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Experiments in the perceptual design of expressways.Young, Barry James January 1968 (has links)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of City and Regional Planning. Thesis. 1968. M.C.P. / Lacking l. 73. / Includes bibliography. / M.C.P.
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Planning for the visual form of M.I.T.Forrester, Robert Alan January 1965 (has links)
Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Dept. of City and Regional Planning. Thesis. 1965. M.C.P. / M.C.P.
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Cape Town's urban food security plan : a conceptual framework for achieving an accessible and healthy urban food systemVan Breemen, Hayley January 2014 (has links)
Includes bibliographical references. / Until recently food insecurity has been thought to be a primarily a rural problem. Local, national and international food security agendas have focused primarily on agricultural production as a means to addressing food insecurity. However more recent analyses of urban food insecurity indicate that is not a result of food shortage but rather food access and affordability. This research focuses on Cape Town as a case study as its rapidly rising urban population, especially amongst the lower income groups, is placing further pressure on the urban food system as the poor are often unable to purchase sufficient food throughout the month due to income constraints. Nevertheless, enhanced food production still remains the cornerstone strategy to alleviate food insecurity and even poverty in Cape Town. The interviews revealed that urban food insecurity is absent from urban planning agendas which has consequently caused food insecurity to proliferate in the city environment, especially amongst the urban poor. Considering that urban food insecurity is a relatively new concept, especially for South Africa, it is important to understand how it manifests itself within urban contexts and understand the determinants of it in Cape Town. The research identified that food moves through the city differently between formal and informal markets and that informal markets tend to have higher unit prices. Regardless of the higher prices of products from informal markets they were still found to be key food sourcing strategy for the urban poor as supermarkets were found to be, for the most part, absent from the Cape Flats area. The challenge for urban planners in Cape Town is to understand how food insecurity manifests itself spatially and to consider what policy approaches are available to them to improve food access and thus food security throughout Cape Town. The intention of this research is to understand the extent of these problems in Cape Town and to develop an Urban Food Security Plan to place urban food systems planning on the planning agenda.
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Constraints to secure livelihoods in the informal sector: the case of informal enterprises in Delft South, Cape TownShabalala, Sibonelesihle January 2014 (has links)
Includes bibliographical references. / Most people who work in developing cities, work in the informal sector. In South Africa's townships, many poor households rely on home-based informal economic activities as their primary source of livelihood. However, these livelihoods often face multiple constraints, and thus remain precarious. The main research question is: What are the key constraints to securer informal livelihoods in Delft South? The research employs the case study method to address this question. This dissertation engages with the lived realities of informal business operators in Delft South, Cape Town. Enterprise census data was analyzed and in-depth interviews with a selection of enterprise owners conducted. This provides a unique insight into the nature of the informal economy in Delft South and the way in which planning shapes current livelihoods. This case is located in previous research on home based work both in South Africa and internationally. This is with a view to informing more appropriate planning responses. The findings indicate the high degree of saturation in Delft South's informal sector. As such, business competition is rife, and livelihoods are compromised. Also evident is that the informal operators of Delft South ply their trades in a regulatory environment oscillating between extremes of neglect and oppression. The permission granted to spaza shop and hair care enterprise operators to conduct their businesses is accompanied by little else in the way of support for business growth. Alternatively, the livelihoods of shebeen owners are under threat, as these enterprises are prohibited from operating in all residential areas of the settlement; and are instead forced to relocate to the high street. This is compounded by the closure to which they are subjected, owing to their exclusion from the framework of the Western Cape Liquor Act. Crime also emerges as a significant impediment to business growth, and its effects are experienced by most of the operators in Delft South. Notably, it distinguishes the working climate of the area's informal sector from those of many other developing contexts. Under the guidance of the enterprise operators, key state interventions are recommended in response. The study concludes by proposing an area-based management approach in which collective action among operators is promoted.
