The past decade has seen a rise in research on social, relational and indirect aggression, with a burgeoning focus only recently on the psychosocial consequences of being a target of such behaviours. It is widely understood that experiencing social aggression can trigger internal distress for children and adolescents, but far less is known about the nature and extent of longer-term psychosocial consequences. In this qualitative study, I aim to begin filling this gap by exploring how young women make meaning from experiences of social aggression in adolescence, with a particular focus on how they understand the impact of these experiences on their sense of self and relation to others in adulthood. Seven women between the ages of 25 and 32 were interviewed using a modified collaborative narrative method (Arvay, 2003). Interviews were transcribed and interpreted in narrative form to preserve the unique voice and experience of each participant. Five themes emerged through a process of categorical-content analysis as described by Lieblich, Tuval-Mashiach & Zilber (1998). Themes address participants' meaning-making following experiences of social aggression in terms of the (1) struggle to understand, (2) loss of trust in relationship, (3) changes in sense of self, (4) psychosocial responses, and (5) process of reframing of the experience in adulthood. The themes are discussed within the context of relevant qualitative and quantitative literature on the psychosocial consequence of social, relational and indirect aggression in adolescence and adulthood. Implications for school and community counselling practice and suggestions for future research are examined.

The past decade has seen a rise in research on social, relational and indirect aggression, with a burgeoning focus only recently on the psychosocial consequences of being a target of such behaviours. It is widely understood that experiencing social aggression can trigger internal distress for children and adolescents, but far less is known about the nature and extent of longer-term psychosocial consequences. In this qualitative study, I aim to begin filling this gap by exploring how young women make meaning from experiences of social aggression in adolescence, with a particular focus on how they understand the impact of these experiences on their sense of self and relation to others in adulthood. Seven women between the ages of 25 and 32 were interviewed using a modified collaborative narrative method (Arvay, 2003). Interviews were transcribed and interpreted in narrative form to preserve the unique voice and experience of each participant. Five themes emerged through a process of categorical-content analysis as described by Lieblich, Tuval-Mashiach & Zilber (1998). Themes address participants' meaning-making following experiences of social aggression in terms of the (1) struggle to understand, (2) loss of trust in relationship, (3) changes in sense of self, (4) psychosocial responses, and (5) process of reframing of the experience in adulthood. The themes are discussed within the context of relevant qualitative and quantitative literature on the psychosocial consequence of social, relational and indirect aggression in adolescence and adulthood. Implications for school and community counselling practice and suggestions for future research are examined.

Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Background Due to an ongoing shortage of rural medical professionals both in Australia and internationally, the recruitment and retention of rural doctors has been extensively researched. Mostly the research used quantitative methods to focus on factors associated with rural medical workforce recruitment and retention issues, and until now, limited work has investigated inter-relationships between these factors. Although a few qualitative studies have used thematic analysis to develop models to better understand these issues, none have specifically considered the attitudes of medical students, and female rural doctors. This Thesis responds to this need by using qualitative research methods to develop a model which incorporates feminisation of the medical workforce and generational change in the 21st century. Data were collected from Australian medical students and female rural general practitioners (GPs) as study participants. Aims The broad aims were to develop a model for understanding recruitment and retention of rural doctors in Australia, incorporating concepts of place, gender, and professional identity. Research Questions How are Australian medical students' and female general practitioners' perceptions of entering and remaining in a rural health career influenced by the constructs of place, gender and professional identity? Does this perception change as doctors progress through their careers from students to practising general practitioners? Methods A case series of three qualitative studies were used to develop a model for understanding rural GP recruitment and retention. Data, collected using focus groups and interviews, were analysed thematically by domains describing participants’ lives, and the interaction between the domains was explored to better understand influences on location choice. Results The ����Landscape of fulfilment��� model which is integral to this research, incorporates the domains of self, place, work, significant others, recreation, and significant others’ work as the domains of life which influence location choice. Most participants sought balance within their lives, and maximum fulfilment in all domains, but at times they faced conflict between domains. Individuals’ gender, professional, and place identities were related to how they viewed the domains and how the domains interacted. Conclusion This model provides a way of understanding the complex interaction between aspects of life which affect a doctor’s location choice. There is important potential to use the model to inform the development of rural medical recruitment and retention strategies, and as a basis for further rural health workforce research. The model has already been used by General Practice Education and Training (GPET) in developing post graduate general practice training research, and also by the Sustainable Practice Working Group of the Rural Faculty of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) in developing strategies for sustainable rural general practice.

