Bakgrund: Sjuksköterskans yrkesroll omfattar att främja hälsa, förebygga sjukdom, återställa hälsa och lindra lidande för patienten. Med ett salutogent synsätt identifieras riskbruk av alkohol hos ungdomar och unga vuxna. Syfte: Att beskriva hur sjuksköterskor inom Hälso- och sjukvårdens öppenvård arbetade hälsofrämjande med ungdomar och unga vuxna mellan 13-24 år med ett riskbruk av alkohol, samt att granska de valda artiklarnas datainsamlingsmetoder. Metod: Den föreliggande litteraturstudien var av en deskriptiv design. Sökningar gjordes i databaserna Cinahl och Medline mellan åren 2004-2015 och med sökorden adolescent, binge drinking,professional-patient relations, health promotion, text messaging, motivational interviewing ochalcohol.  Tretton kvantitativa artiklar valdes ut och bearbetades. Huvudresultat: Olika hälsofrämjande insatser framkom. Brief interventions och motiverande samtal erbjöds och genomfördes. Genom att identifiera riskfaktorer och riskbruk minskade en ohälsosam alkoholkonsumtion hos ungdomar och unga vuxna. Identifiering av riskbruk av alkohol utfördes med hjälp av SMS och web men även med hjälp av broschyrer. Internet påverkade effektivt ungdomars attityder och självkänsla. Med god självbekräftelse utvecklades en högre självkänsla hos både ungdomar och vuxna. Utvecklingen minskade alkoholintaget och oavsett hur självkänslan stärktes underlättade detta för implementering och genomförande av information kring alkohol och dess risker. Slutsats: I sjuksköterskans hälsofrämjande arbete ingår att tidigt identifiera en ohälsosam livsstil och att stärka ungdomar och unga vuxnas självkänsla. Genom att beslutsfattande faktorer påverkades kunde motivationen till förändring öka vilket minskade antalet berusningstillfällen. Med rådgivning och stärkande samtal kunde ungdomar och unga vuxna motiveras till en mindre alkoholkonsumtion. / Background: The nurse's professional role includes promoting health, preventing illness, restoring health and alleviate suffering for the patient. With a salutogenic approach will risk use of alcohol in adolescents and young adults be identified. Aim:The purpose of this study was to describe the health promoting efforts by nurses within non-institutional care regarding their work with young people and young adults aged 13-24 yearsold and a risky use of alcohol. Furthermore, the purpose was to review the data collection methods of selected articles referenced in this study. Methods:The present study has a descriptive design. Searches were done in the Cinahl and Medline databases, were limited between the years 2004-2015 and with the keywords adolescent, binge drinking, professional-patient relations, health promotion, text messaging, motivational interviewing, and alcohol. Thirteen quantitative articles were selected and processed. Result: Various health promotion emerged. Brief interventions and motivational interviewing were offered and implemented. Unhealthy use of alcohol in adolescents and young adults were reduced, this by identifying the risk factors that influence to a risky use of alcohol. To identify the risks, Short Message Service (SMS) and the Internet where used. Identification was also done by means of leaflets. Using the Internet was an efficient way to influence young people's attitudes and self-esteem. A good self-affirmation also developed a higher self-esteem among both youth and adults. This development reduced alcohol intake. An improvement to a higher self-esteem among young people, regardless how it achieves, eases the implementation and execution work of giving information about alcohol and its risks. Conclusion: In the nurse's health promotion work includes early identification of an unhealthy lifestyle and to strengthen youth and young adults' self-esteem. Influencing the decision-making factors increased the motivation to change. This reduced the number of binge occasions. With counseling and strengthening dialogues, adolescents and young adults are motivated to drink less alcohol.

Currently, social networks are an irreplaceable communication medium not only for adults, but also for children and adolescents. Social networks make possible to realize many interesting activities, they can be used for an entertainment, education and especially for a communication with friends. The aim of my diploma thesis was to find out risks associated with the use of the social networks at older school children. To discover, on a chosen sample of children from upper primary schools, what is their experience with a security of personal data, how much time they spend on social networks, if they met some offensive content, whether they see dangers associated with the use of the social networks etc. In the theoretical part I dealt with a basic definition of individual social networks (Facebook, Twitter, Badoo, Xchat, Lidé (People), Spolužáci (Classmates), LíbímSeTi (DoYouLikeMe). Then I also defined basic means of the internet communication, its specifics and I described newly emerged phenomena which were, as a form a socio-pathological behaviour, very closely connected to an improper use of the social networks. For a closer recognition of the research sample I shortly characterized the behaviour of the older school children, their relationship to peers, their need for an identification and leisure time. An important component of it there is also a prevention, counselling and support on the internet. In the conclusion I briefly explained advices and principles of the secure internet from a perspective of a minor user, a parent and a teacher. A quantitative research investigation was carried out within the thesis. It was realized via an electronic questionnaire with children from upper primary schools at five chosen elementary schools. Specifically, there were Elementary School in Trhové Sviny, Ledenice, Pohůrka, České Budějovice - Nová St. (remote site in J. S. Baar St.) and Otakar Nedbal St. Two hypotheses were determined: H1: Users are not informed about a possibility to secure their personal data. And H2: Users do not see any danger in the use of social networks. Results have been presented in graphs with a subsequent statistical summary in MS Excel. The results of the thesis can be used especially by specialists dealing with this issue, then by professionals working with adolescents and last but not least, also by the children´s parents themselves, who have a fear or feel insecurity in their child´s behaviour on the internet.