Diss. (sammanfattning) Stockholm : Karol. inst., 2004. / Härtill 4 uppsatser.

M. Tech. / Purpose: To determine whether there was any improvement in proprioception by influencing the proprioceptive receptors through either manual manipulation of the Sacroiliac joint or subjecting the participants to whole body vibration by means of Powerplate training. A combination of the two was also used. Methods: This study included 45 participants divided into 3 groups of equal size. All participants were symptomatic with regard to Sacroiliac Joint pain and\or restriction and fell within the different activity categories according to the Internat ional Physical Activity Questionnaire. Participants in Group 1 were subjected to Sacroiliac Joint adjustment and Powerplate training, Group 2’s participants were subjected only to Sacroiliac Joint adjustment, and participants in Group 3 were only asked to perform training sessions on the Powerplate. The study design consisted of six consultations with intervention applied at each consultation and objective readings taken at the beginning, after the 3rd intervention and after the last intervention. Objective data was obtained by the Biodex Stability System. The initial effect of the intervention was represented by the initial Biodex Stability System reading compared to the second reading, and the short term effect was represented by the initial reading compared to the Biodex Stability System reading at the end of the six consultations. Results: Objective results from comparing intergroup Biodex Overall Stability Index readings showed that Group 3, the group that received only Powerplate training, had the most significant ef fect (p=0.016). This was followed by Group 1 (Powerplate and Chiropractic Spinal Adjustive therapy) with p=0.098. During intragroup comparison, it was found that the initial treatment , from the first Biodex reading to the second, had the biggest effect (p=0.005). iv Conclusion: Although the group that only received Powerplate training showed a significant effect especially with initial treatment, some effect was also seen at the group that received both Powerplate training and Chiropractic Spinal Adjustive therapy and the group that only received Chiropractic Spinal Adjustive therapy. Although there was an initial worsening of balance between sessions 1 and 2 in the Powerplate group, the overall effect showed an improvement in balance in this Group.

A thesis presented in partial compliance wnh the requirements for the Master's Degree in Chiropractic, Technikon Natal, 1999. / Sacroiliac syndrome is a common condition causing low back pain (Mierau et al. 1984, Guo and Zhao 1994). It is a painful, debilitating condition that may cause considerable discomfort (Haldeman 1992:220). According to Frymoyer et al. (1991:2114), sacroiliac syndrome is a frequently overlooked source of low back pain as it may mimic other well known causes of low back pain / M

M.Tech. / This study was conducted to determine the effect of Sacroiliac joint adjustment to the restricted Sacroiliac joint in combination with myofascial dry needling to the active/latent Rectus Femoris muscle trigger point and Rectus Femoris myofascial dry needling on its own on Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength. Thirty participants between the ages of 18 and 40 years were recruited through the use of advertisements placed in and around the University of Johannesburg’s Chiropractic Day Clinic. Participants were assessed for exclusion criteria by performing a Full Case History, Pertinent Physical Examination, Lumbar Spine and Pelvis Regional Examination and S.O.A.P note. The participants who conformed to the specific inclusion criteria were accepted for this study. These participants were randomly placed into two groups of sixteen participants each. Group One receive Sacroiliac joint adjustment to the restricted Sacroiliac joint and ipsilateral myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle active/latent myofascial trigger points. Group two received myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle active/latent myofascial trigger point on the same side as the Sacroiliac joint restriction. Each participant received five treatments over a three week period, i.e. two treatments for the first two weeks and one follow-up treatment in the third week. The subjective data of the patients lower back pain was assessed using the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. The objective data was obtained from the Isometric Dynamometer measuring the Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength before and after each treatment. In addition the Algometer was used for measuring the pressure pain threshold of the Rectus Femoris trigger points. An analysis was performed using Repeated Measures Analysis, t-Test, Frequencis, Descriptives and Friedman’s Tests. The results of this study demonstrate that Sacroiliac joint adjustment to a restricted Sacroiliac joint with ipsilateral myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle showed a statistically significant, but temporary increase in Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength. Myofascial dry needling of the Rectus Femoris muscle on its own was found to be statistically insignificant for the increase in Quadriceps Femoris muscle strength.