Research Doctorate - Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) / Background Due to an ongoing shortage of rural medical professionals both in Australia and internationally, the recruitment and retention of rural doctors has been extensively researched. Mostly the research used quantitative methods to focus on factors associated with rural medical workforce recruitment and retention issues, and until now, limited work has investigated inter-relationships between these factors. Although a few qualitative studies have used thematic analysis to develop models to better understand these issues, none have specifically considered the attitudes of medical students, and female rural doctors. This Thesis responds to this need by using qualitative research methods to develop a model which incorporates feminisation of the medical workforce and generational change in the 21st century. Data were collected from Australian medical students and female rural general practitioners (GPs) as study participants. Aims The broad aims were to develop a model for understanding recruitment and retention of rural doctors in Australia, incorporating concepts of place, gender, and professional identity. Research Questions How are Australian medical students' and female general practitioners' perceptions of entering and remaining in a rural health career influenced by the constructs of place, gender and professional identity? Does this perception change as doctors progress through their careers from students to practising general practitioners? Methods A case series of three qualitative studies were used to develop a model for understanding rural GP recruitment and retention. Data, collected using focus groups and interviews, were analysed thematically by domains describing participants’ lives, and the interaction between the domains was explored to better understand influences on location choice. Results The ����Landscape of fulfilment��� model which is integral to this research, incorporates the domains of self, place, work, significant others, recreation, and significant others’ work as the domains of life which influence location choice. Most participants sought balance within their lives, and maximum fulfilment in all domains, but at times they faced conflict between domains. Individuals’ gender, professional, and place identities were related to how they viewed the domains and how the domains interacted. Conclusion This model provides a way of understanding the complex interaction between aspects of life which affect a doctor’s location choice. There is important potential to use the model to inform the development of rural medical recruitment and retention strategies, and as a basis for further rural health workforce research. The model has already been used by General Practice Education and Training (GPET) in developing post graduate general practice training research, and also by the Sustainable Practice Working Group of the Rural Faculty of the Royal Australian College of General Practitioners (RACGP) in developing strategies for sustainable rural general practice.

The past decade has seen a rise in research on social, relational and indirect aggression, with a burgeoning focus only recently on the psychosocial consequences of being a target of such behaviours. It is widely understood that experiencing social aggression can trigger internal distress for children and adolescents, but far less is known about the nature and extent of longer-term psychosocial consequences. In this qualitative study, I aim to begin filling this gap by exploring how young women make meaning from experiences of social aggression in adolescence, with a particular focus on how they understand the impact of these experiences on their sense of self and relation to others in adulthood. Seven women between the ages of 25 and 32 were interviewed using a modified collaborative narrative method (Arvay, 2003). Interviews were transcribed and interpreted in narrative form to preserve the unique voice and experience of each participant. Five themes emerged through a process of categorical-content analysis as described by Lieblich, Tuval-Mashiach & Zilber (1998). Themes address participants' meaning-making following experiences of social aggression in terms of the (1) struggle to understand, (2) loss of trust in relationship, (3) changes in sense of self, (4) psychosocial responses, and (5) process of reframing of the experience in adulthood. The themes are discussed within the context of relevant qualitative and quantitative literature on the psychosocial consequence of social, relational and indirect aggression in adolescence and adulthood. Implications for school and community counselling practice and suggestions for future research are examined. / Education, Faculty of / Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of / Graduate

