Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento CientÃfico e TecnolÃgico / A poluiÃÃo dos recursos hÃdricos, principalmente, decorrente do lanÃamento de esgotos domÃsticos sem tratamento ou de sistema de coleta deficitÃrio, gera graves prejuÃzos ao desenvolvimento sÃcioeconÃmico, afetando significativamente a qualidade de vida da populaÃÃo. No Brasil, a coleta e tratamento de esgoto sanitÃrio sÃo considerados precÃrios. O Plano de Gerenciamento das Ãguas da Bacia do Jaguaribe (SRH, 1999) apontou o esgoto domÃstico como uma das principais fontes poluidoras da bacia, dado que poucas cidades na bacia possuem sistema pÃblico de coleta e tratamento de esgoto. Sendo assim, pode-se afirmar, sem sombra de dÃvida, que os centros urbanos na Bacia do Jaguaribe sÃo potenciais poluidores dos seus corpos hÃdricos por esgotos domÃsticos, em virtude da nÃo existÃncia de sistema adequado de coleta, tratamento e despejo final de seus efluentes nos corpos receptores. Observa-se, portanto, a importÃncia fundamental do serviÃo ambiental prestado pelo Rio Jaguaribe e seus afluentes na diluiÃÃo e na autodepuraÃÃo das cargas orgÃnicas que a eles sÃo destinadas. A precificaÃÃo deste serviÃo ambiental induzirà os agentes econÃmicos a calcularem a relaÃÃo custo-benefÃcio, caso queiram utilizÃ-lo. Nesta pesquisa, o custo do serviÃo ambiental prestado pelo Rio Jaguaribe foi estimado pelos custos com a instalaÃÃo de estaÃÃes de tratamento de esgotos (lagoas de estabilizaÃÃo), implantadas no Estado do CearÃ, entre os anos de 2008 e 2010. Foi realizada simulaÃÃo com o modelo numÃrico QUAL2BR. O valor total do tratamento estimado para o cenÃrio atual (2010) foi de R$ 5.658.365,92. Este à o custo que, teoricamente, à fornecido, gratuitamente, pelo Rio Jaguaribe pelos serviÃos ambientais de autodepuraÃÃo e de diluiÃÃo das cargas poluidoras dos efluentes. Outra analise que se fez, foi analisar o impacto das mudanÃas climÃticas na autodepuraÃÃo do corpo hÃdrico (em termos de DBO) usando dois modelos de mudanÃa climÃtica: o HadGEM2-AO e o CanESM2. / The pollution of water resources, mainly arising from the release of untreated domestic sewage collection system or deficit, raises serious damage to the socioeconomic development, significantly affecting the quality of life. In Brazil, the collection and treatment of sewage are considered precarious. The Management Plan Basin Water Jaguaribe (SRH, 1999) pointed domestic sewage as a major pollution sources in the basin, given that few cities in the basin have public collection system and wastewater treatment. Thus, one can say without a doubt that urban centers in Jaguaribe Basin are potential polluters of their water bodies by domestic sewage, because of lack of adequate system of collection, treatment and final disposal of their effluents in receiving bodies. There are, therefore, the fundamental importance of the environmental service provided by Jaguaribe River and its tributaries dilution and self-purification of organic loads that they are intended. The pricing of this service environment will induce economic agents to calculate the cost-benefit, if they want to use it. In this research, the cost of the environmental service provided by Jaguaribe River was estimated costs for the installation of sewage treatment plants (stabilization ponds), implemented in the State of CearÃ, between the years 2008 and 2010. Simulation was performed with the numerical model QUAL2BR. The total estimated remediation costs for the current scenario (2010) was R$ 5.658.365,92. This is the cost that theoretically is provided free of charge by Jaguaribe River the environmental services of selfpurification and dilution of the pollutant effluent. Another analysis that was done, was to analyze the impact of climate change in the self-purification of the water body (in terms of BOD) using two models of climate change: the HadGEM2-AO and CanESM2.

In this study, we examined the extent to which global warming management is currently integrated into the European Water Framework Directive (WFD), the central legal framework for water management in the EU. We focused on the Elbe River Basin District and how global warming is addressed in its water management. We used the social–ecological systems (SES) approach as our theoretical framework, representing an eminent analytical frame of biosphere-based sustainability science. In our study, we analysed core characteristics of SES in the context of global warming to evaluate the effectiveness of current water management in the Elbe River basin concerning long-term changing climate conditions. To determine to what extent each SES feature is considered in the Elbe water management, we applied a scale of 1 to 5. Our results show that the SES feature “scale and openness” is best addressed (score 4.0) by the Elbe River basin management, followed by “context dependency” (score 3.9); however, “non-linearity, uncertainty, unpredictability” (score 3.2), “self-organisation and adaptability” (score 3.1), and “dynamics” (score 3.0) have only moderate impacts. SES features can only be considered comprehensively if global warming is accounted for in an integrated way at a European level. In order to ensure effective implementation, explicit regulations and legally binding obligations are most likely required.