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  • About
  • The Global ETD Search service is a free service for researchers to find electronic theses and dissertations. This service is provided by the Networked Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations.
    Our metadata is collected from universities around the world. If you manage a university/consortium/country archive and want to be added, details can be found on the NDLTD website.
1

Clinical Reliability and Diagnostic Accuracy of Visual Scapulohumeral Movement Evaluation in Detecting Patients With Shoulder Impairment

Wassinger, Craig A., Williams, Duane A., Milosavljevic, Stephan, Hegedus, Eric J. 01 August 2015 (has links)
BACKGROUND: Clinical investigation of shoulder injuries commonly utilizes visual evaluation of scapular movement to determine if abnormal or asymmetrical movements are related to the injury. To date, the intrarater reliability and diagnostic accuracy of visual evaluation of scapular movement among physical therapists are not known. PURPOSE: The aims of this study were to determine the clinical reliability and diagnostic accuracy of physical therapists visual evaluation of scapulohumeral movements when used to diagnose shoulder impairment. STUDY DESIGN: University based laboratory and an internet based survey. METHODS: Thirty-three physical therapists and 12 patient participants participated in this study. Reliability was measured as percent agreement and using the free marginal kappa statistic (κ) and Cronbach's alpha (α) for interrater and intrarater reliability respectively. Diagnostic accuracy variables such as sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios were calculated from contingency table analysis. RESULTS: Visual evaluation yielded the following (95% CI): diagnostic accuracy 49.5%, specificity 60% (56 - 64), and sensitivity 35% (29 - 41), positive and negative likelihood ratios were 0.87 (0.66 - 1.14) and 1.09 (0.92 - 1.27) respectively. Percent agreements of evaluation findings between sessions for static and dynamic symmetry were 69% and 68%, respectively. The alpha statistics for static and dynamic symmetry were both 0.51. Percentage agreement in determining the injured shoulder was 59%, with an alpha statistic of 0.35. CONCLUSION: Visual evaluation of scapular movements, without additional clinical information, demonstrated a poor to fair reliability and poor to fair diagnostic accuracy. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: The clinical utility of the use of isolated visual scapular evaluation is cautioned. More reliable and valid objective measures are needed for diagnosing shoulder impairment. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2b, Exploratory cohort study.
2

Pohybový stereotyp abdukce v ramenním kloubu v počáteční fázi hodu u extraligových hráčů softballu. / The motion pattern of abduction in the shoulder joint in overhead throwing of softball Extraliga players

Hrdinová, Denisa January 2019 (has links)
Author: Bc. Denisa Hrdinová Title: The motion pattern of abduction in the shoulder joint in overhead throwing of softball Extraliga players Objectives:The aim of the thesis was to monitor and evaluate the difference in the sequence of tenses of muscle recruitment during the abduction in the shoulder joint between softball players and the general population, using surface electromyography (SEMG). A partial aim was to identify shortened muscle groups of the shoulder girdle and their influence on the timing of the abductors. Another partial aim was to evaluate the effect of shortened muscle groups on possible deficits in scapulohumeral rhythm of softball players. Methods: The experimental group (n=10) and the control group (n=10) with a total average age of 21.8 ± 1.81 (SD) participated in the kinesiological analysis with targeted examination of the shortened muscle groups and scapulohumeral rhythm. Followed by SEMG examination of muscle timing during abduction in the shoulder joint. Five muscles were monitored during 15 repetitions of motion at 70 bpm. The SEMG signal analysis was processed by rectification and smoothing in MyoResearch software by Noraxon v3.80 and statistical analysis performed in program Statistica 13.4. Results: 1. The difference in timing between the experimental and control...
3

Ajustes posturais dos músculos escapulares e globais como mecanismos de controle do movimento do ombro e da postura / Postural adjustments of scapular and global muscles as mechanisms to control the shoulder motion and posture

