This paper explores the past, present, and future of Africa's regional integration trajectory. It examines both the “old” and “new theories” of regional integration and compares and different viewpoints in existing literature to illuminate different schools of thought on regional integration with an Africa-centric approach at the centre. The paper argues that Africa's unique set of background conditions necessiates the development of a more relevant theoretical and conceptual framework and attempts to do so. Finally and arguably most importantly, this paper offers policy recommendations and pathways to regional integration through regional value chains that can improve regional production networks and looks at how the establishment of the AfCFTA promotes this process.