Programm--Städtisches gymnasium, Danzig.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, 1916. / "A Private Edition Distributed by the University of Chicago Libraries." "Reprinted from the Botanical gazette, Vol. LXII, No. 6." "Literature cited": p. 505-506.

Thesis--Bonn University.

Thesis (M.S. in Pomology)--University of California, Berkeley, Sept. 1923. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 53-56).

Inaug.-diss.--Giessen. / Lebenslauf.

Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Chicago, 1916. / "A Private Edition Distributed by the University of Chicago Libraries." "Reprinted from the Botanical gazette, Vol. LXII, No. 6." "Literature cited": p. 505-506. Also available on the Internet. Also issued online.

No description available.

There are several limitations to the use of the 'direct' method for studying root systems in their natural habitats. Newer techniques are needed in understanding many characteristics of roots, which are still obscure. The growing of orchardgrass, colonial bentgrass and red clover in special containers, demonstrated a technique for optical study of root systems, and illustrated an apparent localization of individual plant roots in dense stands. Field tests on square foot plots of orchardgrass and Kentucky bluegrass with placements of a dye, acid fuchsin, at various depths, failed to replicate the preliminary laboratory findings, that the absorption by roots of this material not only stained the roots red, but was soon evident in the aerial portions. Plant injections and soil placement of the fluorescent compounds, eosin, fluorescein and esculin failed to produce fluorescence in plants growing in special containers. The strategic placements of small quantities of radioactive phosphorus (P³²) at various depths in plots of orchard grass, red fescue, Kentucky bluegrass and colonial bentgrass on Alderwood loamy sand, enabled the depth of root penetration to be assessed by measuring radioactivity in the leaves with a Geiger-Muller counter. The movement of P³² in the soil was studied on the profiles of similar plots kept bare of vegetation, and on which similar placements were made. A modified technique resulted in the localization of the radioactive phosphorus in the soil. Plants in established plots of orchardgrass, red fescue, Kentucky bluegrass and colonial bentgrass were injected with P³² near the crown. The movement to the roots was found to be very slow when radioactivity was checked in the roots from the profiles. In a four week old alfalfa clone, injected three weeks earlier, P³² was recorded to have reached the maximum depth attained by visible roots. This was not the case with the grasses. The absorption of lithium from lithium chloride placed at various depths in rows of orchardgrass and alfalfa was determined by photometric analysis of samples from aerial portions. The extent of the root penetration was determined by the relatively higher concentrations of lithium in plants located above these placements. / Land and Food Systems, Faculty of / Graduate

Roots smaller than 5 mm in diameter were studied in three typical high elevation forested plant associations of coastal Southwestern British Columbia. The objectives were to quantify their distribution with depth, examining changes with plant association and time; to examine their relationships with foliage; and to seek correlations with soil properties. Coring randomly in three replicates of each plant association was followed by washing of soil and organic matter from roots with water in combination with manual sorting. Length and surface area were estimated for all samples. Standard analytical methods were used for determining soil physical and chemical properties. Soil temperature and moisture were measured during the growing season. The peak in mass of both overstory and understory < 2 mm roots was within the upper 10 cm of the soil. Overstory 2-5 mm roots peaked between 5 and 30 cm. Understory 2-5 mm roots peaked within 10 cm of the surface of the forest floor. The large variation between replicates of the plant associations made it impossible to determine if changes in root mass with time of sampling were real or due to random variation. Unsuberized roots of the overstory vegetation contributed very little to biomass of ≤ 5 mm roots. Biomass of ≤ 5 mm roots of the overstory vegetation varied from 740 to 1320 g m⁻², length from 3.8 to 6.5 km m⁻², and surface area from 7.3 to 11.9 m² m⁻². The ridgetop association had the most overstory and understory roots and its soil (including organic horizons) was lowest in total nitrogen concentration and CEC. The midslope association had intermediate amounts of overstory roots, the lowest amount of understory roots, and its soil was intermediate in nitrogen concentration and CEC. The receiving association had the lowest amounts of overstory roots, intermediate amounts of understory roots, and its soil had the highest nitrogen concentration and CEC. The ridgetop ecosystems had the highest ratio of root-to-shoot and ratio of root-to-foliage plus twig, being approximately double the ratio for the receiving association. The midslope association was intermediate. Correlations of root mass with soil properties were generally poor. / Forestry, Faculty of / Graduate

No description available.