The activity of mineral extraction in the Valley of Paraíba do Sul River occurs in a vulnerable environment and is responsible for environmental impacts on the alluvial plain. When this activity is developed without technical criteria a predatory exploration results, generating changes in the environment and raising questions from the concerned community. Since 1993, several methodologies to recover degraded areas were proposed to minimize the impacts of the extraction of sand. Some produced positive results and others failed. This work had the objective to create a data basis in a Geographic Information System to evaluate the degree of impact of the activity of sand extraction in the alluvial plain of the Paraíba Valley, in the segment between Jacareí and Pindamonhangaba, for the period from 1992 to 2003 and to give support to licensing, monitoring of the environmental law enforcement and control of the activity of sand mining. Using the software SPRING and Landsat imagery, ETM+ scenes 218/76 and 219/76, a georeferenced database was created for production of maps and quantification of sand extraction areas. The use of images of different acquisition dates made it possible the assessment of the evolution of the activity in the area. Field work allowed the comparison of results from the two methods for degraded areas recovery, i.e. eforestation and natural regrowth. Using data from the weather station of the Department of Agrarian Sciences of the University of Taubaté and an EXCELTM spreadsheet, the climatological water balance and the potential evapotranspiration were calculated to estimate the amount of evaporation from the water surface left by the sand extraction process. Thus, it was possible to estimate the impact of water loss to the atmosphere due to this activity. The data basis integrated in a GIS platform developed in this work represented a technological advancement for the control actions and fiscalization and allowed the assessment of the area expansion and the impact of the loss of water for the atmosphere due to evaporation due to sand mining. / A atividade de extração mineral no Vale do Paraíba do Sul, praticada em um ambiente vulnerável, é responsável por alterações ambientais na planície aluvial. Essa atividade quando conduzida sem critérios técnicos se constitui numa exploração predatória e gera alterações no Meio Ambiente e pressões por parte da comunidade. Desde 1993, várias etodologias de recuperação de áreas degradadas foram propostas para minimizar os impactos da extração de areia. Alguns produziram resultado e outras não. Esse trabalho teve por objetivo criar um banco de dados baseado em um Sistema de Informações Geográficas para se avaliar a evolução e o grau de interferência da atividade de extração de areia na planície aluvial do Vale do Paraíba, no trecho entre Jacareí e Pindamonhangaba, no período de 1993 a 2003 e, dar suporte ao licenciamento, fiscalização e controle da atividade de mineração de areia. Utilizando-se o software SPRING e imagens do satélite Landsat sensor ETM+, cenas 218/76 e 219/76, produziu-se um banco de dados georreferenciado para produção de mapas e quantificação da área ocupada pela extração de areia. A incorporação de imagens de diferentes períodos possibilitou acompanhamento da evolução da atividade na região. Avaliações em campo permitiram a comparação dos resultados obtidos na recuperação de áreas degradadas com revegetação e regeneração natural. Utilizando-se os dados da estação climatológica do Departamento de Ciências Agrárias da UNITAU e uma planilha desenvolvida em ambiente EXCELTM, foi calculado o Balanço Hídrico Climatológico e a estimativa de evapotranspiração potencial, utilizada para se estabelecer a evaporação causada pelas cavas de areia resultantes da mineração. Dessa forma, com a área total de lagos artificiais obtidas do banco de dados georreferenciado foi possível calcular o volume de água perdido para atmosfera por evaporação e a relevância dessa perda no Balanço Hídrico da Bacia Hidrográfica do rio Paraíba do Sul. O SIG produzido a partir deste trabalho representou um avanço tecnológico para as ações de controle e fiscalização; possibilitando conhecer quantitativamente a evolução da área minerada, e avaliar o impacto da perda de água para a atmosfera por evaporação.

Der Feinkornanteil von Sanden ist einer der Einflussparameter für die Verflüssigungsneigung, welche hier anhand von Kennlinien im Rahmen des critical-state Konzeptes quantifiziert wird. Das durchgeführte Versuchsprogramm umfasste hauptsächlich statische undrainierte triaxiale Kompressionsversuche, ergänzt durch drainierte statische Triaxialversuche. Diese wurden an Hostun Sand, reinem Schluff, und Mischungen aus beiden jeweils in einem Dichtebereich von etwa 28% bis 90% relativer Lagerungsdichte durchgeführt. Die Lage und Funktion des critical-state locus (CSL) unterschiedet sich maßgeblich in den Bereichen ober- und unterhalb eines Grenzfeinkorngehaltes. Jeweils für den Bereich unterhalb und oberhalb des Grenzfeinkorngehaltes wurde eine normalisierte CSL (äquivalente CSL) ermittelt, die es erlaubt, die Verflüssigungsneigung für verschiedene Feinkorngehalte im Gültigkeitsbereich der äquivalenten CSL zu ermitteln.