Orientador: Helena Maria André Bolini / Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia de Alimentos / Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-19T23:54:10Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Esmerino_ErickAlmeida_M.pdf: 1065128 bytes, checksum: ee13a76c96576bb03b96eb2c44313d5a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012 / Resumo: Cada vez mais micro-organismos probióticos estão sendo incorporados aos alimentos, porém pouco se sabe sobre a influência da matriz alimentícia e da formulação dos produtos sobre a viabilidade das bactérias. A introdução de probióticos na produção de queijos surge como alternativa ao problema de sobrevivência destes micro-organismos. Diante da prevalência de obesidade, medidas como a adição de edulcorantes deve ser avaliada, e estudos sensoriais conduzidos. Este trabalho teve por objetivo avaliar o perfil sensorial de queijos petit-suisse probióticos sabor morango, adoçados com os edulcorantes Sucralose, Estévia, Aspartame e Neotame, além de amostras comerciais convencionais, e através de Análise Descritiva Quantitativa (ADQ) e testes de aceitação, verificar os diferentes parâmetros que influenciam a aceitabilidade das diferentes amostras. Os resultados obtidos foram analisados estatisticamente com auxílio dos programas SAS e XLSTAT. Foram aplicados Análise de variância (ANOVA) e Teste de Média de Tukey sobre os dados obtidos. O método ADQ foi capaz de diferenciar as amostras, principalmente, através da cor lilás e rosa, brilho, e acidez, além dos gostos amargo e doçura residual. Através do teste de aceitação, verificou-se que as amostras comerciais convencionais, apresentaram maior aceitação. A amostra probiótica com sacarose não diferiu estatisticamente de duas amostras comerciais, demonstrando a possibilidade de incorporação de culturas probióticas. Por outro lado, a amostra probiótica contendo estévia foi menos aceita. Apresentaram melhor aceitação amostras com maior intensidade dos atributos cor lilás, aroma adocicado, sabor de morango natural e lácteo, sendo esses atributos considerados direcionadores de preferência. Enquanto as menos aceitas apresentaram, principalmente, maior intensidade do gosto amargo e doçura residual. Em conclusão, os testes sensoriais foram importantes para caracterização das amostras de queijo petit-suisse, evidenciando a possibilidade da adição de culturas probióticas. Entretanto, para a adição de compostos edulcorantes, fazem-se necessários mais estudos sensoriais, que busquem compostos que apresentem perfil sensorial semelhante à sacarose, sem prejuízo à sua aceitação / Abstract: Increasingly, probiotic are being incorporated into food, but little is known about the influence of food matrix and formulation of the products on the viability of the cultures. The introduction of probiotics in cheese appears as an alternative to the problem of survival of theses microorganisms. Given the prevalence of obesity, addition of sweeteners in food should be evaluated, and sensory studies conducted. This work aimed to evaluate the sensory profile of probiotic petitsuisse cheeses strawberry-flavored with the sweeteners Sucralose, Stevia, Aspartame and Neotame, in addition to conventional commercial samples, and through Quantitativa Descripetive Analysis (QDA) and acceptance testing, check the different parameters that influence the acceptability of differente samples. The results were statistically analyzed with the aid of statistical program SAS and XLSTAT. It was applied analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey test. The QDA method was able to differentiate the samples, mainly through the purple and pink color, glitter, acidity, bitter and sweet aftertaste. Through the acceptance test, it was found that commercial samples, with no probiotic cultures, showed greater acceptance. The probiotic sample with sucrose did not differ statistically from two commercial samples, demonstrating the potential for incorporating probiotic cultures in these kind of cheese. On the other hand, probiotic sample containing Stevia was less accepted. Samples showed greater acceptance when more intensely the attributes purple color, sweet aroma, natural strawberry flavor and milk flavor were found, being considered the drivers of liking. While, the samples less accepted showed, mainly, higher bitterness and sweet aftertaste. In conclusion, the sensory testes were important for the characterization of the petitsuisse cheese samples, indicating the possibility of adding probiotic cultures in this kind of food. However, the addition of sweetening compounds needs more studies, which search compounds with similar sensory profile to sucrose, without prejudice to its acceptance / Mestrado / Consumo e Qualidade de Alimentos / Mestre em Alimentos e Nutrição

<p>Cultivating cross-disciplinary understanding across science and engineering instruction will be essential to preparing the next generation of scientists to prosper in an increasingly interdisciplinary STEM workforce. This study reports on the culmination of a project that has been aimed at addressing this challenge by investigating how science and engineering students use the first law of thermodynamics, a guiding principle of the crosscutting concept of energy and matter, to transfer across disciplinary boundaries. A qualitative interview study was undertaken in which chemistry-, engineering-, and physics-major students were recruited and tasked with addressing familiar and unfamiliar first law problems that incorporated the systems, language, and notation of each respective discipline. Guided by the dynamic transfer framework, data were analyzed via a general inductive approach to categorize the contextual resources, or target tools, students leveraged to address the provided problems. This analysis revealed three unique guiding epistemologies whose frequency and character of emergence signify field-specific approaches to transferring into an unfamiliar disciplinary context. Connections are drawn to highlight the capacity of the derived findings and developed methodology to support cross-disciplinary understanding in the classroom and in future transfer of learning research.</p>