The primary intent of this study is to examine the impact of governmental regulations on Small Business Enterprises located at the Campbellton Plaza. Campbellton Plaza is one of the fourteen commercial districts in Atlanta which has been targeted for revitalization by the City of Atlanta. The project is a joint venture operated by Southwest Economic Development Corporation, the Citizens and Southern National Bank, the Atlanta Economic Development Corporation, Georgia State University Small Business Program and the Bureau of Planning. The writer, through working with the small businesses and the city government at the Campbellton Plaza observed that the federal government as well as state and local municipalities played important roles by giving assistance to small business in several ways. For the merchants to be eligible for the needed assistance, they have to comply with several criteria, regulatory guidelines and deadline. Although this study is confined to the Campbellton Plaza, it is hoped that the study will contribute to a better understanding of the impacts of the governmental regulations on small business in general by the readers of this paper. This study was chosen because of constant complaints by the merchants about the criteria in getting the Business Improvement Loan Fund designated to the Campbellton Plaza. The data for this study were obtained from both primary and secondary sources, and the methodology employed is descriptive analysis.

The primary intent of this degree paper is to discuss some of the probable impact of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 on Blacks. An attempt has been made to show the economic status of the Black population and to explain the probable impact of the Tax Reform Act of 1986 on it. The old tax system had several shortcomings which prompted the need for tax reform. Among the several reasons for a new tax system were lack of efficiency and equity in the old system. Black politicians advocated more support for the equity side due to the disproportional distribution of the Black population, the distribution of income (majority of Black incomes are found in the lower income brackets and only about 20 percent of their income comes from property while majority of it comes from employment). Also, proportionally, more Black female head of households are found in that category (head of household) than White females. These circumstances would put the Black population in a position to bear more of the tax burden proportionally, than the White population. The major findings of the study were that (1) the restructuring of the tax rates could lower the progressivity of the tax system (this could probably have a disproportional adverse impact on the Black population), and (2) that the increase in the standard deduction and personal exemptions would probably compensate for this adverse impact on Blacks and other minority groups. It was concluded that the impact of the overall tax system on the tax burdens of the Black population, depends on the extent to which the system stresses progressive versus regressive taxes. There is still room for improvement and reform, and that through more research, income tax reforms can be made better. The main sources of information for this paper include The Atlanta Journal and Constitution, Consumer Reports, National Tax Journal, publications from the Bureau of the Census, and the Internal Revenue Service. Also, a wide variety of primary and secondary information was used.

The primary intent of this paper is to examine the impact of literacy training on workplace illiteracy. Specifically, the paper examines the effectiveness of a computer-based literacy training program called the Principle of the Alphabet System (PALS) organized for an identified group of City of Atlanta illiterate employees. This paper focuses on five employees located in the Parks Maintenance Bureau of the Department of Parks, Recreation and Cultural Affairs. The issues addressed in this study focus on definitions of functional literacy and correlations between workplace literacy and job performance. The study is significant, for, it draws attention to the role literacy programs can play within the workplace. The findings of the study showed that literacy training does have a positive impact on adult illiterates in the workplace by enabling them to meet the basic literacy demands of their jobs. Literacy training also heightens an individual's self-confidence and gives employees the motivation to pursue higher career goals. The study also showed that a computer-based literacy training program is a highly effective means of training adult illiterates and is appealing to most adult literacy students. Both primary and secondary sources of information were utilized for the study. Primary sources included a telephone survey administered to City of Atlanta employees who completed the literacy training program. Other primary sources were interviews with City of Atlanta personnel and others involved in the training program. Secondary sources of data included books, journal articles, public documents, and periodicals.

