This dissertation recommends research to investigate the effects inhibitory control and perceptual attention have on the cyber security decision-making process. Understanding the effects that inhibitory control and perceptual attention have on the security decision- making process will allow for better defenses to be developed against social engineering and phishing. A survey and review of previous research in the area of Human Computer- Interaction and Security is presented. An experiment is performed to evaluate inhibitory control, which is composed of prepotent response inhibition, resistance to distractor interference, and resistance to proactive interference (PI). Additionally, the experiment evaluates perceptual attention and the security decision-making process.