Thesis (M.A.) -- Central Connecticut State University, 2006. / Thesis advisor: Jeremiah N. Jarrett. "... in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Ecology and Environmental Science." Includes bibliographical references (leaves 33-39). Also available via the World Wide Web.

Includes bibliography. / Recreation has an important social function in modern societies, with ever-increasing pressures in the day-to-day life being felt by most people. This study addresses the impact of recreational activity on metropolitan shorelines, with particular reference to the False Bay shoreline. During summer holiday periods shoreline utilization in the Western Cape peaks on the public holidays of 26 December, 1 and 2 January, beach attendances reaching levels of 2 to 10 times higher than attendances on other days during the summer holidays. The greatest proportion of visitors to the beach (94%) engage in non-exploitative activities, such as sunbathing and swimming. Most visitors occur on the beaches between 12h00 and 16h00, week-ends being most popular during out-of-season periods, but in-season week day attendances exceed those of weekends. Only 6% of visitors surveyed were engaged in exploitative activities such as angling and bait- or food-gathering. Conservation awareness of visitors to the shore is related to the place of residence of the person, as well as activity engaged in by the person. Fish numbers and their size frequency distributions in protected areas differs to those of unprotected areas. If boulders on a sheltered shore are over-turned during bait gathering it has an adverse effect on the boulder communities, whether the boulders are replaced or left over-turned. When bait gatherers target on mussel-worms as bait, they may cause inadvertent damage to the primary matrix of mussel bed or tube-worm reef in the process, thereby affecting ecological succession processes in the intertidal environment. Management of metropolitan shorelines must therefore provide for quality recreational experiences, while applying conservation measures to selected areas that are susceptible to over-exploitation under the onslaught of ever-increasing numbers of recreationists. For such measures to be of any benefit to the marine environment, it is essential that people are not only informed, but that the regulations are also properly enforced.

Ji Changhai. / "February 2001." / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2001. / Includes bibliographical references (p. 156-183). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Mode of access: World Wide Web. / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstracts in English and Chinese.

Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong. / Bibliography: leaves 141-154.