M.Tech. / The aim of this research study was to determine the most effective way of treating sacroiliac joint dysfunction with associated gluteus medius trigger points, using adjusting of the sacroiliac joint or needling of the gluteus medius muscle or both. The participants were recruited randomly and placed in 3 different groups. Participants in group 1 were treated with an adjustment of the sacroiliac joint, as well as needling of the most prominent gluteus medius trigger point. Participants in group 2 were adjusted only and participants in group 3 were needled only. The treatment of the participants took place at the University of Johannesburg’s chiropractic day clinic. The objective data was acquired using a Digital Inclinometer to measure the ranges of motion at the spinal levels of the 5th lumbar vertebra and the first sacral vertebra (L5/ S1). An Algometer was used to measure the amount of pressure required to evoke pain, within the most prominent trigger point being treated. The subjective data was acquired using the Oswestry Pain and Disability Questionnaire, as well as the Numerical Pain Rating Scale. The results of the trial were of no statistical significance, but clinical improvement in both objective and subjective data was found. Group 2’s mean value percentage improvement was the greatest, when looking at range of motion. Group 1’s mean value percentage improvement was the greatest, with the Algometer and the subjective readings. The outcome of this study was that overall all three treatment protocols had a positive effect on the participants. Group 1 and group 2 had a slightly greater overall improvement. Thus it is suggested that when treating sacroiliac joint dysfunction with associated gluteus medius trigger points, the doctor can use an adjustment or adjusting with needling, both are effective. It is important to take the patients preference into account in order to make them feel at ease with the treatment they are receiving.

M. Tech. / Purpose: Trigger points in the paraspinal muscles are commonly associated with lameness or stiffness in horses, and unless they are “released”, muscle power and flexibility are impaired and athletic performance is reduced (Rogers, Fischer, Pontinen, and Janssens, 1996). The aim of this study was to determine the immediate and the prolonged effects of Sacroiliac mobilization on spot tenderness within the Erector spinae muscles of performance horses. Method: Horses from a selected stable yard underwent a screening process under the supervision of a qualified Chiropractor and Veterinarian to identify horses suitable for the study. Thirty horses were selected for the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The sample was divided into two groups of fifteen horses. The experiment group received mobilization therapy for SI joint restrictions, while the control group did not receive any treatment intervention. Procedure: Horses received an initial treatment and two follow ups, totaling three treatments. The first follow up treatment was two days after the initial and the second was four days post initial treatment. During these treatment sessions, trigger points in the Erector spinae muscles were located in each horse and algometer measurements were taken. Sacroiliac restrictions were then identified using motion palpation and passive range of motion as indicators. The researcher performed a mobilization technique on the Sacroiliac joints of horses in the experiment group only, and thereafter both groups were reassessed two minutes later, via an algometer, for spot tenderness within the same trigger points. The Sacroiliac restrictions and trigger points were re-assessed without treatment two weeks later. Conclusion: The results indicated that low-velocity Sacroiliac mobilization was effective in increasing the pain-pressure tolerance within the Erector spinae muscles of performance horses immediately and over the treatment period of two weeks.

No description available.

