The primary aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between principal transformational leadership, school organization change, and school effectiveness for the elemental and junior schools in Yunlin, Chiayi, and Tainan areas using questionnaire analysis. The samples of 600 teachers were chosen from 59 schools in Yunlin, Chiayi, and Tainan areas by stratified random sampling. There were 479 valid responses from the target teachers. Finally, the data was analyzed using the method of descriptive and inferential statistics, including mean and standard deviation, t-test, oneway ANOVA, Scheff¡¦s method, Pearson¡¦s product-moment correlation, and stepwise multiple regression. The main findings of this study are shown in the following: 1.The score of principal transformational leadership is above the average, of which the intellectual stimulation is relatively better. 2.The score of school organization change is up to the average, of which the revolution management method is relatively high. 3.The score of school effectiveness is at the high level, of which the cognition of community and parents is relatively better. 4.The male, old, senior, and administrative teachers and the teachers in the large schools and elemental schools have higher cognition of principal transformational leadership than the female, young, junior, and general teachers and those in the middle schools and junior schools, correspondingly. 5.The male, old, senior, and administrative teachers and the teachers in the middle schools and elemental schools have higher cognition of school organization change than the female, young, junior, and general teachers and those in the large schools and junior schools, correspondingly. 6.The old, senior, and administrative teachers and the teachers in the large schools, city schools, and elemental schools have higher cognition of school effectiveness than the young, junior, and general teachers and those in the small schools, country schools, and junior schools, correspondingly. 7.The higher the principal transformational leadership, the more the school organization change; the more the school organization change, the higher the school effectiveness. As a result, the higher principal transformational leadership results in the higher school effectiveness. 8.The principal transformational leadership and school organization change can apparently predict the school effectiveness, of which the change management method can best predict the school effectiveness.