沿岸上升流和河流沖淡水都會嚴重影響近岸水體的物理、化學性質及其生態系統；南海北部的廣東沿岸同時存在著這兩種現象，因此對於沿岸上升流和沖淡水的運動規律和動力機制的研究對於認識廣東沿岸水體性質和生態環境的變化具有重要的理論意義。本文首先利用多種衛星遙感觀測資料和實地調查資料研究珠江沖淡水和紅海灣內的上升流進而揭示其空間分佈特徵和時間變化規律。而後利用三維的高解析度區域海洋模式（ROMS）建立一個適用於南海北部的海洋動力模式，從而成功反演珠江沖淡水和紅海灣內上升流的發展變化規律，進而揭示對其產生影響的動力原因。 / 通過分析MODIS在2003年7月14日至16日的海表面溫度影像以及同一時期的QuikSCAT風場資料，本文發現在西南風盛行時紅海灣記憶體在一個明顯的上升流區域，而且湧升的冷水首先在紅海灣的西岸出現並呈尖形向東南輸送。通過MODIS衛星觀測的海表面28oC等溫度線和模式類比結果的相互印證，證明本文利用ROMS建立的上升流模式能夠成功再現上升流的發展變化過程。基於模式類比結果的動量平衡分析揭示沿岸方向的壓強梯度和非線性項導致湧升的冷水首先出現在紅海灣西岸，而冷水的楔形離岸輸運則是由東南風引起的Ekman輸運和水準的非線性共同作用的結果。本文還進一步討論了季風、潮汐和海底地形對上升流的產生和擴散過程的影響。模式類比結果表明：在紅海灣觀測到的海表冷水是由西南風驅動的上升流造成的；由海底地形引起的內潮和上升流之間的相互作用會增強底層水的上升運動；湧升冷水的離岸輸運距離受海底地形在垂直於岸線方向的影響：坡度較緩的海底有助於冷水在距離海岸較寬的區域湧升至水面，而坡度陡的海底會將上升流限制在距離海岸較近的區域。 / 珠江沖淡水是本文的另外一個研究重點。通過對2012年6月4日-14日在珠江口和鄰近海域的調查資料的分析，可以看出調查期間珠江沖淡水呈現兩種截然不同的分佈特徵。利用ROMS的嵌套技術，本文建立了一個覆蓋南海北部陸架區的小區域模式。通過與實測資料的對比，驗證了本文建立的區域模式可以很好的反演珠江沖淡水在不同風場作用下的空間分佈特徵。基於模式類比結果的動量平衡分析表明，除了由風引起的海表面Ekman輸運外，非線性对流项項是另外一個影響沖淡水離岸輸運距離的重要因素。 / 通過計算不同風場作用下不同潮時的Froude數發現，在東南風和大潮共同作用下，珠江口鋒面處於超臨界狀態。這與實際調查結果相符合。進一步對潮汐羽流的分析表明，在東南風盛行時，珠江沖淡水由潮汐羽流、再迴圈羽流和羽流沿岸流三部分組成。當盛行風向轉為西南風時，再迴圈羽流部分消失。此時，珠江沖淡水羽流只由潮汐羽流、羽流遠場兩部分組成。計算海表面水準方向上的鹽量輸運發現，鹽量輸運受風場和潮汐的共同作用影響，潮汐導致的表層負鹽度通量可達到風生平均流引起表層負鹽度通量的12.5%。風場影響著沖淡水區域的垂向層化強度和離岸輸運距離。東南風和大潮的共同作用下，水體垂向混合加強，沖淡水離岸輸運距離變短。而盛行西南風時，強密度躍層將表層風引起的混合與底層混合隔開，有助於層化的建立，此時表層沖淡水離岸輸運距離增加。 / The upwelling event that occurred in Guangdong coastal water during 14-16 July, 2003 is observed by using satellite multi-sensor data including the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sea surface temperature (SST) and QuikSCAT ocean surface winds. Successive MODIS SST images reveal a jet-like upwelling cold water body in surface layer under the forcing of southwesterly winds. The ROMS is used to simulate the upwelling process and explore its dynamics. The model successfully reproduces the jet-like shape of the surface upwelling water as well as the upwelling-developing process by comparisons of 28°C isotherms between the modeling and MODIS SSTs. Analyses of modeled momentums reveal that the large offshore transport appeared on the west side of Honghai Bay as results of high alongshore pressure gradient and nonlinear advections, and in addition to the offshore-ward Ekman transport generated by the southwesterly winds, the enhanced horizontal advection also played an important role in developing the prominent upwelling in Honghai Bay. / As testified by a numerical experiment, it is the wind-driven upwelling not the wind-induced vertical turbulent mixing that induced the surface cold water. Further numerical analyses reveal strong internal tides occurring in Honghai Bay caused by the local bottom topography. The interaction between the upwelling and internal tides enhances the bottom water uplifting. The offshore expansion of the upwelling water is controlled by the cross-shore topography slope: a gentle and offshore-extended slope helps the bottom water to climb up to the surface in a wide range in cross-shore direction, whereas a steep and narrow slope restricts the expansion of the upwelling water and confines the cold water in a narrow band along the shore. / A sea cruise was carried out to capture Pearl River plume structure in the Pearl River Estuary (PRE) and its adjacent coastal waters from 4 June to 14 June, 2012. The cruise data are analyzed to unveil the plume dynamics. A nested model is used to simulate the plume expansion process as well. Model results are compared with cruise observations and tidal gauge sea level data. Modeling results suggest that there is a sub-tidal, anti-cyclonic bulge on the west side out of the river mouth under southeasterly winds, which constitutes a plume re-circulating. When the wind changes to the southwesterly, however, the plume re-circulating vanishes and a plume far-field appears. / The distinct, supercritical plume front occurs with southeasterly winds prevailing in spring tide. The tidal salt deficit flux can reach as high as 12.5% of the mean current flux, and indicates an interaction between the wind forcing and tides. The variation of plume stratification is studied by a scalar parameter. It is found that the stratification of the plume is sensitive to the wind forcing: The southeasterly winds can enhance vertical mixing in the whole water column and restrict seaward expansion of the plume water. Under the southwesterly winds, the strong stratification acts as a barrier separating wind-induced surface vertical mixing and bottom mixing. The plume water in the surface layer maintains its stratification and spreads horizontally. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Detailed summary in vernacular field only. / Gu, Yanzhen. / Thesis (Ph.D.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2013. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 137-148). / Electronic reproduction. Hong Kong : Chinese University of Hong Kong, [2012] System requirements: Adobe Acrobat Reader. Available via World Wide Web. / Abstracts also in Chinese. / ABSTRACT --- p.I / 摘要 --- p.IV / CONTENTS --- p.VI / List of Tables --- p.VIII / List of Figures --- p.VIII / Acknowledgments --- p.XII / Chapter 1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1 --- General Circulation in the Northern SCS --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Dongsha Current --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- SCS Warm Current --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Other Features --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2 --- Coastal Upwelling --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.1 --- Wind-induced Coastal Upwelling --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2.2 --- Overview of Coastal Upwelling Studies --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3 --- The Pearl River Plume --- p.12 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Physical Setting --- p.12 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Overview of River Plume Studies --- p.15 / Chapter 2 --- Regional Ocean Model System --- p.18 / Chapter 2.1 --- Equation of Motion --- p.19 / Chapter 2.2 --- Model Time-Stepping Scheme --- p.20 / Chapter 2.3 --- Boundary Conditions --- p.21 / Chapter 2.4 --- Coordinate System Transformation --- p.22 / Chapter 2.5 --- Vertical Viscosity and Diffusion --- p.26 / Chapter 3 --- Dynamical Study of Coastal Upwelling --- p.27 / Chapter 3.1 --- Satellite Data --- p.27 / Chapter 3.2 --- Data Interpretation --- p.28 / Chapter 3.2.1 --- Upwelling and Wind Fields --- p.28 / Chapter 3.2.2 --- Horizontal Structure and Expansion of the Cold Water Area --- p.33 / Chapter 3.3 --- Model Configuration --- p.34 / Chapter 3.4 --- Model Results --- p.38 / Chapter 3.4.1 --- Sea Surface Temperature and Horizontal Currents --- p.38 / Chapter 3.4.2 --- Cross-shelf Structure --- p.44 / Chapter 3.4.3 --- Momentum Balance --- p.46 / Chapter 3.5 --- Discussions --- p.50 / Chapter 3.5.1 --- Winds --- p.50 / Chapter 3.5.2 --- Internal Tides --- p.53 / Chapter 3.5.3 --- Topography --- p.56 / Chapter 4 --- Dynamical Study of the Pearl River Plume --- p.63 / Chapter 4.1 --- Cruise Observations --- p.63 / Chapter 4.2 --- Data Interpretation --- p.66 / Chapter 4.2.1 --- Observed Surface Salinity Distribution --- p.66 / Chapter 4.2.2 --- Salinity Vertical Distribution --- p.68 / Chapter 4.2.3 --- River Plume Front --- p.74 / Chapter 4.3 --- Model Configuration --- p.76 / Chapter 4.3.1 --- Northern South China Sea Model --- p.78 / Chapter 4.3.2 --- Pearl River Estuary Model --- p.79 / Chapter 4.4 --- Model Results and Verification --- p.80 / Chapter 4.4.1 --- Validation of Surface Salinity --- p.80 / Chapter 4.4.2 --- Validation of Salinity Profile --- p.82 / Chapter 4.4.3 --- Validation of Tidal Elevations --- p.83 / Chapter 4.4.4 --- Plume Horizontal Structure --- p.87 / Chapter 4.4.5 --- Plume Cross-shelf Structure --- p.91 / Chapter 4.4.6 --- Momentum Balance --- p.95 / Chapter 4.5 --- Stratification --- p.101 / Chapter 4.6 --- Plume frontal Froude number --- p.106 / Chapter 4.7 --- Tidal Plume --- p.111 / Chapter 4.8 --- Horizontal salt deficit flux --- p.114 / Chapter 4.9 --- Turbulence Mixing --- p.118 / Chapter 5 --- Conclusions --- p.124 / Chapter Appendix I: --- List of Publications during Ph. D. Study --- p.128 / Chapter Appendix II: --- MODIS SST Image --- p.129 / Reference --- p.137

