose e HIV/aids. Trata-se de um estudo seccional que utilizou o questionário KAP, do inglês, Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices, instrumento de pesquisa utilizado em vários estudos para coleta de dados a respeito do conhecimento, práticas e atitudes de uma determinada população em relação à saúde. Participaram do estudo de 506 indivíduos: 141 detentos, 115 funcionários do presídio e 250 funcionários da rede pública de saúde. Para a análise das variáveis foi utilizado o programa epi-info versão 6.4. Para as variáveis dependentes foi utilizado o teste do qui-quadrado e considerado com significância estatística o valor de p<0,05. Os resultados demonstraram muitos conceitos equivocados sobre a transmissão, sintomas, tratamento e cura da TB, bem como na transmissão do HIV/AIDS entre os três grupos pesquisados. O restrito acesso dos detentos às várias fontes de informação como T.V. rádio, e internet, permite que estes tomem conhecimento sobre a tuberculose apenas por meio dos poucos folhetos e cartazes que chegam até as celas. Os funcionários do presídio, apesar de terem amplo acesso às várias fontes de informação, bom nível de escolaridade e trabalharem na unidade prisional por longo tempo, não tiveram um bom desempenho nesta pesquisa. Com relação à rede pública de saúde, os resultados apontam erros conceituais básicos sobre o conhecimento dos sinais e sintomas da TB e sobre as formas de transmissão, infecção e prevenção da doença, informações que poderiam ser acessadas em qualquer manual de controle da tuberculose. Os resultados indicam haver falhas nos treinamentos replicados na rede pública e a falta de multidisciplinaridade, intersetorialidade e demandam a necessidade de reavaliação da metodologia e logística utilizadas nestas capacitações. Sobre a utilização do questionário KAP, o instrumento mostrou ser eficaz na coleta de dados gerais sobre o conhecimento e dados sociodemográficos, que podem colaborar para o planejamento das ações dos programas de tuberculose e serem utilizados nas ações de Advocacy Controle e Mobilização Social, entretanto mostrou limitação e fragilidade na validação dos resultados sobre práticas e atitudes. Este estudo pode colaborar para a discussão e validação do roteiro KAP como método adequado para explorar o conhecimento, atitudes e práticas na saúde de diferentes populações / Abstract: This study analyzed comparatively the knowledge, attitudes and practices of the prisoners, employees from the prison unit III of the Penitentiary Complex and health care workers of Hortolândia city, in São Paulo state, Brazil about tuberculosis and HIV/aids. It is about of a sectional study that used the KAP questionnaire, research instrument used in various studies for the gathering of data about the knowledge, attitudes and practices of a certain population in relation to health. On the study participated 506 Individuals: 141 prisoners, 115 prison employees and 250 health care workers. For the variables analysis was used theprogram Epi-info version 6.4. For the dependent variables was used the qui-square and considered a significant statistic the value of p<0,05. The results have demonstrated many wrong concepts about the transmission, symptoms, treatment and cure of TB, as on the transmission of HIV/aids among the three researched groups. The restricted access of the prisoners to various sources of information like T.V., radio and internet have made possible that these take knowledge about the tuberculosis only through a few flayers and posters that got to the cells. The prison employees, despite having great access to information sources, a nice education level and work on the prison for a long time, they have not had a good performance on this research. In relation to the health care workers, the results point basic conceptual mistakes about the knowledge of the signs and symptoms of TB and yet, wrong ideas about the ways of transmission, infection and prevention from the disease, information that could have been accessed in any tuberculosis control manual. The results still pointed to have imperfections on the replicated trainings on the public health and the lack of multidisciplinary and inter sectional and demand the necessity of methodological and logistic re-evaluation used for the realization of these capabilities. About the use of the KAP questionnaire has shown to be a very effective instrument on the data gathering that can collaborate for the planning of actions on the programs of tuberculosis and DST/aids to be used also on the actions of Advocacy Control and Social Mobilization. The results still can instigate the discussion about the validation of this instrument to the Portuguese language and the using of it as an adequate methodology to explore the knowledge, attitudes and practices of different health populations / Mestrado / Epidemiologia / Mestre em Saude Coletiva

