In the highly competitive aerospace industry, engine manufacturers must react very quickly and precisely to any demand emerging from aircraft manufacturers if they want to be positioned on the offer. This is especially true when answering to Requests For Information (RFI) based on preliminary design investigations of first level. In order to reduce the time needed to perform these costly operations while improving the performances achieved, Snecma wishes to develop tools for dimensioning the engine and also for assessing key parameters such as mass, emissions, fuel burn, costs, etc. Unfortunately, the set of tools and the process used at the present time for preliminary design investigations of first level are not sufficient to meet the high standards sought-after by the company in terms of time and performances. As a consequence, efforts must be spent on redefining the whole process and the tools it is based on; here is the mission that has been conferred upon me.   Multiple exchanges with performances engineers and specialists allowed to draw the current process for preliminary design investigations of first level and raise all the associated concerns. At the same time, a status of the existing tools (called modules in this report), mainly developed under Excel, has been realised in order to identify the range of action for today's investigations. A prototype has been developed under SDK Python with the aim of proving the feasibility of a solution to a difficulty that shows up in the process for each new investigation: the one of generating the workflow on the optimisation software Optimus. A target process has finally been discussed considering all the information collected, and would allow dividing by five the time needed to perform investigations compare to now. The prototype developed lead to interesting results and this solution could thus probably be integrated in the target process as it would allow saving one day of work for an engineer for each study to be carried out.   Solutions have been proposed to all the concerns identified in the process and they will have to be discussed with many actors and investigated further in the near future in order to set the target process that will allow meeting the final objective of answering all types of RFIs emitted by aircraft manufacturer in a very short time with a high level of confidence in the results.

Submitted by Silvana Teresinha Dornelles Studzinski (sstudzinski) on 2016-04-26T12:07:26Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula Cortezi Schefer Cardoso_.pdf: 2371409 bytes, checksum: c7f5e8cb111a2ba9ca150a830fe8d1ac (MD5) / Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-26T12:07:26Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Paula Cortezi Schefer Cardoso_.pdf: 2371409 bytes, checksum: c7f5e8cb111a2ba9ca150a830fe8d1ac (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-01-13 / CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior / FAPERGS - Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul / Esta dissertação de mestrado é um subprojeto de um estudo maior, intitulado “Uma mulher, um feto, e uma má notícia: a entrega de diagnósticos de síndromes e de malformações fetais – em busca de uma melhor compreensão do que está por vir e do que pode ser feito”. (OSTERMANN, 2013). Debruçamo-nos sobre o tema de perguntas no português brasileiro com base no aparato metodológico da Análise da Conversa (SACKS; SCHEGLOFF; JEFFERSON, 1974) e da Linguística Interacional. (OCHS; SCHEGLOFF; THOMPSON, 1996; SELTING; COUPER-KUHLEN, 2001). Tendo em vista que o objetivo desta dissertação é distinguir as ações de pedido de informação e pedido de confirmação nas perguntas polares no português brasileiro, analisamos 891 perguntas polares da fase da anamnese das dezessete primeiras consultas de aconselhamento genético reprodutivo. As consultas ocorreram em um setor que atende mulheres em gestação de médio ou alto risco de um hospital materno infantil do Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS) localizado no sul do Brasil. Os resultados da investigação apontam que, nesse contexto, as ações de pedido de informação e pedido de confirmação se distinguem pelo grau epistêmico do médico em relação à informação solicitada. Evidenciamos que os conhecimentos prévios podem ser provenientes de diferentes fontes, sendo elas: (a) a interação, (b) o conhecimento médico específico, (c) o grupo de medicina fetal do hospital analisado e/ou (d) o prontuário médico da gestante. No que concerne aos recursos interacionais que diferem essas duas ações, identificamos o uso de marcadores discursivos somente na ação de pedido de confirmação. No que tange à análise prosódica, com o intuito de