Cajueiro, Monique Oliveira Baptista 06 December 2018 (has links)
A falha na estabilidade escapular e no ritmo escápulo-umeral são associadas ao risco de lesão no complexo do ombro. Apesar de se saber que a estabilização ativa dos músculos escapulares é fundamental para evitar disfunções ainda pouco se sabe sobre como o controle postural no complexo do ombro ocorre e como tais mecanismos poderiam auxiliar na estabilização da articulação perante uma tarefa. Será que há ajustes posturais antecipatórios (APA) e compensatórios (APC) nos músculos escapulares (serrátil anterior, trapézio inferior e trapézio superior) em tarefas motoras que envolvem o movimento dos membros superiores? Como as ações motoras modulam a resposta postural dos músculos escapulares e globais (músculos do tronco e membros inferiores) para estabilizar e orientar o corpo? O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a existência dos ajustes posturais antecipatórios e compensatórios nos músculos escapulares e globais em sujeitos ativos saudáveis em tarefas de membros superiores. Para tal, participaram 70 indivíduos ativos saudáveis (18 mulheres e 52 homens, 28,0±7,2 anos, 70,5±13,4 kg e 1,72±0,07 m). Foi mensurada atividade eletromiográfica do músculo focal Deltóide Anterior, músculos escapulares (Serrátil Anterior, Trapézio Superior, Trapézio Inferior) e músculos globais (Reto Abdominal, Eretor Longuíssimo, Reto Femoral, Bíceps Femoral, Gastrocnêmio, Tibial Anterior) em 4 tarefas de membros superiores (abdução no plano escapular, adução, flexão e extensão) executadas com halteres de massa 1kg e 3kg. Os resultados mostraram a existência de ajustes posturais dos músculos escapulares (p<0,001); a tarefa e massa influenciaram nos ajustes posturais antecipatórios e compensatórios (p<0,001); as tarefas de adução versus extensão não apresentaram diferença entre si na atividade muscular dos músculos escapulares durante os ajustes posturais antecipatórios e compensatórios (p>0,05); as tarefas de abdução versus flexão são semelhantes com massa 1kg (p>0,05), mas se tornam diferentes com massa 3kg (p<0,001) com relação a atividade muscular dos músculos escapulares e globais; nas tarefas de flexão e abdução os maiores ajustes posturais foram dos músculos escapulares (Serrátil Anterior e Trapézio Inferior) (p<0,001); nas tarefas de adução e extensão os maiores são dos músculos globais (p<0,001); os ajustes posturais antecipatórios e compensatórios foram maiores nos músculos escapulares Serrátil Anterior e Trapézio Inferior do que no músculo focal Deltóide Anterior (p<0,001); existiu modulações nos tipos e níveis de APA e APC nas tarefas de membros superiores (p<0,001). Em conclusão, temos uma associação de ajustes posturais como mecanismos de estabilização e orientação do ombro em tarefas dos membros superiores. No entanto, a intensidade e modulação dos ajustes posturais são afetadas pela tarefa e massa. Acreditamos que a atividade muscular dos músculos escapulares esteja diretamente associada a necessidade de minimizar a perturbação para a manutenção da orientação e estabilidade segmento (ombro), assim como atividade dos músculos globais está associada a manutenção da estabilidade e orientação do corpo. Esses achados podem ser utilizados para futuros estudos comparando sujeitos com disfunção e saudáveis e assim entender se há atividade anormal dos músculos escapulares nos períodos de ajustes posturais antecipatórios e compensatórios e se esta atividade muscular contribui para disfunção do complexo do ombro / The failure of scapular stability and scapulohumeral rhythm is associated with the risk of injury to the shoulder complex. Although it is known that the active stabilization of the scapular muscles is fundamental to avoid dysfunctions, little is known about how postural control in the shoulder complex occurs and how such mechanisms could help stabilize the joint before a task. Are there anticipatory postural adjustments (APA) and compensatory (CPA) in the scapular muscles (serratus anterior, lower trapezius and upper trapezius) in motor tasks involving the movement of the upper limbs? How do motor actions modulate the postural response of the scapular and global muscles (trunk muscles and lower limbs) to stabilize and guide the body? The objective of this study was to analyze the existence of anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments in the scapular and global muscles in healthy subjects in upper limb tasks. To do this, participated 70 healthy active individuals (18 women and 52 men, 28,0±7,2 years 70,5±13,4 kg and 1,72±0,07 m). It Was measured electromyographic activity of focal muscle (Deltoid Anterior), scapular muscles (Serratus Anterior, Upper Trapezius, Lower Trapezius) and global muscles (Rectus Abdominis, Longissimus, Rectus Femoris, Biceps Femoris, Gastrocnemius, Tibial Anterior) was measured in 4 upper limb tasks (abduction in the scapular plane, adduction, flexion and extension) performed with dumbbells of 1kg and 3kg mass. The results showed the existence of postural adjustments of the scapular muscles (p <0.001); the task and mass influenced the anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments (p <0.001); the tasks of adduction versus extension did not difference among themselves in the muscular activity of the scapular muscles during the anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments (p> 0.05); the abduction versus flexion tasks are similar with mass 1kg (p> 0.05), but become different with mass 3kg (p <0.001) in relation to muscular activity of the scapular and global muscles; during flexion and abduction tasks, the greatest postural adjustments were the scapular muscles (Serratus Anterior and Lower Trapezius) (p <0.001); during adduction and extension tasks, the largest of the global muscles (p <0.001); anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments were higher in the serratus anterior and lower trapezius scapula muscles than in the anterior deltoid focal muscle (p <0.001); there were modulations in the types and levels of APA and CPA in upper limb tasks (p <0.001). In conclusion, we have an association of postural adjustments as mechanisms of stabilization and orientation of the shoulder in tasks of the upper limbs. However, the intensity and modulation of postural adjustments are affected by task and mass. We believe that the muscular activity of the scapular muscles is directly associated with the need to minimize the perturbation to the maintenance of the orietantion and stability segment (shoulder), as well as overall muscle activity is associated with maintaining stability and body orientation. These findings can be used for future studies comparing subjects with dysfunction and health and thus to understand if there is abnormal activity of the scapular muscles in the periods of anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments and if this muscular activity contributes to dysfunction of the shoulder complex
4

