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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

A Development of the Real Number System by Means of Nests of Rational Intervals

Williams, Mack Lester January 1949 (has links)
The system of rational numbers can be extended to the real number system by several methods. In this paper, we shall extend the rational number system by means of rational nests of intervals, and develop the elementary properties of the real numbers obtained by this extension.
2

Enquadramento de números racionais em intervalos de racionais: uma investigação com alunos do ensino fundamental

Lage, Luciana 29 May 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:57:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_luciana_lage.pdf: 779852 bytes, checksum: 861f9b5ee95138e6bc74e3868e625ee5 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-29 / nenhum / The purpose of the present study was to investigate which mathematical concepts, properties, and procedures, as well as settings (in terms of numerical, graphic, or other types of representation), are used by students of a 7th-grade class, in a private school in the city of São Paulo, when challenged to find solutions for mathematical activities. The activities involved framing rational numbers on rational intervals and were designed by teachers of that school, based on a proposal by a member of the same group of Algebra Education, at Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, to which the author is affiliated that was developed from activities originally devised by Régine Douady (1986). Observation in the classroom covered four sessions and was conducted in the light of the case-study methodology and on the notion of tool object dialectic of Douady (1984). The analyses prioritized students written and oral productions that took form while they experienced the process of solving the activities proposed. The productions revealed that the students made use of interplay of two, three, or four of the following settings: numerical, native language, algebraic, and geometric. Several strategies for solution were devised, in which the students utilized as mathematical tools chiefly the notions of positive number, even number (with possible flaws in meaning), rational number (with possible flaws in meaning), multiplication, arithmetical average, segment, and numerical intervals (though with different meanings among the students). Other relations used were to be greater than, to be less than, and to be a multiple of, as were the order relations to be greater than of equal to and to be less than or equal to / A presente pesquisa teve o intuito de investigar quais conceitos, propriedades e procedimentos matemáticos, bem como quais domínios (em termos de representação numérica, gráfica e outras) são utilizados por estudantes de uma classe de sétima série do ensino fundamental de uma escola privada da cidade de São Paulo na resolução de atividades. Essas atividades abrangem enquadramento de números racionais em intervalos de racionais, tendo sido planejadas pelas professoras da escola investigada, a partir de proposta feita por uma integrante do mesmo grupo de pesquisa Educação Algébrica, da Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, do qual a autora faz parte, sobre as atividades originalmente criadas por Régine Douady (1986). Com base na metodologia de estudo de caso e na noção de dialética ferramenta objeto de Douady (1984), foram observadas quatro aulas nessa classe. As análises priorizaram as produções escritas e orais dos alunos, resultantes do processo de vivência das atividades. Diante dessas produções, observou-se que os alunos recorreram à interação entre dois a quatro dentre os seguintes domínios: numérico, de língua materna, algébrico e geométrico. Criaram diversas estratégias de resolução, nas quais empregaram como ferramentas matemáticas principalmente as noções de número positivo, número par (com possível falha no significado), número racional (com possível falha no significado), multiplicação, média aritmética, segmento e intervalos numéricos, com significados diferentes entre os alunos da classe. Empregaram também as relações ser maior que , ser menor que e ser múltiplo de , além das relações de ordem ser maior ou igual a e ser menor ou igual a
3

Enquadramento de números racionais em intervalos de racionais: uma investigação com professores do ensino fundamental

Souza, Janaina Maria Lage de 29 May 2006 (has links)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T16:57:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 dissertacao_janaina_maria_lage_souza.pdf: 309247 bytes, checksum: 01af28b792f08537756e1b46462d92d0 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2006-05-29 / Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / The basis for the present study were the activities developed by Régine Douady (1986) involving the framing of rational numbers on intervals, addressed to French students of the educational segment that corresponds to 1st-8th grades in Brazil. In the present study, those activities were updated taking into account elements from recent Brazilian investigations on the meanings assigned by Brazilian students of 1st-8th grades to relations and to order relations, and elements of the Brazilian Curricular Guidelines of 1997 and 1998. By applying the methodology of case study, and in the light of the notion of tool object dialectic of Régine Douady (1984), the updated activities were presented in eight sessions to two mathematics teachers of the 7th and 8th grades in a private school in the city of São Paulo, both of whom were experienced in working with this theoretical framework, with the purpose of investigating what aspects these teachers take into consideration when discussing and developing their lesson plans regarding those activities. Particular attention was given to the changes and adaptations they made to the activities in order to facilitate their use in the classroom, based on their teaching practice, the actual features of the school and educational system in which this study was conducted, the school s program, recent investigations conducted with Brazilian students, the Brazilian Curricular Guidelines of 1997 and 1998, and the theoretical framework developed by Douady. In the present study, this process has been termed reupdating / A partir de atividades de Régine Douady (1986) envolvendo enquadramento de números racionais em intervalos, voltadas a alunos franceses do segmento de ensino correspondente ao ensino fundamental do Brasil, realizou-se na presente pesquisa uma atualização dessas atividades, estabelecendo diálogo com pesquisas brasileiras recentes sobre significados atribuídos por estudantes brasileiros do ensino fundamental a relações e relações de ordem e com os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais de 1997 e 1998. Recorrendo-se à metodologia de estudo de caso, e à luz da noção de dialética ferramenta objeto de Régine Douady (1984), as atividades atualizadas foram apresentadas em oito sessões a duas docentes do ensino fundamental, de sétima e oitava séries, de uma escola privada da cidade de São Paulo, experientes no trabalho com esse quadro teórico, com o objetivo de investigar o que essas professoras levam em consideração ao discutirem e elaborarem planejamentos de aulas referentes a essas atividades. Foi dada particular atenção às alterações e adaptações feitas por elas a essas atividades, de modo a favorecer sua proposição em sala de aula, tendo em vista sua prática docente, a realidade escolar em que se realizou este estudo, o programa dessa escola, pesquisas recentes realizadas com alunos brasileiros, os Parâmetros Curriculares Nacionais de 1997 e 1998 e o quadro teórico de Douady. Esse processo foi por nós denominado de reatualização

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