Made available in DSpace on 2018-08-01T23:40:27Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 tese_12219_Dissertação final Niciane Castro.pdf: 3372354 bytes, checksum: 184d14e02337731831d7ed79e822f30a (MD5) Previous issue date: 2018-04-18 / Esta dissertação se propõe a compreender a participação dos elementos materiais nas práticas criativas de uma empresa de design de mobiliário. Sua fundamentação teórica está embasada no estudo da economia criativa e das teorias da prática e epistemologia de Theodore Schatzki. A fim de alcançar o objetivo geral, a pesquisa empírica foi realizada por meio da triangulação da observação participante com videogravação e entrevistas (exploratórias e semiestruturadas em profundidade). Em relação à análise e interpretação dos dados, foi empregado o procedimento de análise de conteúdo temático a posteriori. Ressalta-se, entretanto, que este estudo está delimitado à análise das práticas criativas de uma empresa de design de mobiliário de pequeno porte, localizada em Vitória/ES. Além disso, ao perseguir esse objetivo, não se pretende ignorar a participação dos seres humanos no processo de criação, e nem mesmo que alguns indivíduos possuem mais potencial criativo que outros, mas contribuir na discussão sobre o papel da materialidade nesse tipo de fenômeno social. Os resultados revelam que os elementos materiais compõem as “malhas criativas”, atuando na sustentação e promoção dos “ditos” e “feitos” corpóreos organizados e situados naquele contexto. Neste aspecto, a materialidade influi na conexão com as demais práticas sociais presentes na empresa estudada, inclusive com aquelas que não estão diretamente vinculadas aos seus fins como estúdio de design, mas que têm como intento a “troca de ideias” tão fundamentais para criação coletiva. Ademais, ao “tangibilizar” ideias, os elementos materiais permitem que os atores sociais articulem expertises, "gostos" e informações em “experimentações” capazes de provocar reflexões ao longo do processo de criação, gerando novas ideias que, por sua vez, também serão experenciadas, até se obter um resultado criativo satisfatório. Por fim, foi possível perceber que os elementos materiais podem potencializar (ou restringir) as práticas criativas, conforme sua capacidade de “corporificar” os conhecimentos, normas (explicitas ou não), discursos, emoções e motivações compartilhados no processo criativo da organização. / The research aims to understand the participation of the material elements in the creative practices of a furniture design company. Its theoretical rationale is based on the study of the creative economy and on the theories of practice and epistemology by Theodore Schatzki. In order to achieve the general goal, the empirical research was conducted through the triangulation of participating observation with video recording and interviews (exploratory and in-depth semi-structured). Thematic analysis was used. However, this study is limited to the analysis of the creative practices of a small furniture design company, located in Vitória, Espírito Santo, Brazil. Moreover, the participation of human beings in the process of creation is not ignored, nor even the fact that some individuals have more creative potential than others. But rather such human participation is considered to contribute to the discussion about the role that the material elements play in this type of social phenomenon. The research results show that the material elements compose the "creative meshes", playing a role of support and promotion of bodily doings and sayings organized and situated in that context. Concerning this aspect, materiality works in the connection with other social practices in the studied company, including those which are not directly linked to its purposes as a design studio, whose purpose is to "exchange ideas", an essential action to collective creation. In addition, by "tangibilizing" ideas, materiality allows social actors to articulate expertises, "tastes" and information in "experiments" capable of provoking reflections throughout the creation process, generating new ideas that, in turn, will also be experienced, until a satisfactory creative result is achieved. Finally, it was possible to perceive that material elements can enhance (or restrict) creative practices, according to their capacity to "embody" the knowledge, norms (explicit or not), discourses, emotions and motivations shared in the creative process of the organization.

Cette thèse vise à combler une lacune de la connaissance sur les effets systémiques des outils de contrôle de gestion dans son acception de pilotage organisationnel. Elle se repose sur une étude ethnographique longue de plus de 3 ans, réalisée dans une direction de ligne d'une entreprise européenne de transport ferroviaire Eurorailway. Elle montre qu'une direction de ligne a utilisé successivement deux ensembles d'outils de pilotage pour gouverner, conduire et animer les entités internes contributrices à la production ferroviaire. D'abord un ensemble d'outils de la contractualisation dans une relation horizontale avec ses entités internes; ensuite un autre ensemble d'outils de pilotage par la hiérarchie dans une structure verticale. Leurs cohabitations, concurrences et affrontements ont généré des effets systémiques complexes sur les individus, les processus et pratiques organisationnels et in fine sur la performance: des effets de congruence bénéfiques dans certaines pratiques, absence d'effets dans d'autres pratiques et des effets néfastes par leurs interactions. Éclairée par la théorie de la pratique de Schatzki qui contourne l'opposition gênante entre le déterminisme fonctionnaliste et les critiques psycho-sociologiques, notre recherche montre que leurs effets réels ne peuvent se comprendre qu'en lien avec la pratique de gestion qui les mobilise. / This dissertation contributes to the limited body of knowledge on systemic consequences of management control tools, also to the limited body of research on management control as system by mobilizing management tools as an analyzer of organizational phenomena. Based on an ethnography case study in a large European railway company, this research finds that this organization utilizes successively two packages of management tools for the governance of internal entities involved in the production of services delivered ta passengers: the first one based on the levers of customer/supplier relationship, the second one by hierarchal levers. The systemic effects generated by these packages of management tools are complex, some are beneficial, other are neutral, and some are even harmful to the performance. By applying Schatzki's practice theory which circumvents the unhelpful opposition between the functionalist determinism and the sociological/psychological critical approaches, we argue that the systemic consequences of management tools can only be apprehended in the practice where they are used. Mobilizing management tools as an analyzer of organizational phenomena offers a new vista to study management control as a system.