Submitted in partial compliance with the requirements for the Master’s Degree in Technology: Chiropractic, Durban University of Technology, Durban, South Africa, 2017. / Sacroiliac joint syndrome is diagnosed in patients who complain of various painful symptoms associated to their lower back, for example: hip and groin pain, sciatica pain, and / or a need to frequently urinate. They further report that their pain is further intensified when standing from sitting, stair walking, bending forward or from sitting or standing too long. Sacroiliac joint syndrome has been widely accepted by health professions as a contributor to low back pain. Spinal manipulation has shown to be an effective method for pain relief of this condition. Studies have been done using physical therapy in conjunction with manipulation in treating sacroiliac joint syndrome. However, little research has been done on the effects of static stretching and manipulation combined. The posterior oblique sling group of muscles is created by the biceps femoris, gluteus maximus, erector spinae and latissimus dorsi muscles. The sacroiliac joint can be affected by the functional relationship of the posterior oblique sling muscles. These muscles are involved in forces across the sacroiliac joint. Tightness of muscles can affect the sacroiliac joint. Flexibility is an essential element of normal biomechanical functioning. Flexibility of muscles, tendons and ligaments can influence a joints range of motion. There is evidence that suggests that stretching could increase a joint’s range of motion which was evident one or more days after the stretching protocol in people without clinically significant contractures. Upon review of the related literature, it appears that there is insufficient literature assessing the clinical effectiveness of static stretching of the posterior oblique muscle sling group with respect to sacroiliac joint syndrome. Therefore this study is aimed at providing insight into the role of the posterior oblique muscle sling group in participants with and chronic sacroiliac joint syndrome. It is hypothesized that effective treatment of these muscles will allow for a more effective outcome of symptoms. The study design chosen was a randomised, clinical trial consisting of thirty voluntary participants’ between the ages 18 to 45 years suffering from chronic sacroiliac joint syndrome. There were two groups of fifteen participants, who received four treatment consultations within a two week period. Participants placed into Group One received sacroiliac joint manipulation only, while participants in Group Two received static stretching of the posterior oblique muscle sling and sacroiliac joint manipulation. Subjective and objective readings were taken at the first, third and fourth (final) consultations. The Numerical Pain Rating Scale (NRS) and the Oswestry Low Back Pain Disability Index (OSW) questionnaires were used to assess the subjective findings whilst the objective measurements were collected from results of algometer and inclinometer readings. The intra-group analysis revealed there was a statistically significant improvement within both groups for NRS, OSW, and inclinometer results. It appeared that Group Two fared better in terms of the algometer (pressure) results. The inter-group analysis revealed that all comparisons apart from the algometer readings had no statistically significant improvement between the two groups. From the intra-group comparisons of the objective data, participants in both groups experienced a statistically significant improvement. However, Group Two fared better in terms of the algometric pressure readings (p = 0.001). This study confirms that both treatment protocols were effective in reducing the signs and symptoms associated with sacroiliac joint syndrome. Although the readings were not statistically significant, there is evidence that Group Two responded better than Group One in terms of the algometer readings (Figure 4.13). There is insufficient literature on studies related to the posterior oblique sling muscles, and therefore, comparisons are needed with respect to the posterior oblique muscle sling group and its effects on the sacroiliac joint. This study concludes that overall there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups and recommends that further studies be undertaken with a greater number of participants to gauge if a more significant result can be achieved. / M

京都大学 / 0048 / 新制・課程博士 / 博士(人間健康科学) / 甲第21703号 / 人健博第69号 / 新制||人健||5(附属図書館) / 京都大学大学院医学研究科人間健康科学系専攻 / (主査)教授 山田 重人, 教授 古田 真里枝, 教授 万代 昌紀 / 学位規則第4条第1項該当 / Doctor of Human Health Sciences / Kyoto University / DFAM

Transition analysis transforms skeletal traits with an invariant, unidirectional series of stages into a likelihood function with a maximum likelihood value and a 95% confidence interval. Boldsen et al. used transition analysis to develop an adult age estimation method employing components of the cranial sutures, pubic symphysis and ilial portion of the sacroiliac joint, used either in combination or individually. This validation study aimed to use the 36 transition analysis numerical, categorical scores for the anatomical features in conjunction with the ADBOU computer program to assess the accuracy and precision of the age estimates for 149 black individuals from the Pretoria Bone Collection. In addition, the effect of observer variability in scoring of these traits was assessed. Six age estimations were generated by the ADBOU computer program using 1) the cranial sutures only, 2) the pubic symphysis only, 3) the auricular surface of the ilium only, 4) all three features combined, 5) all three features combined and modified by a forensic prior distribution and 6) all three features combined and modified by an archaeological prior distribution. The six point estimate categories, calculated from the maximum likelihood values, were evaluated for accuracy using mean absolute values. The 95% confidence intervals were evaluated for range width and accuracy. Cohen’s Kappa statistics were used to analyse repeatability of the scoring procedure through inter- and intra-observer agreement and Kruskal-Wallis ANOVA statistics to determine the effect of observer differences on the final age estimates. The usefulness of the age ranges were diminished by large widths encompassing up to 95 years. The accuracy for the point estimates fared better for the combined skeletal indicators and overall accuracy was improved by using the archaeological prior distribution. The archaeological prior distribution was also responsible for narrowing the age ranges, especially in the older ages (over 70 years). Age estimates did not differ significantly when using inter- and intra-observer scores, but experience with the method did seem to improve results. Overall, age ranges were too wide, but accuracy could potentially be improved by adding more skeletal components to the method and using a population-specific prior distribution. The method would need considerable adjustments to make it usable in a South African setting. / Dissertation (MSc)--University of Pretoria, 2014. / tm2015 / Anatomy / MSc / Unrestricted