Corporate financing is very important for all parties involved in the financial market. Venture capital is one of the sources of financing SMEs, and its main characteristic is the active partnership offered by venture capital professionals (VCs) to entrepreneurs. However, this active involvement has not been very fruitful. In the period from 2002-2004, the venture capital industry in Québec generated low or even negative earnings. This situation has led VCs to question not only their selection practices, but also their investment monitoring practices. In addition, recent academic and professional publications have highlighted the importance of the post-investment phase in value creation for partner companies. This research explores the ways in which VCs monitor their investments in order to better understand how this monitoring contribute to the value creation process for their partners companies. In fact, the key question in this research is as follows: how can VC professionals improve their investment monitoring practices so that they can contribute to the success of partner companies by optimizing their formal and informal relationships? The purpose is to clarify the types of post-investment monitoring done by VCs through the studies of their professional's activities. The research findings lead to an investment monitoring framework. This framework comprises of the following key activities: relational dynamics, follow up and involvement . These three overlapping activities facilitate the creation of added value to investments and, to an extent, lead to the generation of better rate of returns. They rely on the complementarity and coexistence between the logical approach and the socio-political approach throughout the entire investment monitoring process.

abstract: Traditional healthcare narratives have set the stage for the care of the population with Severe Mental Illness (P-SMI). Thus far, two prevailing health strategies anchor services for mental illnesses, acute psychiatric care, and mental health, psychosocial rehabilitation. Between these, care transitions mediate PSMI’s needs and their movements from the hospital to the community and home. However, as individuals with Severe Mental Illness (i-SMI’s) leave the hospital, time is short with little opportunity to make known authentic narratives born out of self-evidence. After transitional care, maintenance treatment re-centers these individuals back into a playbook with operatives of pathology and disability and inconsistencies with the narratives on recovery and rehabilitation. This project sought to hear i-SMI’s stories and propose how their experience can be used to create a new “counter” story of transition that empowers these individuals through a better understanding of their “space”: conceptualized here, as all that surrounds them and is dynamic and responsive to their interactions and needs. Underpinning this inquiry is a post-modernist conversation that converges on the critical perspectives in the theory of architecture, philosophy of mind, cognitive science, and the aesthetic practice of psychiatric nursing in the context of transitional care. A qualitative paradigm of narrative repair guides an ethical appraisal, “deprivation of opportunity,” and “infiltrated consciousness,” regarding relational power dynamics that are at work in healthcare master narratives. Narrative findings of this study reveal that identity and agency come together in a personal space of safety born out of a core sense of self, belonging, and control. Space emerges within the self-narrative as physical sensibilities in the constructs of agency and safety, and as with emotional responses, metaphor and meaning can repair personal transitions. The counterstory derived from the narrative findings reveals: Equitable relational dynamics attune social space, the physical environment, and meaning, as a response to the dismissiveness and overcontrolling health professional power. Thus, the journey toward narrative repair from the perspective of i-SMI’s uncovers a deeper counternarrative, Ecosystem of Space: the manifestation of a personal architecture for healing, making a systematic organic-space-experience for the core sense of self to transition and flourish. / Dissertation/Thesis / Doctoral Dissertation Nursing and Healthcare Innovation 2020

Parmi les stratégies qui permettent aux équipes organisationnelles de créer un climat de travail positif se trouve l’utilisation de l’humour. La littérature présente ce phénomène à la fois comme une pratique organisationnelle qui permet la canalisation des émotions et le maintien de l’ordre social. Or, un courant de la littérature souligne la dimension obscure que peut revêtir l’humour au sein des organisations, articulant qu’il peut devenir un outil d’exclusion professionnelle qui perpétue les inégalités sociales. Bien que les études présentant l’humour de supériorité comme un outil d’exclusion soient nombreuses, peu d’études se penchent sur le risque de fragmentation sociale pouvant émerger d’une utilisation de l’humour irréfléchie en contexte de groupe diversifié. Ce mémoire a ainsi pour but de comprendre comment les acteurs issus de multiples contextes culturels et, du même coup, avec plusieurs appartenances identitaires négocient l’utilisation de l’humour en contexte organisationnel. Basée sur une approche qualitative et, plus spécifiquement, ethnographique, cette étude a été réalisée auprès d’une institution bancaire montréalaise qui est d’ores et déjà culturellement diversifiée. Les résultats obtenus au moyen d’observation non-participante et d’entretiens semi-dirigés démontrent qu’une influence réciproque est notable entre une forte culture d’entreprise humoristique et un humour bienveillant et inclusif. Une transcendance des identités individuelles vers une identité groupale se dégage, révélant l’existence d’une transculturalité organisationnelle. L’humour – voire l’ensemble des sous-cultures humoristiques qui composent les diverses unités de travail – devient en ce sens un outil de régulation de la vie organisationnelle. / Among the strategies that enable organizational teams to create a positive work climate is the use of humor in the workplace. According to the literature, humor is an organizational practice that allows workers to both channel emotions and maintain the established social order. However, humor also has its dark side; humor can become a tool of occupational exclusion that perpetuates social inequalities especially when it is used to demonstrate superiority. Although empirical studies documenting the harmful effects of this type of humor are numerous, few studies address the risk of social fragmentation that can emerge from the unthinking use of humor in a diverse group context. This Master’s thesis therefore aims to understand how actors from multiple cultural backgrounds and with multiple occupational identities negotiate the use of humor in an organizational context. Based on an ethnographic approach, this qualitative study was conducted in a culturally diverse banking institution based in Montreal. Using non-participant observation and semi-structured interviews, the study identified a reciprocal influence between a corporate culture that valued and encouraged humor and a benevolent and inclusive use of humor by workers. Surprisingly, humor transcended individual workers’ ethnocultural identities and contributed to the development of a shared workgroup-based identity that was distinct from yet imbricated in a broader organizational culture that governed how humor was used. Humor – or, more specifically, the humoristic subcultures that made up the various work units – became a tool for regulating organizational life.