Ajustes posturais dos músculos escapulares e globais como mecanismos de controle do movimento do ombro e da postura / Postural adjustments of scapular and global muscles as mechanisms to control the shoulder motion and posture

Monique Oliveira Baptista Cajueiro 06 December 2018 (has links)
A falha na estabilidade escapular e no ritmo escápulo-umeral são associadas ao risco de lesão no complexo do ombro. Apesar de se saber que a estabilização ativa dos músculos escapulares é fundamental para evitar disfunções ainda pouco se sabe sobre como o controle postural no complexo do ombro ocorre e como tais mecanismos poderiam auxiliar na estabilização da articulação perante uma tarefa. Será que há ajustes posturais antecipatórios (APA) e compensatórios (APC) nos músculos escapulares (serrátil anterior, trapézio inferior e trapézio superior) em tarefas motoras que envolvem o movimento dos membros superiores? Como as ações motoras modulam a resposta postural dos músculos escapulares e globais (músculos do tronco e membros inferiores) para estabilizar e orientar o corpo? O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a existência dos ajustes posturais antecipatórios e compensatórios nos músculos escapulares e globais em sujeitos ativos saudáveis em tarefas de membros superiores. Para tal, participaram 70 indivíduos ativos saudáveis (18 mulheres e 52 homens, 28,0±7,2 anos, 70,5±13,4 kg e 1,72±0,07 m). Foi mensurada atividade eletromiográfica do músculo focal Deltóide Anterior, músculos escapulares (Serrátil Anterior, Trapézio Superior, Trapézio Inferior) e músculos globais (Reto Abdominal, Eretor Longuíssimo, Reto Femoral, Bíceps Femoral, Gastrocnêmio, Tibial Anterior) em 4 tarefas de membros superiores (abdução no plano escapular, adução, flexão e extensão) executadas com halteres de massa 1kg e 3kg. Os resultados mostraram a existência de ajustes posturais dos músculos escapulares (p<0,001); a tarefa e massa influenciaram nos ajustes posturais antecipatórios e compensatórios (p<0,001); as tarefas de adução versus extensão não apresentaram diferença entre si na atividade muscular dos músculos escapulares durante os ajustes posturais antecipatórios e compensatórios (p>0,05); as tarefas de abdução versus flexão são semelhantes com massa 1kg (p>0,05), mas se tornam diferentes com massa 3kg (p<0,001) com relação a atividade muscular dos músculos escapulares e globais; nas tarefas de flexão e abdução os maiores ajustes posturais foram dos músculos escapulares (Serrátil Anterior e Trapézio Inferior) (p<0,001); nas tarefas de adução e extensão os maiores são dos músculos globais (p<0,001); os ajustes posturais antecipatórios e compensatórios foram maiores nos músculos escapulares Serrátil Anterior e Trapézio Inferior do que no músculo focal Deltóide Anterior (p<0,001); existiu modulações nos tipos e níveis de APA e APC nas tarefas de membros superiores (p<0,001). Em conclusão, temos uma associação de ajustes posturais como mecanismos de estabilização e orientação do ombro em tarefas dos membros superiores. No entanto, a intensidade e modulação dos ajustes posturais são afetadas pela tarefa e massa. Acreditamos que a atividade muscular dos músculos escapulares esteja diretamente associada a necessidade de minimizar a perturbação para a manutenção da orientação e estabilidade segmento (ombro), assim como atividade dos músculos globais está associada a manutenção da estabilidade e orientação do corpo. Esses achados podem ser utilizados para futuros estudos comparando sujeitos com disfunção e saudáveis e assim entender se há atividade anormal dos músculos escapulares nos períodos