A ideia desta dissertação nasceu da pesquisa intitulada O Shuttle Migration dos brasileiros residentes no Japão sobre os fenômenos decasségui e o chamado Shuttle Migration. Desde o início do movimento decasségui, emigração dos brasileiros para o Japão, já se passaram mais de 20 anos. O referido movimento tem mostrado diversas mudanças, sendo uma delas o aparecimento de Shuttle Migration, doravante denominado como Migração Repetitiva. A Migração Repetitiva refere-se a pessoas migrantes que vão e retornam entre locais de residência, no caso, situados em países diversos, repetindo muitas vezes esse vai e volta. Muitos dos trabalhadores brasileiros no Japão tentam regressar para o Brasil, porém, frequentemente não conseguem readaptar-se e partem novamente. Neste trabalho, tentamos entender os motivos dessas idas e voltas através de contexto histórico-estrutural dos dois países. / This dissertations idea originated from the previous research about dekasegi phenomenon and Shuttle Migration, which title was The Shuttle Migration of Brazilian Workers in Japan. Since Brazilian workers emigration to Japan, a so-called dekasegi phenomenon started, over 20 years have passed. And, this phenomenon has showed various changes. One of them is appearance of Shuttle Migration called Repeated Migration in this dissertation. The term refers to the migrated people who goes and comes back between residential locations in different countries, often repeating this movement. Many of Brazilian workers in Japan try to return to Brazil, but frequently they cant readapt and go away again. In this dissertation, well try to understand causes of this repeated movement through the historical and structural contexts of both countries.

This study contributes to the 'unwritten chapter' in migration studies, namely transnational return migration, with specific reference to Tongan migrants who have voluntarily returned to live in Tonga. Return migration of transnational Tongans is not 'permanent' as their mobility pre and post-return is characterised by circulation or repeated return rather than staying at 'home'. In examining the circulation of transnational Tongans, two new forms of return migration are identified -- 'return for career advancement' and 'ancestral return'. These additions to a new typology of return migration represent better the contemporary mobility system of transnational Tongans and suggest a means for addressing 'brain drain' through strengthening the 'Tongan-ness' of the diaspora while simultaneously stimulating economic development in the Kingdom. Despite these positive dimensions of return, re-integration is a 'bumpy' process, and there needs to be a holistic migration strategy if greater numbers in the Tongan diaspora are to return and make their potential contribution to sustainable development in the Island Kingdom.

A ideia desta dissertação nasceu da pesquisa intitulada O Shuttle Migration dos brasileiros residentes no Japão sobre os fenômenos decasségui e o chamado Shuttle Migration. Desde o início do movimento decasségui, emigração dos brasileiros para o Japão, já se passaram mais de 20 anos. O referido movimento tem mostrado diversas mudanças, sendo uma delas o aparecimento de Shuttle Migration, doravante denominado como Migração Repetitiva. A Migração Repetitiva refere-se a pessoas migrantes que vão e retornam entre locais de residência, no caso, situados em países diversos, repetindo muitas vezes esse vai e volta. Muitos dos trabalhadores brasileiros no Japão tentam regressar para o Brasil, porém, frequentemente não conseguem readaptar-se e partem novamente. Neste trabalho, tentamos entender os motivos dessas idas e voltas através de contexto histórico-estrutural dos dois países. / This dissertations idea originated from the previous research about dekasegi phenomenon and Shuttle Migration, which title was The Shuttle Migration of Brazilian Workers in Japan. Since Brazilian workers emigration to Japan, a so-called dekasegi phenomenon started, over 20 years have passed. And, this phenomenon has showed various changes. One of them is appearance of Shuttle Migration called Repeated Migration in this dissertation. The term refers to the migrated people who goes and comes back between residential locations in different countries, often repeating this movement. Many of Brazilian workers in Japan try to return to Brazil, but frequently they cant readapt and go away again. In this dissertation, well try to understand causes of this repeated movement through the historical and structural contexts of both countries.