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An investigation into the application of the Aerotropolis strategy to the Cape Town International Airport from a Global South Urban Planning perspectiveHanly, David January 2015 (has links)
Includes bibliographical references / The Aerotropolis is one of many airport led urban development concepts that challenge the way city's have traditionally been planned and managed. In the developed world, airports have evolved from military bases to decentralised and privatised Airport Cities and regionally linked Aerotropoli. On the other hand, although Africa has 12% of the global population and represents 1% of global airfreight and passenger volumes, these figures are expected to increase over time. As South Africa is considered the gateway into Africa, the national led Oliver Reginald Tambo International Airport in Gauteng and the King Shaka International Airport in Ethekweni Durban have recently pursued regional airport approaches. There is substantial scope to apply airport-urban theories to the Cape Town International Airport, which is situated 20km from a sea port, sees the second highest passenger count in South Africa and is set for 11.5 billion Rand in upgrades in the next 5 years. However, the decision to pursue a regional airport approach for the CTIA must be orientated towards the South African context of post-apartheid restructuring and social transformation. This is because the question simultaneously raised is how to stimulate development in the historically segregated South East Metro, with the economic potential of the decentralised and adjacently located CTIA being largely overlooked.
The dissertation provides a twenty (20) year regional Spatial Development Framework for the CTIA. Interviews are held with 10 key actors in fields related to airport, urban and business related planning. The literature and findings of the dissertation reveal that firstly, the AeroScape and Airea are more appropriate for conceptualising the retrofitting of an existing airport while the Aerotropolis is best suited as a business model and not a physical form. Secondly, the aviation linked sectors in Cape Town are connected to the City’s unexploited comparative advantages in labour absorptive industries such as agri-processing, manufacturing and textiles which can be brought to the doorstep of the CTIA and South East Metro. Lastly, the functionality of these industries provides further opportunity to develop a sustainable closed loop metabolism between the CTIA, Phillipi East Industrial Node and Philippi Horticultural Area.
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Developing a Municipal Fair Housing and Land Use CurriculumParsons, Ethan 01 January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
This research focuses on the applicability of the federal Fair Housing Act to the practice of municipal land use planning and zoning and examines how this relationship can inform a curriculum intended for municipal authorities on their responsibilities under the Act. The purpose of the Fair Housing Act is to provide equal access to housing through desegregation and non-discrimination. Historically, many municipal governments have used zoning to segregate communities based on race, ethnicity, national origin and disability, among other traits. Today, scholars point to exclusionary zoning tactics and unfair treatment of housing for the disabled, for example, as barriers to equal housing opportunity. Strategies for affirmatively furthering fair housing exist and their implementation is feasible. Municipalities throughout the country implement these strategies through a variety of practices, however emerging cases suggest that not all practice non-discrimination. Through instruction, many more municipal authorities might learn about strategies to affirmatively further fair housing in addition to fulfilling their legal responsibilities as housing regulators. Fair housing advocates and professionals are poised to assume instructional leadership because of their experience working with municipal authorities and their understanding of the Fair Housing Act and its relationship to land use planning and zoning.
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Ave Maria and Celebration: An Examination of the Visionary Influences on the Design and Development of two New Town Intentional Communities in the State of FloridaCahill, Kathleen 01 January 2008 (has links) (PDF)
The creation of new towns is a deeply rooted planning movement that is based on the human population’s constant search for a better way to live. This is evident in the depth of the movement’s history and the emergence of these towns today. Intentional settlements establish new towns in order to define a specific type of corporate, religious, political, or social community. Through a comparative case study method, the visionary influence on the design and development of two new town intentional communities, Celebration, Florida and Ave Maria, Florida, are examined in this paper. Celebration and Ave Maria each integrate the basic concepts of new town planning and the shared vision behind an intentional community through the vehicle of New Urbanism. The vision, land use, marketing, and governance are examined in each town. The nucleus of each community, the town center, is evaluated through the analysis and comparison of the character of use and architectural design. This in-depth analysis identifies specific connections between the vision for each town and the established identity.