Tyrimo objektas – viešųjų elektroninių paslaugų žemes ūkio subjektams teikimas. Tyrimo tikslas – parengti moksliniais tyrimais pagrįstas elektroninių paslaugų žemės ūkio subjektams teikimo tobulinimo priemones. Tyrimo uždaviniai: 1. Išanalizuoti elektroninių paslaugų teorines koncepcijas. 2. Ištirti ir įvertinti elektroninių viešųjų paslaugų būklę LR valstybinėse ir savivaldos institucijose. 3. Ištirti ir įvertinti elektronines viešąsias paslaugas žemės ūkio subjektams. 4. Parengti elektroninių viešųjų paslaugų žemės ūkio subjektams teikimo tobulinimo priemonių planą. Tyrimo metodai: mokslinės literatūros analizė, dokumentų analizė, lyginamoji analizė, loginės analizės ir modeliavimo metodas, sintezė, palyginimas, indukcija, dedukcija, grafinis vaizdavimas. Tyrimo rezultatai: Pirmoje darbo dalyje pateikti atliktos elektroninių paslaugų koncepcijų, elektroninių paslaugų ir elektroninės valdžios sampratų sąsajų, modelių ir brandumo lygių analizės rezultatai. Antroje darbo dalyje pateikti empirinio tyrimo rezultatai. Nustatyta, kad elektroninės žemės ūkio paslaugos yra sunkiai randamos, nėra skiriamas atskiras elektroninių paslaugų teikėjų dėmesys žemės ūkio subjektams, tačiau sėkmingai veikia ir teikia elektronines paslaugas žemės ūkio subjektams „Žemės ūkio informacijos ir kaimo verslo centro“ internetinis portalas. Trečioje darbo dalyje, remiantis teorinės analizės ir empirinio tyrimo rezultatais, pateiktas sudarytas elektroninių paslaugų žemės ūkio subjektams teikimo... [toliau žr. visą tekstą] / Research object – provision of public electronic services for agricultural subjects. Research aim – to prepare research-based measures for improvement of electronic services provision for agricultural subjects. Objectives: 1. to analyze the theoretical concepts of electronic services; 2. to investigate and assess the state of electronic public services in state and local government institutions of the Republic of Lithuania; 3. to investigate and evaluate electronic public services for agricultural subjects; 4. to prepare plan of improvement measures for electronic public services provision for agricultural subjects. Research methods: analysis and synthesis of literature and documents, comparative analysis, logical analysis and modeling method, synthesis, induction, deduction, graphical representation. Research results: The first part analyzes concepts of electronic services, interface of electronic services and e-government, models and maturity levels of public electronic services. The second part discusses that the electronic services for agricultural subjects are difficult to find, agricultural subjects do not receive a special attention of e-services providers, but "Agricultural Information and Rural Business Center” Web site operates successfully and provides some electronic services to agricultural subjects. The third part, on the basis of theoretical analysis and empirical research, presents plan of improvement measures of electronic public services provision for... [to full text]

O estudo centra-se na produção dos serviços do transporte público urbano de pessoas, visando o desenvolvimento de uma nova metodologia e modelo para sua gestão, sustentado na mobilidade urbana e princípios do desenvolvimento sustentável. Esta concepção compreende a formação de áreas urbanas orientadas pela multisetorialidade, estruturação de redes, distribuição de atividades geradoras de viagens, responsabilidade social, integração, inclusão social, e ênfase na geração de espaços saudáveis para os cidadãos. Com base na análise da situação atual do transporte urbano, os dados secundários mostram o esgotamento dos modelos tradicionais de tratamento para a gestão de services desta natureza, aliada a uma abordagem restrita, orientada por soluções setoriais e funcionalistas, onde o transporte aparece como um fim em si mesmo.. Por outro lado, a revisão do estado da arte aponta a abordagem da sustentabilidade como potencial alternativa a promover mudanças positivas no que se refere à busca de soluções para problemas de transporte; não somente restrita ao entendimento do transporte sustentável a partir de soluções tecnológicas, mas fundamentalmente, segundo uma definição mais ampla, que enfatiza soluções integradas, incluindo melhorias na mobilidade urbana, desenvolvimento econômico, através de novos arranjos organizacionais. Neste sentido, referindo-se ao tratamento do transporte urbano como um instrumento ligado à cadeia de atividades diárias de vida dos cidadãos, o estudo propõe a criação de um modelo relacional, através da gestão compartilhada pelos diferentes Agentes envolvidos. Desta forma, níveis mais elevados de mobilidade urbana são promovidos através do transporte público ou modos não motorizados, com alcance de melhor qualidade de vida para a população das cidades. A abordagem teórica de redes interorganizacionais, e os conceitos de gestão da mobilidade explorando a relação entre o uso do solo, transporte e outros setores produtivos oferecem o suporte conceitual para a presente pesquisa desenvolvida com base qualitativa. Visando a ilustração teórica e o teste das condições para o desenvolvimento da nova metodologia de abordagem do problema e proposição de um novo modelo de gestão, um ensaio ilustrativo foi desenvolvido, aplicado em pesquisa empírica realizada na Comunidade da Maré, situada na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. Através de técnicas de grupos focais e entrevistas em profundidade, os Agentes envolvidos nas atividades