Purpose: To describe the Relationship Marketing and Guanxi practices of a western company in China, and to create an understanding regarding the interconnection of Guanxi and Relationship Marketing as the foundation of such practices. Method: The research is qualitative with an inductive relation between theory and the empirical findings. With the research design of a case study of the western business-to-business service company ChinaNetCloud. The empirical material was collected through five semi-structured interviews done in China, with influencing persons of the case study organization ChinaNetCloud. Conclusion: Guanxi should be used to facilitate things and should not be established with anyone. To establish relationships are taking more time and will require many activities to maintain them. Relationship Marketing should be used to target other targets than the bases for Guanxi. The relationship are in China based on already existing connections and it is important that the western company is aware of that the relationship are in some cases of more importance than the product or service.  Face-to-face meeting should be used in order to establish relationships in the best way. Trust and commitment are also important dimensions in the relationships. A western company should use Guanxi and Relationship Marketing since it is important for both survival and success in China.

The telecommunication business has been transformed in Sweden through the past few years. Previously telecom industry was under monopoly which has now been converted into more competitive market in which more competitors have entered and offering various alternatives of different kinds of services. TeliaSonera has been one of biggest telecommunication service providers in Sweden which is amalgamation between two big companies; Telia, a major Swedish company and Sonera which is Finish counterpart of Telia. Currently, TeliaSonera is offering various communication services to its customers such as Broadband, TV, Fix telephone connections and Mobile phone services. TeliaSonera is offering these services to both kinds of customers; i.e. business and residential customers.The purpose of this research project is to understand the telecom customers‟ switching behavior in detail by distinguishing between two different kinds of customer experiences which are active customers and passive customers, based on their specific characteristics and to learn to design a communication that is effective not only for one kind of customers‟ e.g. active customers but also for passive customers that have been found challenging regarding communication reception generally. By analyzing the outcomes, researchers would be able to demonstrate different features which need to be taken under consideration while communicating to each of these customers. The research has been carried out with an explorative research approach and qualitative interviewing with 13 students of Karlstad University in two parts. Through this research process, the researchers have built the understanding regarding what triggers influence the customers to switch and what kind of communication attracts them in order to make a decision about staying with current operator or switching to the new one. The theoretical framework is constructed on previous research on customer behavior, customer relationship management and contemporary written communication in the field of service management and marketing.The results of the research show that passive customers are more inclined towards the communication that focuses mainly on cheaper price options and they should be frequently communicated the cheaper options whereas active customers mainly search actively for the moreiiirich information therefore they should be communicated various innovative services and beneficial packages through social networking platforms and emailing newsletters. / LET-Project

Differ from previous research which mainly focus on irrational decision making, using economical principle to consider how to get the maximum profit, and often say they have abilities to use each criteria for evaluating every option. They can solve their problem through analytical, rational and logical thinking. This study aim to discusses how emotional could influence on decision-making process, and people would have emotional involvement in the information selection. They would use the moment of emotion to predict and expect for future circumstances with positive emotional involvement, which the relationship is an emotional expression, and the event significant or not, depends on how important the incident to people (expected relationship would be frequency and strength). This study can improve the relationship in the decision-making play an important role.

Personalization that uses information technology to tailor content and products/services to the preferences and tastes of individual customers has become a useful function in online relationship marketing. Many techniques have been developed, and research on personalized services has increased substantially in recent years. The objective of this research is to propose a relationship-building perspective that treats the relational benefits resulting from personalized services as the important mediated factors that affect customer loyalty. In this research, a theoretical model is proposed to include both cognitive and affective benefits in order to investigate their relative influences on customer loyalty. A controlled laboratory experiment was conducted to investigate the effect of three different personalization tactics: socialness, self-reference, and content relevance. The results showed that personalized services can contribute to customer loyalty by bringing relational benefits to customers, and the impact of affective benefits on customer loyalty is greater than that of cognitive benefits. The findings extend our existing understanding of personalization, and offer valuable information to practitioners on enhancing their website design.

The orientation relationship and interfaces of Ni3Sn4 and Ni3Sn2 with the Ni (001) and (111) surfaces have been studied with transmission electron microscopy. Ni was evaporated onto the NaCl (001) and (111) surfaces to form epitaxial Ni thin films and Sn was evaporated onto the Ni film and heat treated to form Ni3Sn4 and Ni3Sn2. No orientation relationship between Ni3Sn4 and Ni was found. Two types of orientation relationships between £b-Ni3Sn2 and Ni were found: (1) (0002) £b-Ni3Sn2//(220)Ni and (01 0) £b-Ni3Sn2//(2 0)Ni on the (2 0) £b-Ni3Sn2/(001)Ni interface¡Fand (2) (0002) £b-Ni3Sn2 //(2 0)Ni and (01 0) £b-Ni3Sn2//(22 )Ni on the (2 0) £b-Ni3Sn2/(001)Ni interface.

