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Esse trabalho foi desenvolvido com a finalidade de melhorar a qualidade dos serviços de calibração e testes de monitores de radiação gama, prestados pelo Laboratório de Calibração de Instrumentos do IPEN, assim como diminuir a dose ocupacional dos técnicos envolvidos no processo de calibração, seguindo os princípios de proteção radiológica. Foi realizado o desenvolvimento e a implantação de um sistema automatizado para o processo de calibração de monitores de radiação gama, constituido por (i) um dispositivo pneumático de troca dos atenuadores e (ii) uma mesa de posicionamento, ambos acionados remotamente por intermédio de um painel de comando. Também fez parte a implantação de um Sistema Irradiador Caesa-Gammatron, que aumentou o intervalo de taxa de kerma no ar, devido sua alta atividade em relação ao sistema atualmente em uso no laboratório de calibração com radiação gama. Para isso, foi necessária a instalação de um dispositivo atenuador controlado remotamente nesse sistema irradiador. Por último foi realizado uma avaliação da redução da dose ocupacional. / This work was developed with the aim of improving the quality of the services of calibration and tests of gamma radiation monitors - provided by the IPEN Laboratory of Instrument Calibration - as well as reducing the occupational dose in technicians involved in the process of calibration, following the principles of radiation protection. In this study it was carried out the development and implementation of a system for adequation of the process of gamma radiation monitors calibration. It is constituted by (i) a pneumatic dispositive to exchange the attenuators and (ii) a positioning table, both actuated through a control panel. System was also implemented. A Caesa-Gammatron Irradiator, which increased the range of the air kerma rates, due to its activity higher than the current system of gamma radiation in use in the calibration laboratory. Hence, it was necessary the installation of remotely controlled in the attenuator dispositive in this irradiator system. Lastly, it was carried out an evaluation in the reduction of the occupational doses.

Esse trabalho foi desenvolvido com a finalidade de melhorar a qualidade dos serviços de calibração e testes de monitores de radiação gama, prestados pelo Laboratório de Calibração de Instrumentos do IPEN, assim como diminuir a dose ocupacional dos técnicos envolvidos no processo de calibração, seguindo os princípios de proteção radiológica. Foi realizado o desenvolvimento e a implantação de um sistema automatizado para o processo de calibração de monitores de radiação gama, constituido por (i) um dispositivo pneumático de troca dos atenuadores e (ii) uma mesa de posicionamento, ambos acionados remotamente por intermédio de um painel de comando. Também fez parte a implantação de um Sistema Irradiador Caesa-Gammatron, que aumentou o intervalo de taxa de kerma no ar, devido sua alta atividade em relação ao sistema atualmente em uso no laboratório de calibração com radiação gama. Para isso, foi necessária a instalação de um dispositivo atenuador controlado remotamente nesse sistema irradiador. Por último foi realizado uma avaliação da redução da dose ocupacional. / This work was developed with the aim of improving the quality of the services of calibration and tests of gamma radiation monitors - provided by the IPEN Laboratory of Instrument Calibration - as well as reducing the occupational dose in technicians involved in the process of calibration, following the principles of radiation protection. In this study it was carried out the development and implementation of a system for adequation of the process of gamma radiation monitors calibration. It is constituted by (i) a pneumatic dispositive to exchange the attenuators and (ii) a positioning table, both actuated through a control panel. System was also implemented. A Caesa-Gammatron Irradiator, which increased the range of the air kerma rates, due to its activity higher than the current system of gamma radiation in use in the calibration laboratory. Hence, it was necessary the installation of remotely controlled in the attenuator dispositive in this irradiator system. Lastly, it was carried out an evaluation in the reduction of the occupational doses.

The thesis deals with design of configuration software, ConfPix, for radiationdetecting sensor - SpacePix2. It describesdesign and implementation, as well as thetesting procedure. The software is implemented in Python, with Graphical UserInterface created using the Tkinter module for Python. The application is designed as versatile and can be used in future missions requiring the configurationof pixel radiation detectors from SpacePixfamily. The SpacePix2 sensor is a new technology developed at the Faculty of Nuclear Sciences and Physical Engineeringat Czech Technical University in Pragueand will be tested in orbit as a part of theSpace Dosimetry System Demonstrator instrument developed by the esc Aerospaces.r.o. company. Cosmic radiation sources and radiation detectors are described in the theoretical part of the thesis. The SpaceDosimetry System Demonstrator instrument, SpacePix Radiation Monitor detector and the SpacePix2 sensor are described as well.

Cette thèse porte sur le développement d'un capteur de pixel monolithique CMOS utilisé pourl’identification et le comptage des particules ionisés dan l’espace avec un flux élevé. Un nouveauconcept pour l’identification de l’espèce des particules proposé dans la présente étude, est basésur l'analyse des amas de particules déclenchés. Pour valider ce nouveau concept, un capteur detaille complet, qui comprend la matrice de pixel sensible aux particules ionisés signal, une chaînede traitement du signal analogique, un convertisseur analogue numérique de 3 bits, et untraitement du signal numérique a été conçu dans un processus de 0.35 μm. Le capteur sortiedirectement des informations de flux à travers 4 canaux avec un débit de données très faible(80 bps) et dissipation d’énergie minimale (~ 100 mW). Chaque canal représente particules avecdifférentes espèces et les énergies. La densité maximum de flux mesurable est jusqu'à 108particules/cm2/s (coups s'accumulent < 5%). Un prototype à échelle réduite a été fabriqué et testéavec trois types d'illumination de rayonnement (rayons X, les électrons et laser infrarouge). Tousles résultats obtenus valident le nouveau concept proposé. Un moniteur de rayonnement spatialtrès miniaturisé basé sur un capteur de pixel CMOS peut être prévu. Le moniteur peut présente lesmêmes performances que les compteurs actuels, mais avec une dissipation de puissance réduited'un ordre de grandeur qu'un poids, un volume d'encombrement et un coût moindre. En outre, enraison de ses sorties de haut niveau et faible débit de données, aucune traitement supplémentairedu signal dehors du capteur est nécessaire, ce qui le rend particulièrement attrayant pour desapplications dan les petits satellitaires. / This thesis focuses on the development of a CMOS monolithic pixel sensor used for space ionizingparticles identification and counting in high flux. A new concept for single particle identification isproposed in this study, which is based on the analysis of particle triggered clusters. To validate thisnew concept, a full size sensor including the sensitive pixel matrix, an analogue signal processingchain, a 3-bit analogue to digital converter, and a digital processing stage was designed in a 0.35μm process. The sensor directly output particles flux information through 4 channels with a verylow data rate (80 bps) and minimal power dissipation (~ 100mW). Each channel representsparticles with different species and energies. The highest measurable flux density is up to 108particles/cm2/s (hits pile up < 5%). A reduced scale prototype was fabricated and tested with 3types of radiation illumination (X-ray, electrons and infrared laser). All the results obtained validatethe proposed new concept and a highly miniaturized space radiation monitor based on a singleCMOS pixel sensor could be foreseen. The monitor could provide measurements of comparable orbetter quality than existing instruments, but at around an order of magnitude lower powerconsumption, mass and volume and a lower unit cost. Moreover, due to its high level and low datarate outputs, no signal treatment power aside the sensor is required which makes it especiallyattractive for small satellite application.