This paper aims implementation of selected knowledge, e.g. the principle of charity, which were developed in the framework of analytical philosophy of language (Davidson, Quine) making methodology cultural anthropology, based on interpretative approaches examining social actors / players examination. The first part will be devoted to explanation of thought experiments, e.g. Radical translation, radical interpretation) within the discussion of analytic philosophy of language (Quine, Davidson). The second part will focus on the transfer of this knowledge to make the methodology of cultural anthropology. In the next section we will highlight a breach of the principle of charity. We will focus on critical reflection theories that have been developed in the field of linguistic anthropology, specifically linguistic relativism (Sapir, Whorf). The last part is devoted to the problem rationality which is discussed in the context of Evans Pritchard research of African Azande. These examples point out the methodological errors with anthropologists field research committed to the negative consequences to which it wrong methodological approach led. Keywords: principle of charity, ethnographic research, radical interpretation, translation, Understanding, relativism, rationality

蒯因(W.V. quine)在語言哲學的發展上 , 可說是當代一大重鎮. 他對傳 統上在一般經驗論者中 , 對分析與綜合(analytic-synthetic)語句的區 分以及證實說(verificationism)提出嚴厲的批判,這可算是語言哲學中的 一大轉變 . 他的整體論(holism), 理論之不可由經驗完全限定 (unederdetermination of experiences) , 物理主義(physicalism) ,自然主義(naturalism) , 翻譯的不確定性(indeteriminacy of translation),指設的不可測度(inscrutability of references),存有學 的相對性(ontological relativity) 等理論 , 試圖以( 自然) 科學, 或說廣義物理理論作為我們對知識探求的基礎. 本文所要處理的問題是: 在翻譯的不確定性理論中, 蒯因所用的理論是什麼 ? 它是否有效而可以 成立 ? 其論證間是否各自獨立或有相互關係? In the development of philosophy of language, Quine is a very important philosopher. He criticized the traditional empiricism for the analytic-synthetic division and verificationism, this is an important milestone in the history of philosophy of language. He exhausts the whole theory, like holism, underdetermination of experiences ,physicalism, naturalized epsitemology, indetermincy of translation, and inscrutability of reference or ontological relativity, and so on. He tried to use sciences or broader physics to be the base of our researching for knowledge. The topic in this paper is about "indeterminacy of translation", we want to know Quine's arguments, the validity of these arguments, the relations between these arguments, and potential questions of this doctrine.