Black voter participation has received considerable scholarly attention. Indeed, an important relationship exists between rates of political activity for blacks and the development of public policy by legislative bodies, elected officials, and governmental administrators. That is, ethnic affinity has long been an important symbolic component of American politics, and ethnic identification has often provided an incentive for otherwise inactive voters to vote for a representative of their ethnic community. The presence of a minority member on the ballot might be expected to increase minority group participation particularly when the candidate is running for an office such as state senator that is considered important. This study begins to address this paucity by exploring factors which influence blacks to participate in the political process, specifically the voting patterns of black registered voters as exemplified in both the primary and the run-off elections in the 35th State Senate District Democratic Primary in South Fulton County, Georgia. Data from interviews with 561 black voters as they left the polls on election day, September 4, 1984, is used to explore what influences black voters to participate in the political process. A tentative analysis of white racial bloc voting patterns in the district will be explored. White racial bloc voting means that whites will vote only for white candidates, and that no matter what the qualifications of black candidates, there will be one or more white candidates who will attract nearly all of the white votes. Additionally, this study suggests that evidence from a growing body of research clearly indicates that black electoral participation influences the distribution of public benefits at the state and local levels. The major findings of the study are as follows: 1. The State Senate District 35 exhibited a pattern of racial bloc voting; and 2. A surprisingly high degree of political participation by black voters was exhibited during the election(s).

The primary purpose of this study is to examine the Managing Criminal Investigations Incentive Program (MCI) by analyzing its components and assessing to what extent these components were successfully implemented, The MCI concept was to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of the management of criminal investigations. MCI was developed and implemented by the Atlanta Bureau of Police Services (ABPS) and initiated in Zone One of the Bureau. The stated objectives of the MCI Program were: (1) to train and motivate patrol officers to conduct and document thorough preliminary investigations, thus improving the preliminary reports for the continuing investigations; (2) to develop a case screening method which would identify cases which are most susceptible to solution, thereby allowing efforts to be directed towards cases most likely to be solved; (3) to improve the efficiency of investigations through improved case management; (4) to increase the rate of case acceptance by the prosecutor and the rate of conviction of prosecuted cases; through more thorough preparation (of cases); and (5) to develop a monitoring system which would allow for evaluation of the criminal investigation process. The conclusions of this paper have been reached based upon the results of an exploratory inquiry of policies, procedures, reports and performance data relative to the implementation of the MCI program in Zone One of the ABPS. In addition, conclusions were drawn based on the results of attitudinal surveys distributed among MCI participants.

Andreas Wieg, Abteilungsleiter Vorstandsstab des „Deutschen Genossenschafts- und Raiffeisenverband e. V.“, befasst sich in seinem Beitrag mit der Krisenerprobung und Krisenresistenz des genossenschaftlichen Ordnungsmodells. Dabei geht er auf die genossenschaftliche Organisationsstruktur und auf die Genossenschaftsarten ein. Er beschreibt Möglichkeiten von Genossenschaftsgründungen und geht abschließend auf die Nachhaltigkeit neuer Genossenschaften ein.

Wolfgang George, Honorarprofessor der TH Mittelhessen und Vorstand der Andramedos eG, diskutiert ausgehend von seiner Definition der Regionalität Potenziale genossenschaftlicher Lösungen am Beispiel der Regionalen Energieversorgung (REV). Er resümiert, dass das Potenzial genossenschaftlicher Lösungen bis heute in diesem Feld nicht annähernd ausgeschöpft sei.

Tilmann Bezzenberger, Professur für Bürgerliches Recht, Gesellschaftsrecht und Europäisches Zivilrecht an der Universität Potsdam, befasst sich in seinem Beitrag zum Thema „Institutional Choice: Kapitalgesellschaft oder Genossenschaft?“ mit den Interessen und der Organisation in Genossenschaften und Kapitalgesellschaften. Er diskutiert die Frage, welche Rolle Genossenschaften oder Kapitalgesellschaften für die öffentliche Hand spielen. Im Detail geht er auf genossenschaftliche Privatisierungen, auf Energieversorgungs-Genossenschaften von öffentlicher Hand und von Bürgern sowie auf Aktiengesellschaften als Alternative ein.

Helmut Amschler, Vorstand der Stadtwerke Grafenwöhr, stellt in seinem Beitrag 2 konkrete Genossenschaften – die Neue Energien West eG und die Bürger-Energiegenossenschaft West eG vor. Dabei diskutiert er u. a. Kriterien wie Bürgerbeteiligung und Transparenz.

Klaus-Dirk Henke, em. Lehrstuhlinhaber für Öffentliche Finanzen und Gesundheitsökonomie am Institut für Volkswirtschaftslehre und Wirtschaftsrecht der TU Berlin, behandelt, ausgehend von der derzeitigen Leistungserbringung im Gesundheitssektor, Chancen und Risiken der Leistungserbringung durch Genossenschaften.