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A critical analysis on the efficiency of property development approval processes in the City of Cape TownWebster, Simon 30 July 2023 (has links) (PDF)
The Western Cape Government Economic War Room has identified that land-use management in the City of Cape Town is inefficient. Coupled with the fact that there is a housing crisis within the City of Cape Town, it is imperative that such inefficiencies are addressed with urgency. Current development regulations in the City of Cape Town are said to be hindering the involvement of the private sector in the property development space and adding unnecessary delays to the property development sector in general. This paper will argue that a reason for this can be attributed to convoluted legislation linked to property development approval processes, that is being too rigidly interpreted and not administered efficiently. There is therefore a need to understand how the overall development application system is run, especially in relation to the land use and building plan application processes, to assist in identifying the inefficiencies affecting the property development space as a whole. This will allow pragmatic solutions to be formulated and expanded on, to better expound how a more efficient development environment can be created. A further important factor in better understanding the property development space, is comprehending the context within which it functions. Namely, the governance systems which affect it, the laws and regulations applicable to it, and the lack of emphasis on saving time throughout the application process. The purpose of this paper is to show where the inefficiencies lie in the land use management and building development management application processes, and why such inefficiencies may be happening. This paper will also discuss and recommend further topics that should be studied in order to resolve the various issues named. The methodology used to achieve the aforementioned was a mixed method of data collection, which encompassed various interviews with experts working within the property and planning development fields, iterative communication with these professionals, and literature reviews. In sum, there is no one answer to the identified issues as there are many interconnected complexities that must be dealt with in order to address the inefficiencies effectively. What is clear however, is that the current implementation of administrative penalties by the City of Cape Town are causing major capacity issues within the Development Management department and Municipal Planning Tribunal, and which ultimately has a ripple effect on the system as a whole.
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Reconceptualising Conservation: Towards Updating a Section of the District Plan for DriftsandsWinkler, Alexandra 31 July 2023 (has links) (PDF)
With the threat of Climate change combined with rapid urban expansion, the threat to natural systems is increasingly dire (Korten, 2022). Historically, the entities of nature and people have long been pitted against each other within mainstream conservation (Kiwango & Mabele, 2022). Conservation has often been seen as a tool for the elite to control land and land use, often at the expense of marginalised communities (Kepe & Mollett, 2018). However, with the increasing threat to protected areas, there has been an emergence of alternative conservation strategies, including convivial and decolonial conservation. The dissertation will utilise the Driftsands Area as a case study to consider and investigate alternative conservation methods with a particular focus on water management. The site has seen the encroachment of people into the Nature Reserve, which has degraded the space leading to the initiation of the process of de-proclamation of the site (WCG, 2021). The needs and priories of people and nature seem in direct conflict, where setters are in need of land to settle however, this is threatening the ecosystems in the space and also posing a threat to people as some setters have moved into the flood zone (WCG, 2021). There is thus a need to consider this site as a case study to rethinking conservation. The site provides an opportunity for planners to reconsider alternative methods of conservation. Therefore, the aim of the study is to introduce a layer of the sub-district plan that includes concepts that allow for people and nature to be protected together within the site and gives special consideration to protecting the valuable ecosystem systems in the area, notably the water systems (Kuils River and Wetlands) in this space. The case study of Driftsands will be supported by desktop research, a site visit and expert interviewees in the space to introduce and develop alternative methods to conserve the site. The study showed that there are alternative methods to protect nature and people; importantly, in Driftsands, the flood zone can be introduced as a promoted rather than a protected area, namely by introducing concepts such as a multi-use urban park and identifying areas for relocation of the settlements at risk in the flood zone. The layer of the sub-district plan for Driftsands can serve as a base late for future plans. This research can contribute to the various case studies and studies around alternative conservation methods and aim to add to the various examples of sites and cases that utilised the imminent de-proclamation as an opportunity to rethink and reconceptualise urban conservation.
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TOD in the context of Cape Town: a case study of BellvilleJuries, Jason January 2018 (has links)
This paper investigates Transit Oriented Development (TOD) in the context of Cape Town focusing on the case study area of Bellville. This investigation seeks to answer questions relating to the implementation of TOD such as: How to translate metropolitan TOD principles and development objectives into local area interventions? How to implement TOD on the ground in the Bellville Central Area? How do we get buy-in from the private sector? The research was conducted using the case study method and various primary and secondary data collection techniques were used. These techniques comprised of a policy analysis, a contextual analysis of the case study area, a conceptual framework that included a targeted literature review, international and local precedent studies, semi-structured interviews with key informants, and surveys. These techniques assisted with the formulation of the TOD local area spatial development framework and associated catalytic projects for the Bellville Central Area. This dissertation proposes TOD catalytic projects geared towards the established vision for the Bellville Central Area to become a vibrant, diverse and an interconnected TOD node, with a unique sense of place within the city. Furthermore, policy recommendations in the form of a TOD district overlay zone are proposed in order to ensure effective regulatory controls for the Bellville Central Area which includes: development zones (Intensification zones, active zones and transition zones), pro-active planning and streamlined development applications, transport management tools such as a parking management system and pricing strategy, as well as informal street trading, and crime and safety strategies geared towards improved urban management for the area.
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