Li, Cheuk Yan Vivian. / Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2010. / Includes bibliographical references (leaves 89-99). / Abstracts in English and Chinese. / Abstract (in English) --- p.I / Abstract (in Chinese) --- p.III / Acknowledgements --- p.IV / Table of contents --- p.V / List of figures --- p.VIII / List of tables --- p.XII / List of plates --- p.XIII / Chapter Chapter 1 --- Population Dynamics of Marine Cladocerans in Tolo Harbour / Chapter 1.1 --- Introduction --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.1 --- Study site --- p.1 / Chapter 1.1.2 --- Species description and distribution --- p.2 / Chapter 1.1.3 --- Population dynamics of marine cladocerans --- p.4 / Chapter 1.1.3.1 --- Reproduction --- p.5 / Chapter 1.1.3.2 --- Fecundity of marine cladocerans --- p.6 / Chapter 1.1.3.3 --- Embryonic development time --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1.3.4 --- Food --- p.7 / Chapter 1.1.3.5 --- Predation --- p.8 / Chapter 1.2 --- Objective --- p.9 / Chapter 1.3 --- Materials and method --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.1 --- Field sampling --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.2 --- Hydrographical parameters and chlorophyll a concentration --- p.10 / Chapter 1.3.3 --- Zooplankton sampling --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.4 --- Zooplankton analysis --- p.11 / Chapter 1.3.5 --- Calculation of Population Parameters --- p.12 / Chapter 1.4 --- Results --- p.16 / Chapter 1.4.1 --- Hydrographical parameters --- p.16 / Chapter 1.4.1.1 --- Temperature --- p.16 / Chapter 1.4.1.2 --- Salinity --- p.16 / Chapter 1.4.1.3 --- Dissolved Oxygen content --- p.17 / Chapter 1.4.2 --- Chlorophyll a concentration --- p.17 / Chapter 1.4.3 --- Seasonal occurrence of marine cladocerans in Tolo Harbour --- p.26 / Chapter 1.4.4 --- Parameters of the marine cladocerans populations --- p.32 / Chapter 1.4.5 --- Occurrence of gamogenic individuals of marine cladocerans --- p.51 / Chapter 1.4.6 --- Occurrence of chaetognaths --- p.51 / Chapter 1.5 --- Discussion --- p.57 / Chapter 1.6 --- Conclusion --- p.66 / Chapter Chapter 2 --- "Molecular detection of the diet of the marine cladocerans, Pseudevadne tergestina" / Chapter 2.1 --- Introduction --- p.68 / Chapter 2.1.1 --- The importance of marine cladocerans --- p.68 / Chapter 2.1.2 --- Previous findings on cladoceran diet --- p.69 / Chapter 2.1.2.1 --- Sidid cladocerans --- p.69 / Chapter 2.1.2.2 --- Podonid cladocerans --- p.69 / Chapter 2.1.3 --- Methods to investigate the feeding habit of animals --- p.71 / Chapter 2.1.4 --- Application of molecular detection --- p.72 / Chapter 2.2 --- Objectives --- p.73 / Chapter 2.3 --- Materials and method --- p.74 / Chapter 2.3.1 --- Zooplankton sampling and preparation --- p.74 / Chapter 2.3.2 --- DNA extraction --- p.74 / Chapter 2.3.3 --- 18S rRNA gene amplification --- p.75 / Chapter 2.3.4 --- 18S rRNA Cloning --- p.76 / Chapter 2.3.5 --- Clone screening by RFLP --- p.76 / Chapter 2.3.6 --- Sequencing and phylogenetic analysis --- p.77 / Chapter 2.4 --- Results --- p.78 / Chapter 2.4.1 --- Alveolata --- p.78 / Chapter 2.4.2 --- Other lineages --- p.79 / Chapter 2.5 --- Discussion and conclusion --- p.85 / Chapter 2.5.1 --- Errors and improvements --- p.87 / Reference --- p.89