descrever a curva de F0 dessas perguntas polares, a análise aconteceu em duas etapas. Inicialmente, realizamos a análise auditiva das 891 perguntas polares e, em seguida, realizados a análise acústica de 300 dessas perguntas por meio do software PRAAT. Corroborando a descrição da entoação das perguntas apresentada em gramáticas descritivas do português brasileiro (CASTILHO, 2014; PERINI, 2005), evidenciamos que algumas delas apresentam entoação final ascendente. No entanto, nossos dados também revelaram que essas perguntas polares podem apresentar entoação final descendente. Na coleção de perguntas polares analisadas, constatamos que algumas demonstravam uma orientação do médico em relação a tópicos delicados o que, por sua vez, consititui outra análise. Identificamos que, nos assuntos interacionalmente construídos como delicados pelo médico geneticista, o formato do turno com as expressões “chegaste a” e “chegou a”, nas solicitações de informação sobre o uso do ácido fólico e na realização do exame de translucência nucal, atribui menor responsabilização à gestante. Em contrapartida, nas sequências em que o médico solicita informação sobre os hábitos relacionados ao fumo, ao consumo de álcool e ao uso de drogas, há responsabilização das gestantes por meio de fechamentos com avaliação positiva. / This master’s dissertation consists of a subproject of a larger study, entitled “Uma mulher, um feto, e uma má notícia: a entrega de diagnósticos de síndromes e de malformações fetais – em busca de uma melhor compreensão do que está por vir e do que pode ser feito”. (OSTERMANN, 2013). It investigates questions in Brazilian Portuguese through a conversation analytical perspective (SACKS; SCHEGLOFF; JEFFERSON, 1974) and an interaction linguistics approach. (OCHS; SCHEGLOFF; THOMPSON, 1996; SELTING; COUPER-KUHLEN, 2001). Taking into consideration that the objective of this dissertation is to distinguish the actions of requesting for information and requesting for confirmation in polar questions in Brazilian Portuguese, 891 polar questions were analyzed during the anamnesis phase in 17 first-time genetic counseling consultations. All of these consultations audiorecorded were held at a public health system hospital specialized in moderate and high-risk pregnancy, located in southern Brazil. The results indicate that, in this context, the actions of asking for information and asking for confirmation differ by the doctor’s epistemic degree concerning the information being requested. It was noticed that such previous knowledge might be originated from different sources, which are: (a) the interaction itself, (b) medical knowledge, (c) information gained through the fetal medicine group and/or (d) information from medical records. Regarding the interactional resources that differentiate these two actions, we identified that discourse markers were only used in requests for confirmation. On what concerns their prosodic features, in order to describe the F0 curve of these polar questions, the analysis was done in two stages. Firstly, we conducted an auditory analysis of all the 891 polar questions and, then, by using the software PRAAT, we conducted the acoustic analysis in 300 of these polar questions. Confirming the intonation patterns of polar questions described in Brazilian Portuguese descriptive grammar (CASTILHO, 2014; PERINI, 2005), we also identified that polar questions may present rising intonation. However, our data also reveal that polar questions may present falling and flat intonation. In the set of analyzed polar questions, we observed that some demonstrated the doctor’s orientation to delicate topics and this subset was also submitted to analysis. We identified that only specific topics were interactionally constructed as delicate by the geneticist. We also observed that in the turns designed with the expression “did you happen to”, in requests of information about folic acid and nuchal translucency, the doctor removes the responsibility from the pregnant. On the other hand, in the sequences in which the doctor requests information about smoking, drinking and using drugs, by the offering closings with positive assessments and accounts, the doctor attributes the responsibility to the pregnant women.

The present dissertation is the design of a company's business plan, with a view to the new monitoring system, with all the important factors such as economic and technical factors, and legislative changes in the branch are taken into consideration. Furthermore there is the view to the economic standing of the company is also evalua-ted. The business plan is simultaneously considered from a general view of potential implementation of the proposed solution.