This comparative case study examines how parallel deployments impact on UN peace operations’ legitimacy. It focuses on if and how the two French military operations, Serval and Barkhane, affected the legitimacy of MINUSMA. A theoretical framework on relational dynamics of parallel deployments and on legitimacy was established. The first step was to analyze the legitimacy of Serval/Barkhane. Thereafter, the relational dynamics between Serval/Barkhane and MINUSMA were analyzed. Last step was discussing how the legitimacy of respective military operation and the relational dynamics could explain the parallel legitimacy dynamics. Using assessment reports by different institutions, a qualitative within-case analysis was conducted to identify changes in legitimacy. The study shows that both Serval and Barkhane had a negative impact on MINUSMA’s legitimacy but in different ways. Serval affected the legitimacy negatively by creating high expectations that MINUSMA could not fulfill. Barkhane affected the legitimacy negatively by making the UN peace operation seem partial due to its association with the counterterrorist Barkhane.

Les jeunes pré-adolescents qui fréquentent les écoles secondaires du premier cycle vivent une période délicate : ils ne sont pas simplement occupés à affronter un parcours scolaire inédit et plus complexe, mais ils sont aussi occupés dans leurs tâches quotidiennes à former et négocier leurs identités et leurs rôles dans les différents groupes des pairs. Ce complexe scénario est élargi par leurs premières expériences, loin des yeux des adultes, avec les technologies : outils qui vont se superposer à l’univers relationnel qu’on vient de décrire, une dimension existentielle qui ouvre des nouvelles formes de communications médiées par les contextes numériques. Est-ce qu’il y a une influence des technologies sur les dynamiques relationnelles qui ont lieu entre élèves et aussi entre élèves et enseignants ? De quel rapport s’agit-il ? Quelles dynamiques sont impliquées ? Quel type de technologie est en jeu ? Est-ce qu’il existe un rapport d’influence entre les relations médiées par les contextes numériques et le climat social d’un environnement d’apprentissage ? Quel type de rapport ? Jusqu’à quel point les élèves dépendent des relations médiées par les enivrements numériques pour satisfaire leurs besoins relationnels ? Quelle perception ont les élèves et les enseignants des dynamiques relationnelles médiées par les contextes numériques ? Et quel rôle accordent-ils à l’école dans cette problématique ? Pour fournir une réponse à ces questions, la recherche présente une phénoménologie de le témoignage de 21 enseignants et 365 garçons et filles qui font partie des 4 établissements scolaires, dans deux villes en deux différents pays : France et Italie. / Young pre-teens attending junior high schools are going through a very delicate period: they are not just engaged in a new and more complex school career, but they are also engaged in their daily tasks of training and negotiating their identities and their roles in the different peer groups. This complex scenario is expanded by their first experiences, far from the eyes of adults, with technologies: tools that add, on the relational universe just described, an existential dimension that opens up new forms of communication mediated by digital contexts. Do technologies have an influence between on the relational dynamics that take place between students and their peers and between students and teachers? Which kind of influence? What dynamics are involved? What kind of technology is at stake? Is there a relationship of influence between the relationships mediated by the digital contexts and the social climate of a learning environment? What kind of influence? How much do students rely on digital-enriched relationships to satisfy their relationship needs? What perception do students and teachers have of relational dynamics mediated by digital contexts? And what role do they give to the school in this problem? To try to provide an answer to these questions, the research presents a phenomenology of the witness of 21 teachers and 365 boys and girls who are part of 4 schools, in two cities and in two different countries: France and Italy.

No description available.

