Comme la demande mondiale des éléments de terres rares (ETR) ne cesse d'augmenter, de nouveaux projets d'exploration ont été lancés dans de nombreux pays, incluant au Canada. Le présent projet découle d'un programme communautaire environnemental issu d'une collaboration entre des chercheurs et la communauté inuite de Kangiqsualujjuaq suite à la proposition d’un projet minier d'ETR au Nunavik. Pour répondre aux études limitées sur la distribution des ETR dans les environnements non pertubés, cette étude rapporte les niveaux actuellement observés des sédiments, des lichens et de multiples espèces animales provenant d'écosystèmes terrestres, d’eau douce et du milieu marin du subarctique de l’est du Canada. Les résultats suggèrent que toutes les matrices ont la capacité d'accumuler les ETR, bien qu'une dilution trophique soit notée. De plus, l’analyse des tissus d’espèces alimentaires traditionnelles a démontré que le foie des vertébrés avait des concentrations d'ETR plus élevées que le muscle et le gras, tandis que les tissus osseux et rénaux présentaient généralement des concentrations intermédiaires. En outre, les tendances observées pendant l'analyse des anomalies du cérium sensibles aux transformations d’oxydoréduction ont suggéré que ces anomalies peuvent servir de biomarqueur dans l’exposition aux ETR et leur transformation biologique. Dans l'ensemble, cette étude présente une bioaccumulation et un fractionnement d’ETR spécifiques aux espèces et aux tissus, ce qui justifie des recherches plus approfondies afin de comprendre les facteurs de contrôle du comportement d’ETR au sein des espèces animales. Ces résultats peuvent également servir à établir des lignes directrices nationales d’ETR, et servir de référence dans les futures études de biosurveillance. / A gradual increase in the release of rare earth elements (REE) to the environment has been reported, as well as a continuous rise in their global demand. New REE exploration projects have been initiated in multiple countries, including within Canada where REE deposits are frequently located in northern regions. This project stems from a community-based environmental program between researchers and the Inuit community of Kangiqsualujjuaq in the context of a prospective REE mine in Nunavik. To address the limited review of REE distribution in natural environments, the present study reports the current REE values for sediments, lichens, and multiple animal species from terrestrial, freshwater and marine ecosystems of the eastern Canadian subarctic. Results suggest that all matrices have the capacity to accumulate REE, though a biodilution across taxonomic groups is noted. Also, a study of animal tissue samples from country food species demonstrated that liver tissues have significantly higher concentrations of REE than the muscle and blubber, with bone and kidney tissues typically presenting intermediate concentrations. Further, the analysis of redox-sensitive cerium anomalies supported the presence of tissue-specific mechanisms that suggest these anomalies may serve as a biomarker in REE exposure and biological transformation. Overall, this study presents a species- and tissue- specific bioaccumulation and fractionation of REE that warrants further investigation to better understand the controlling factors of REE processing within animal species. The results may additionally serve in the establishment of national REE guidelines for environmental health and human consumption, and act as a reference in future biomonitoring studies.

aaaaaRare earth elements (Sc, Y and group 15 lanthanides) and their compounds currently have significant practical use in metallurgy, glass industry, as highly active catalysts for the production of so-called. NiMH batteries, alloys for the manufacture of permanent magnets and e.g. moderators rods in the nuclear energy, but above all they have an irreplaceable role in modern electronics for phosphors TV screens, CRT earlier today, PDP and LCD monitors and displays, tablets, mobile phones etc., which give them a high-quality picture and sound. Unlike most base and precious metals are concentrated in the conquerable ore deposits, occur in the form of compounds as part of mixed minerals in the rarely economically exploitable concentrations, a mining and processing is costly and negative impacts on the environment, paradoxically towards the title but their overall content in the crust is relatively high, the average concentration in the range of about 150 to 220 ppm. The main world producer of REE, China, in 2010, significantly reduced exports by 40 %, making prices of some REE increased up to 1500 % during the month. Demand for REE is growing, so often talks about the recycling of valuable materials back into production, as called. "Urban mining", ie "urban mining", thereby reducing the amount of...

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