Thesis (M.S.)--Wisconsin. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 128-133).

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by Sham Mai-har. / Bibliography: leaves 149-176 / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 1983

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The purpose of this research was to characterize the antibody-mediated inhibition of horseradish peroxidase activity. Inhibition of enzyme activity was determined when alternate substrates were used. Typical biphasic patterns of inhibition were observed with each of five electron donors and three hydroperoxides. In no case was inhibition complete (100%). Inhibition assays with varied substrate concentrations revealed a dependence of anticatalytic activity upon the hydroperoxide concentration. Increased hydroperoxide concentration elevated inhibition levels. Inhibition is not dependent upon the electron donor concentration. The dependence of inhibition levels on hydroperoxide concentration suggests that antibody may make the horseradish peroxidase basic isoenzyme more susceptible to peroxide inactivation. Kinetic data show increased enzyme affinity for hydrogen peroxide in the presence of antibody. In addition, acidic peroxidases that are less susceptible to peroxide are poorly inhibited by antibasic horseradish peroxidase. Spectrophotometric experiments with an electron donor analogue indicated that antibody does not inhibit horseradish peroxidase activity by preventing electron donor binding. Inhibitory antibody binding sites could not be determined because fragments of the enzyme capable of binding inhibitory antibody could not be produced. Antisera prepared against acidic horseradish peroxidase isoenzymes were used in immunological procedures (precipitation, anticatalytic assays) to assess the homology of horseradish, radish and turnip peroxidases. Acidic horseradish peroxidases with similar physicochemical properties are distinguishable by immunological methods. Interspecies relationships are stronger among acidic peroxidases than relationships between acidic and basic horseradish isoenzymes. These results support an evolutionary conservation of acidic isoenzymes and suggest that each isoenzyme group catalyzes specialized plant functions. / M.S.

Yes / The significant role of plants can be observed through the dependency of animals and humans on them. Oxygen, materials, food and the beauty of the world are contributed by plants. Climate change, the decrease in pollinators, and plant diseases are causing a significant decline in both quality and coverage ratio of the plants and crops on a global scale. In developed countries, above 80 percent of rural production is produced by sharecropping. However, due to widespread diseases in plants, yields are reported to have declined by more than a half. These diseases are identified and diagnosed by the agricultural and forestry department. Manual inspection on a large area of fields requires a huge amount of time and effort, thereby reduces the effectiveness significantly. To counter this problem, we propose an automatic disease detection and classification method in radish fields by using a camera attached to an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to capture high quality images from the fields and analyze them by extracting both color and texture features, then we used K-means clustering to filter radish regions and feeds them into a fine-tuned GoogleNet to detect Fusarium wilt of radish efficiently at early stage and allow the authorities to take timely action which ensures the food safety for current and future generations. / Supported by Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries(IPET) through Agri-Bio Industry Technology Development Program, funded by Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs(MAFRA) (316033-04-2-338 SB030).