Outer Cape Cod (Massachusetts) is dominated by active and stabilizing parabolic and transverse dunes interspersed with numerous inter-dune wetlands. Dune migration has been significantly affected by human activities; conversely, current dune movements are affecting local populations. The objective of the reported research was to assess, using remote sensing and geographic information systems (GIS) technologies, migration of the Cape Cod dunes and the effect of dune movement on distribution of associated wetlands. Aerial photographs from 1938 through 2003 were analyzed to track individual dune movements and subsequent wetland propagation and expansion. Absolute dune movement rates during this period were computed, with a plot of dune movement as a cumulative function. One sub-problem of this study was to quantify `white' areas of active moving sand and `dark' areas of vegetation, in order to quantify changes in vegetative cover with wetland propagation and, conversely, vegetative disappearance with dune movement. Attempts were made to correlate the Palmer Drought Severity Index (PDSI) with dune migration. Based on review of aerial photographs, parabolic dunes have migrated 150 to 250 m since 1938, with 60% of the movement occurring between 1938 and 1977. The relation between absolute parabolic dune migration and corresponding PDSI is approximately logarithmic. Maximum dune migration is associated with PDSI values lower than -2 and reflects moderate drought conditions. Wetlands consistently trailed the dunes, and the distance of wetland movement was related to dune movement distances. Wetland migration was particularly marked from the 1950s to the 1980s. Based on review of georeferenced aerial photographs, it is concluded that marked stabilization of Cape Cod dunes occurred in the 1980s and 1990s, with renewed movement in the 21st Century. This study provides a practical application for assessment of dune migration and vegetative transformations over time using remote sensing and GIS technologies. / Department of Natural Resources and Environmental Management