In an organization, coworkers are the people who have the most contact with a worker besides his or her supervisor. Past empirical evidence of social support in workplace research has focused on supervisor while support from coworkers is often discussed with social support and organization citizenship behaviors (OCBs). Based on Affective Event Theory (AET), this study extends previous research of coworker support by focusing on the personal emotion, reaction and opinion. The main points of this study include: What are the different types of coworker support and nonsupport behaviors? How do these coworker behaviors influence the workers¡¦ personal emotions? How do workers response to them? This qualitative study uses the Critical Incident Technique (CIT) to collect coworker behaviors as incidents, define criteria and analyze. This study finds that coworker support can predict the workers¡¦ emotion, reaction and opinion. Coworker support will help to enhance the displays of positive emotion, reaction and opinion of workers. In addition, people in positive emotion are more likely to response and think positively. They will keep interacting with others, dedicate to their job and identify themselves to their organizations. From a standpoint of practical management, in order to enhance organization performance, managers should improve organization environment to facilitate coworker support.

The current study utilized structural equation modeling to test an indirect model of the effects of Teacher-Student Relationship Quality (TSRQ) on reading and math achievement via the indirect effects of TSRQ on engagement over the entire grade school period (grades 1-5). The use of this design allowed for the testing of reciprocal causal pathways and stationarity effects across the first five years of post-kindergarten schooling. It was hypothesized that structural relationships between TSRQ, engagement and achievement would vary across the grade school period with early experiences with teachers influencing students’ patterns of engagement which would become stable, influencing future teacher-student relationships and long-term achievement. Additionally, muti-group analyses were utilized to determine if gender or ethnicity impacts the fit of the structural model. Results indicated that the effect of TSRQ on engagement is invariant across time. For both math and reading target outcomes, the null hypothesis that effects are invariant (i.e., constant) across time could not be rejected. Additionally, results did not indicate that gender or ethnic group membership impacted the structural fit of the model. The current sample was limited to elementary school students and may not have provided a sufficient age span to investigate the developmental trends in teacher-student relationships that were predicted. Additionally, while the influence of TSRQ on engagement and achievement remains constant, the process through which TSRQ influences achievement may vary at different developmental periods. Study limitations and implications were also discussed.

In the wake of globalization of business and stable development of world economics as well, peoples traveling around the world become more and more heavily reliant on airline and travel agent¡¦s assistance. So, the copetition relationship between airlines and travel agents becomes one of very important subjects. In this study, a case of Cathay Pacific Airways in regard to the copetition relationship between airlines and travel agent is discussed. The purpose of this study is, through the interviews, questionnaires, investigation, and LISERL model (Joreskog, 1973), to analyze the results, to understand both influence and performance which the copetition relationship between airlines and travel agents will lead to, and to propose practical suggestions to the airlines industry. The conclusion of the study is listed as follows: 1.The scale of travel agents is statistically positively related to airlines performance, and positively related to sale behavior difference between airlines and travel agents. 2.The elements of the product service and the content of contract can obviously affect the customer relationship, and also affect performance of airlines and travel agents. 3.In a long term, airlines and travel agents would rather to be in cooperation than to be in competition, in order to maintain good win-win relationship to run lucrative business.

The BaTiO3 sample was made by dry pressure, it was artificial spread nickel paste on BaTiO3, and it was simulated multilayer ceramic capacitors (MLCC¡¦s) to make a sandwich structure with BaTiO3-Ni-BaTiO3 by sintered in YAGEO¡¦s laboratories. The samples have been thoroughly analysis for the interface between BaTiO3 dielectric and Ni electrode or NiO oxide, by X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The interface between BaTiO3 and Ni has not orientation relationship as determined by selected area diffraction and it¡¦s not had dislocations in interface by two- beam image. The NiO oxide as determined by XRD and TEM, because of the thermodynamic potential of the Ni/NiO equilibrium was produced. The array of dislocations of Burgers vector is 1/2[ 10] in the interface, and Burgers vectors are 1/2[00 ], [ 1 ] as determined by high resolution images and Fast Fourier Transform simulation. Misfit dislocations along the interface occur to accommodate the lattice mismatch.

This research is mainly discussing the relationship under the present industry division of labor tendency; subcontractor executes ability and builds the factory, and how these connections influence the quality of work, time limit for the work project. How to utilize and manage the subcontractors to complete the project effective, this subject is at present domestic builds the company to have to consummate pondered and planned. At the same time, because the most of subcontractor which the specialized technology and the financial ability are insufficient, the contract works out the penal regulations regarding to build the factory whether really has the safeguard. This research will discuss how to maximum the profit of industry and subcontractors via subcontract management, moreover, to compare with case study will get more practical plan and strategy. This research conclusion summary as follows shows. 1. Subcontractor choices: Based on long production period and the time limit, to prevent significant loss, ¡§Time¡¨ is one of important key factor to select subcontractors. To prevent many possibly the project question, which must pay great attention to following several points when chooses the specialized subcontractors: (1) the qualified specialty subcontractors which been certify by investigated; (2) whether has the passing cooperation experience, when the project once starts, no matter any factor, if the temporary desire replaces subcontractors, not only facing the people issue and also must undertake the extra cost disbursement; (3)inquires the same business recommendation specialty of subcontractors experience a same nature same rank. 2. Subcontract management: (1) the contract execution, most importantly the V routine work surveillance, therefore in the contract management, must involve the subcontractor management; (2) besides, maintain a fair cooperation relations, and implement the project by the positive cause, so first, the project can have completing which the quality and also safeguards.