de ajustes posturais antecipatórios e compensatórios e se esta atividade muscular contribui para disfunção do complexo do ombro / The failure of scapular stability and scapulohumeral rhythm is associated with the risk of injury to the shoulder complex. Although it is known that the active stabilization of the scapular muscles is fundamental to avoid dysfunctions, little is known about how postural control in the shoulder complex occurs and how such mechanisms could help stabilize the joint before a task. Are there anticipatory postural adjustments (APA) and compensatory (CPA) in the scapular muscles (serratus anterior, lower trapezius and upper trapezius) in motor tasks involving the movement of the upper limbs? How do motor actions modulate the postural response of the scapular and global muscles (trunk muscles and lower limbs) to stabilize and guide the body? The objective of this study was to analyze the existence of anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments in the scapular and global muscles in healthy subjects in upper limb tasks. To do this, participated 70 healthy active individuals (18 women and 52 men, 28,0±7,2 years 70,5±13,4 kg and 1,72±0,07 m). It Was measured electromyographic activity of focal muscle (Deltoid Anterior), scapular muscles (Serratus Anterior, Upper Trapezius, Lower Trapezius) and global muscles (Rectus Abdominis, Longissimus, Rectus Femoris, Biceps Femoris, Gastrocnemius, Tibial Anterior) was measured in 4 upper limb tasks (abduction in the scapular plane, adduction, flexion and extension) performed with dumbbells of 1kg and 3kg mass. The results showed the existence of postural adjustments of the scapular muscles (p <0.001); the task and mass influenced the anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments (p <0.001); the tasks of adduction versus extension did not difference among themselves in the muscular activity of the scapular muscles during the anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments (p> 0.05); the abduction versus flexion tasks are similar with mass 1kg (p> 0.05), but become different with mass 3kg (p <0.001) in relation to muscular activity of the scapular and global muscles; during flexion and abduction tasks, the greatest postural adjustments were the scapular muscles (Serratus Anterior and Lower Trapezius) (p <0.001); during adduction and extension tasks, the largest of the global muscles (p <0.001); anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments were higher in the serratus anterior and lower trapezius scapula muscles than in the anterior deltoid focal muscle (p <0.001); there were modulations in the types and levels of APA and CPA in upper limb tasks (p <0.001). In conclusion, we have an association of postural adjustments as mechanisms of stabilization and orientation of the shoulder in tasks of the upper limbs. However, the intensity and modulation of postural adjustments are affected by task and mass. We believe that the muscular activity of the scapular muscles is directly associated with the need to minimize the perturbation to the maintenance of the orietantion and stability segment (shoulder), as well as overall muscle activity is associated with maintaining stability and body orientation. These findings can be used for future studies comparing subjects with dysfunction and health and thus to understand if there is abnormal activity of the scapular muscles in the periods of anticipatory and compensatory postural adjustments and if this muscular activity contributes to dysfunction of the shoulder complex

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