xiv, 144 leaves : ill. A print copy of this title is available through the UO Libraries under this call number: SCIENCE QH541.5.S35 M37 2007

This thesis examines Woodland settlement patterns at the Brickhill Bluff site on Cumberland Island, Georgia. Aspects of Woodland habitation and social organization are not well understood along the Georgia coast. Using shell and artifact distribution data from excavations at Brickhill Bluff, this thesis attempts to discern how Woodland populations, specifically Deptford and St. Johns cultures, utilized the site between 1000 B.C. and A.D. 1000. This study also examines the efficacy of the midden typology already established for the South Atlantic Coastal Plain by statistically comparing the artifact assemblage from Brickhill Bluff to samples from sites used to develop this midden typology. The aims of this research are to identify past cultural activities at Brickhill Bluff - specifically seasonal oyster collecting, general hunting and gathering strategies, and residential density. These criteria are compared with an established matrix designed to discern how past groups utilized southeastern coastal shell midden sites. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.A.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2017. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection

As sea level rises, saltwater migration can threaten coastal ecosystems and beach-dune environments, which negatively impacts coastal flora. This study uses ground penetrating radar (GPR) to evaluate the spatiotemporal variability of saltwater migration in the near shore at high lateral resolution (i.e. cm) by using daily micro tidal cycles as analogs to infer saltwater migration. Time-lapse GPR profiles were collected at low and high tide capturing phase lags of the tidal flux through different substrates. GPR measurements were collected at two sites in Miami with contrasting lithologies: a) Crandon Park, composed of unconsolidated sand; and b) the Barnacle Historic State Park, composed of the Miami Limestone Formation. Laboratory-scale GPR measurements were collected over samples mimicking field conditions. The results may be helpful to identify regions vulnerable to saltwater migration in the near shore based on lithological variability, and to mitigate negative impacts for flora in beach-dune habitats during sea level rise. / Includes bibliography. / Thesis (M.S.)--Florida Atlantic University, 2019. / FAU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Collection