The subject of the diploma thesis is a new building of a recreational pension with restaurant and wellness facilities in Náklo. It is a multi-storey building with three above-ground and one underground floors, located near Lake Kobylnik. The accommodation capacity of the boarding house is 26 beds. The proposal respects both the municipal plan and the existing surrounding area. It has a rugged floor plan with a central staircase. The vertical supporting structures are made of sand-lime blocks. Ceiling structures are made of prestressed reinforced concrete panels with cavities and reinforced concrete monolithic panels. The object of the holiday house has two types of roofing. Classical sloping saddle roof and flat roof above the central part. A water surface and a recreational area are designed on the parcels concerned. The proposed building is situated in a perspective area for tourism, near the Litovelské Pomoraví Protected Landscape Area.

En aplicaciones geotécnicas, el ensayo de penetración dinámica ligera (DPL) es un método alternativo a la Prueba de Penetración Estándar (SPT) para la determinación de los parámetros del suelo. La exigencia de diversas normativas para correlacionar ambos ensayos in situ y no establecer una metodología para realizarlo, limita el alcance práctico del DPL. La presente investigación desarrolla una metodología y una ecuación de correlación entre el ensayo de penetración dinámica ligera (DPL) y la Prueba de Penetración Estándar (SPT) específicamente para suelos arenosos (SP y SP-SM) ubicados en una zona del distrito de Chilca, provincia de Cañete, departamento de Lima. Para el análisis se utilizaron hasta 393 pares de datos, obteniendo correlaciones lineales entre el número de golpes obtenidos de la prueba de Penetración Estándar-NSPT y del ensayo de penetración dinámica ligera-N10; obteniendo un coeficiente de determinación (R2) entre 84% y 87%. La correlación obtenida se puede aplicar para obtener parámetros del suelo cuando el DPL se utiliza como complemento en investigaciones geotécnicas. / In geotechnical applications, the dynamic probing light (DPL) is an alternative method to the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) for the determination of soil parameters. The requirement of various regulations for correlating both tests in the same field and not establishing a methodology to carry it out, limits the practical scope of dynamic probing light. This research presents a correlation methodology and the correlation between the dynamic probing light (DPL) and the Standard Penetration Test (SPT) specifically for sandy soils (SP and SP-SM) located in an area of Chilca, in Cañete - Lima - Peru. For the analysis, 393 data pairs were used, obtaining two linear correlations between the blow count of Standard Penetration-NSPT test and the dynamic probing light method-N10, which presented a coefficient of determination (R2) between 84% and 87 %. This correlation can be used to obtain soil parameters when the DPL is used in complementary geotechnical investigations. / Tesis

The project deals with a new building of a polyfunctional house in Hodonín. The object has four overground floors. Two law offices and three garages are designed on the ground floor. The other floors will house a total of 5 flats. The object is projected from the KM Beta system. The roof is flat.

This thesis dealing with the project documentation construction of the stage for building construction on a new building golf club. This is a partial basement, two-storey building. The building is designed from sand - lime brick system KM Beta Sendwix in the basement was used shuttering blocks CS concrete. The ceilings are designed as reinforced concrete cross floor slabs. The roofing is made by flat roofs vegetation at different levels.

Subject of the diploma thesis was to resolve influence of grey cast iron on penetration into cement sand. Methodology of trial was designed and its attestation was implemented in experimental and running conditions. On boundary-line cement sand and pouring metal was certified generation of complex allied substances. Created mathematical model of mechanical penetration proved influence of temperature and chemical composition of grey cast iron on range of penetration.

This thesis describes influence of plasticizers and setting accelerators in binder system based aluminasilikates. Following survey includes changes of characteristics of aluminate cements in combination with various setting accelerators. Practical testing and measuring summarizes and compares interdependence of structure, compressive strength, permeability and abrasion resistance. As a final part of thesis individual mixes are analysed economically and are accompanied by suggestions for future use and use in working experience.

The subject of this thesis is to verify effect of aluminium powder in ground refractory coatin, which is intended for casting od steel castings to organic bonded moulds. The pre-sence of aluminium powder in ground coating was expertised on term of coating in itself - that means immunity to heat shock, penetration etc., and in term of influence on formation of surface defects etc. Outputs of this thesis are: setting of optimum amount of aluminium powder in ground coating and statistically verified analysis of effects of modified coating in term of creation of defects

Diploma thesis deals with design of semimobile device for sorting sand and describes design of machine parts. This thesis includes checking calculations of selected structural elements and final verification of calculations and measurements.