Orientador: Luís Roberto Almeida Gabriel Filho / Coorientador: Fernando Ferrari Putti / Coorientadora: Camila Pires Cremasco Gabriel / Resumo: Normalmente a horticultura utiliza de irrigação artificial para suprir as demandas hídricas das plantas, mas os produtores, em geral, não são criteriosos na utilização das lâminas de reposição, o que acarreta desperdício de água e energia elétrica aumentando os custos de produção. Outro fato é a crescente quantidade de pesquisas sobre a utilização de água tratada magneticamente (ATM) empregada nas atividades agrícolas. Estas pesquisas têm mostrado aprimoramentos produtivos para diversas culturas. Este trabalho apresenta um Sistema Baseado em Regras Fuzzy (SBRF) para avaliação da cultura do rabanete para a lâmina de irrigação a 100% da evapotranspiração. Foram utilizados para o SBRF dados experimentais obtidos por experimento que avaliou a influência da água tratada magneticamente no desenvolvimento de rabanetes. O experimento foi realizado durante os meses de setembro a novembro de 2013, em uma casa de vegetação nas dependências do Departamento de Engenharia Rural da UNESP, Faculdade Ciências Agronômicas, Fazenda Experimental Lageado, localizada no município de Botucatu, São Paulo. Para a elaboração do SBRF, definiu-se um processador de entrada (fuzzificador), um conjunto de regras linguísticas, um método de inferência fuzzy e um processador de saída (defuzzificador), gerando um número real como saída. Este SBRF representa uma função F:X_1×X_2⊆R⟶R^10. O contradomínio R^10 representa as dez variáveis de saída avaliadas: Número de Folhas (NF), Comprimento da Raiz (CR), Diâmetro... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo) / Abstract: Normally the horticulture uses artificial irrigation to meet the water demands of the plants, but the producers, in General, are not careful in the use of replacement blades, which carries waste of water and electricity by increasing the production costs. Another fact is the growing amount of research on the use of magnetically treated water (MTW) employed in agricultural activities. These researches have shown production enhancements to diverse cultures. This paper presents a Fuzzy rule-based System (FRBS) for evaluation of the culture of radish in two production cycles for the blade of the 100% irrigation of evapotranspiration. Were used for the FRBS the experimental data obtained by experiment that evaluated the influence of magnetically treated water in the development of radishes. The experiment was conducted during the months of September to November 2013, in a greenhouse on the premises of the Department of Rural Engineering of UNESP, Agronomic Sciences College, the Experimental Farm Lageado, located in the city of Botucatu, São Paulo. For FRBS, defined an input processor (fuzzificator), a set of linguistic rules, a fuzzy inference method and an output processor (defuzzificator), generating a real number as output. This FRBS represents a function F: X × X ⊆ ℝ⟶ℝ . The codomain ℝ, represents the ten evaluated output variables: number of leaves (NF), length of root (CR), diameter of the bulb (DB), length of the bulb (CB), Green root Weight (PVR), Green Leaf Weight (... (Complete abstract click electronic access below) / Mestre

The effects of polyamines, indole-3-acetic acid ( IAA ) and gibberellic acid ( GA3 ) on root elongation in radish ( Raphanus sativus L. cv. Luh Chin ) were studied. Incubation of radish seedlings in spermine or spermidine at 0.01 mM for 1hour, and then transferred to deionized water for 24 hours at 25¢J in the dark promoted root elongation as compared with concentration at 0.1 or 2 mM. When roots were treated with spermine or spermidine at 1 mM for 5 minutes, and then transferred to deionized water for 24 hours, root length increased significantly compared with controls. However, root length reduced gradually with increasing treatment times. Putrescine did not affect root elongation when treated in the same manner as spermine or spermidine. Exogenous spermidine synthesis inhibitor ( cyclohexylamine ) at 0.01, 0.1, 1 or 2 mM to the roots inhibited root elongation. The inhibition of root elongation was parallel to cyclohexylamine doses. Root length increased when spermine at 1 mM plus IAA at 10¡Â¹ ¡Ñ 6 nM was applied for 1 hour, and then transferred to deionized water for 24 hours compared with spermine at 1 mM plus IAA 10¡Â² or 1¡Ñ 6 nM. Root length was longer when treated with spermidine at 1 mM plus IAA at 10¡Â²¡Ñ 6 nM than at 10¡Â¹ or 1¡Ñ 6 nM. Root treated with spermine at 1 mM plus GA3 at 10¡Â²¡Ñ3 £gM Resulted in a longer root than treated with spermine at 1 mM plus GA3 at 10¡Â¹ or 1¡Ñ 3 £gM. Roots treated with spermidine at 1 mM plus GA3 at 10¡Â²¡Ñ3 £gM promoted root elongation. However, any treatments of spermine or spermidine in combination with IAA or GA3 significantly reduced the root length when compared with controls. Furthermore, either IAA or GA3 could not restore the inhibitory effects of root elongation caused by spermine or spermidine treatment at 1 mM for 1 hour and then transferred to deionized water for 24 hours. Endogenous spermidine and spermine contents after exogenous spermine plus GA3 treatment increased by increasing GA3 concentrations. But endogenous spermidine and spermine contents was the least in spermine 1 mM plus IAA 10¡Â¹ ¡Ñ 6 nM treatment. However, endogenous spermidine contents after exogenous spermidine plus IAA or GA3 application reduced significantly when compared with controls. But there is no significant difference of spermidine content between different exogenous IAA doses. In contrast, spermidine content maintained at a high level in spermidine at 1 mM plus GA3 at 10¡Â²¡Ñ3 £gM as compared with other spermidine plus GA3 combinations. However, endogenous spermine contents were not affected by exogenous spermidine plus IAA or GA3.