produtivas da rede de transporte foram identificados. Suas necessidades, limitações e percepções relacionadas à nova proposta de gestão intersetorial foram exploradas, de modo a subsidiar o estudo de factibilidade e vertente metodológica de implantação do novo modelo relacional proposto. As bases teóricas e as proposições da agenda intersetorial foram desenvolvidas e avalizadas junto aos stakeholders, originando-se o modelo de gestão: FÓRUM MÓBILE. Desta forma, a pesquisa analisa o potencial de novas formas de gestão para serviços de transporte público urbano de pessoas, com base em critérios de eqüidade econômica, social e ambiental. / The study focuses on the urban public transport service production, aiming the development of a new methodology and a managerial model, supported by the mobility and sustainable development principles that comprise the conception of the environmental urban areas oriented to multi-sectoriality, structuring networks, distribution of trip generating activities, social responsibility, integration and social inclusion and proximity emphasizing livable spaces for citizens. Based on the analysis of the current situation of urban transport, secondary data show the depletion of traditional models, underpinned by a narrow approach oriented only to transport issues. On the other hand, the state-of-the-art review points out that sustainability approach may require changing the way people think about how to solve transportation problems. A narrow definition of sustainable transport tends to favor individual technological solutions, while a broader definition tends emphasize integrated solutions, including improved travel choices, economic incentives, and new organizational arrangements. Referring to the treatment of urban transportation as an instrument linked to the chain of daily activities of citizens, the study proposes setting up a relational model, through the shared management by the various stakeholders involved, where higher levels of urban mobility are promoted through the public transport or not motorized modes achieving higher levels of quality of life for urban population. The theoretical approach of interorganizational networks and the concepts of the mobility management exploring land use and transport relationship give conceptual support to the current research developed on the qualitative basis. Aiming the illustration and testing of the conditions for the development of the new methodology to approach the problem and propose a managerial model, there is an example developed, applying the extensive survey at a specific location within the low-income community in the Metropolitan Area. Through the focus group techniques and in-depth interviews the agents that could be involved in the transport-activity network are identified and their needs, constraints and perceptions related to the new proposal are explored. This way the research examines the potential of new forms of management, based on the economic, social and environmental equity criteria.

Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) represents an emerging architectural approach that is able to tackle challenges in the contemporary service-based economy, in which the global market revenues are shifting from the manufacture of traditional off-the-shelf products to the provision of diversified services that suffice for customers’ needs. In such a service-based economy, one can envisage an entirely “service-oriented” world, where a massive number of distributed services with different natures and capabilities are provided by various professionals around the world. Problems arise when business applications demand desirable services through different sources and providers that are appropriate for their own benefits and preferences. Therefore, it can be very challenging to design an SOA infrastructure that enables users to exploit this great level of service heterogeneity and quantity. One of the key issues in service-oriented architecture is to achieve efficient service discovery and loosely-coupled service distribution while maintaining a satisfactory degree of scalability, usability, and Web consistency. This thesis deals with SOA infrastructure-level design and implementation issues. It approaches this SOA infrastructure within the scope of Web services, which capture an important, and perhaps the best, ‘realisation’ of SOA. It investigates and formulates how public Web services distributed across the World Wide Web can be augmented by a software platform that enables scalable, user-centred,semantic-enabled, and integration-oriented service retrieval, selection, and matching. The primary goal of this thesis is thus to propose a conceptual framework of an enhanced SOA infrastructure with regard to service distribution and discovery. / It also aims to design and implement a platform (PWSP), by means of which a large number of public Web services on the Web can be distributed based on service demands, retrieved based on service descriptions, selected based on service qualities, and matched based on service messages in a user-centred, scalable, and Web-consistent manner without augmenting existing Web services standards.