L’aliénation parentale (AP) est un phénomène connu des intervenants sociolégaux œuvrant auprès des familles éclatées chez lesquelles on retrouve un haut niveau de conflits parentaux. Ce phénomène est peu étudié empiriquement et sa définition et les balises l’entourant demeurent à ce jour non circonscrites et suscitent confusion et controverse. Cette recherche n’a pas comme objectif de trancher sur ce qui est ou n’est pas de l’aliénation parentale, mais porte plutôt sur l’étude du phénomène de Détérioration du lien parent-enfant (DLPE), qui inclut une rupture complète du lien comme dans les cas d’AP, lors de séparations conjugales litigieuses. Cette thèse doctorale a pour objectif principal d’élargir notre compréhension sur les différents facteurs qui interagissent et qui mettent en place une situation familiale de DLPE. Le présent ouvrage est composé de quatre articles, dont trois sont empiriques. Le premier article est une synthèse critique des écrits théoriques et empiriques permettant de dégager les différents facteurs, conduites ou contextes individuels et relationnels associés à une DLPE. Il ressort que la plupart des écrits proviennent de comptes rendus cliniques. De plus, peu d’auteurs abordent ce phénomène dans une perspective systémique incluant une vision multifactorielle de cette situation. Plusieurs aspects demandent à être étudiés davantage : les caractéristiques individuelles, les comportements inappropriés des acteurs et les dynamiques familiales. En définitive, il importe d’établir les facteurs de résilience. Les articles 2, 3 et 4 ont été réalisés suite à une analyse qualitative de 17 dossiers d’expertise psychosociale de familles séparées en litige autour des accès des enfants. Le second article a pour objectif d’apporter un éclairage fouillé sur les structures de personnalité des parents impliqués dans de tels litiges. Il se dégage de cette analyse que les parents contribuent différemment à la dynamique familiale en fonction de leur profil de personnalité. Quatre profils parentaux ont émergé et permettent de discerner en quoi les parents aux conduites aliénantes se distinguent des parents dénigrés au niveau des profils de personnalité et en quoi la personnalité de ces parents est respectivement différente selon qu’ils maintiennent ou pas la relation avec leur enfant. L’analyse approfondie des profils parentaux a permis de formuler certains facteurs de risque et de protection relatifs à la structure de la personnalité des parents à risque d’une DLPE. Le troisième article a pour objectif d’évaluer par une lecture psychodynamique les différentes caractéristiques individuelles des enfants dans l’optique d’établir des pistes pouvant élucider pourquoi un enfant est résistant à une DLPE ou, au contraire, ne l’est pas. L’analyse qualitative fouillée des dossiers d’expertise a permis d’extraire différents facteurs de risque et de protection d’une DLPE chez ces enfants. Le quatrième article cherche à modéliser les différents facteurs de risque ou, au contraire, qui atténuent le risque de DLPE. Trois trajectoires dénotant une dynamique de DLPE ont émergé. Une modélisation systémique reprend l’ensemble des facteurs (dynamiques personnelles et relationnelles, contexte familial, système sociojuridique, personnes tierces et temps) émergeant de l’analyse et leur déploiement spécifique à chaque trajectoire. / Parental Alienation (PA) is a widespread phenomenon among socio-legal professionals working with conflictual separated families. This phenomenon is rarely studied empirically and its definition and markers remain poorly circumscribed and arouse confusion and controversy. We will attempt to stay away from this controversy by focusing on the phenomenon of Deterioration of the Parent-Child Relationship (DPCR), including PA. This thesis main objective is to expand our understanding of the various factors that interact and set in place a family situation of a DPCR. This work consists of four articles, three of which are empirical. The first article is a critical review of the literature that identifies various factors, conduct or individual and relational context associated with DPCR. It appears that very few papers have address this phenomenon in a systemic perspective who could bring an in-depth and comprehensive understanding of this multifactorial phenomenon. Several aspects need to be further investigated: individual characteristics, inappropriate behaviors and family dynamics. Finally, resilience factors need to be addressed. Articles 2, 3 and 4 present the results of a qualitative analysis of 17 psychosocial expertise performed on separated families in litigation around the custody and access to children. The second article intends to provide a refined psychoanalytic insight on the personality profiles of the parents and how it contributes distinctively to the family dynamics. Four parental profiles emerged and helped differentiate parents with alienating behaviors from denigrated ones and, those who maintained a relationship with their child or those who did not. Risk and protective factors associated with the personality profile are formulated. The third paper intends to analyse through a psychodynamic lens, the individual characteristics of children with the aim to understand why a child is resistant to a DPCR or is not. Various risk and protective factors of a DPCR associated with the characteristics of the children are provided. The fourth article seeks to model the different contributing or mitigating variables to a DPCR. Three trajectories denoting a DPCR emerged. A systemic model is proposed and incorporates different factors (personal and relational dynamics, family background, socio-legal system, third parties and time) and their specific deployment to each trajectory.